Xa kwamkelwa umgqirha emva kovavanyo kunye noviwo lwekliniki, njengomthetho, ukukhwela okanye ukuphulaphulwa kwimiphunga. Isiphumo solu phofu maxa wambi iba yirekhodi "yokuphefumula kabuhlungu" kwikhadi lomguli. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ezo nkcazelo ziyikrakra, kwaye abantu abanobucayi baqala ukuxhalabisa malunga nokuphuhliswa kweemiphunga ezingapheliyo kunye nezifo ezixhatshazwayo.
Kuthetha ukuthini igama elithi "ukuphefumla kanzima"?
Enyanisweni, ibinzana ekuthethwa ngalo ayithwali nayiphi na imithwalo yesimani.
Ukuphefumula ngokuqhelekileyo kumntu onempilo kuthiwa yi-vesicular. Ibonakala ngengxolo ethile, eyenziwa ngenxa yokuchithwa kwe-alveoli (i-vesicles yemiphaphu), iphulaphulwa ngokufuthwa kwaye ingabikho ngexesha lokudumba. Isandi sesicatshulwa silula kwaye silithule, asinalo umda ocacileyo wokupheliswa kwengxolo, njengoko ihamba ngokukhawuleza.
Kuloo meko apho inkqubo yokuphefumula ihluke kulokho ichazwe ngasentla, oogqirha abaninzi bathanda ukubhala "ukuphefumula kanzima". Enyanisweni, eli binzana lithetha ukuba ugqirha akafumananga nayiphi na i-pathologies, kodwa isandi xa uphulaphule, ngokubhekiselele kwimbono yakhe yokuzimela, iyahluka kwi-vesicular. Phantse kuzo zonke izicatshulwa kunye nokurekhoda kwikhadi umntu unokufumana udibaniso lwamagama athi "ukuphefumula kanzima" kwaye "akukho tshintsho" kungakhathaliseki ukuba uhlalutyo.
Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba ukukhwabanisa kuyindlela engapheliyo yokuphanda, eyenziwa ngokwesiqhelo, kuba wonke umntu usetyenziselwa ukuba ukuba ugqirha ogqirha "uya kuphulaphula". Le ndlela ifuna kakuhle, kwanomculo, ukuva kunye namava atyebileyo, ihlala iveza iziphumo ezingamanga, zombini zilungile kwaye zibi.
Iinkcukacha ezininzi kwi-Intanethi ukuphefumla kanzima kukubonakalisa isifo sokuphefumula, ukuvuvukala kwe-mucosa ye-bronchial, ukusuleleka kwintsholongwane, i-bronchitis, okanye ukuqokelela kwe-mucus.
Izizathu zokuphefumula kanzima
Inkcazelo echanekileyo yimeko, xa isandi sivakala ngokulinganayo xa sisetyenziselwa ukutshatyalaliswa nokuphefumula, kukuphefumla. Isandi ngexesha lokuhlaziya kubonakala ngokucacileyo kwaye kucacile, ngokuzwakalayo.
Njengomthetho, ukuphefumla okuqinileyo kwe-bronchial kwenzeka nge-pneumonia-fever high, ukukhwehlela nokukhutshwa kwesenzo esicacileyo se-sputum njengesigxina sokuxilongwa kweempawu. Zininzi iintlobo zeebhaktheriya zithathwa njengezifo ezikhuselekileyo zesifo, ngokuqhelekileyo i-streptococci.
Enye imbangela yokuphefumula kwe-bronchial yi- pulmonary fibrosis . Kukutshintshwa kwezicubu eziqhelekileyo ngamaseli afanelekileyo. Le ntsholongwane ibonisa ukuba abantu abaphethwe yi-bronchial asthma kunye nokuvuvukala kwamaphaphu. Kwakhona, i-fibrosis ivame ukuhlaselwa kwimvelaphi yokuthatha amayeza kunye ne-chemotherapy. Iimpawu zayo eziphambili kukuphefumula kunye nokukhwehlela oomileyo, ngamanye amaxesha kunye nenani elincinci le-sputum, i-pallor okanye i-blue blueness yesikhumba.
Akukho zizathu kunye nezifo ezenza ukuba kuthethwe ngurhulumente.
Unyango lokuphefumla kanzima
Ngenxa yokuba le ngxaki ayikho nhlobo, akukho nonyango ekhethekileyo nayo iyadingeka. Ukongezelela, into ephantsi kwengqwalasela impawu kuphela, kwaye ayiyiyo isifo esizimeleyo.
Ukuba, ekuqhubeni isifundo, imisindo ye-bronchial ifunyenwe kwi-inhalation kunye ne-exhalation, kunye nezibonakaliso ezihambelanayo zibonisa ukuphuhliswa kwe-pneumonia, unyango lwe-antimicrobial.
Ukumisela i-antibiotics ngenxa yokuphefumula okukhulu kwe-bronchial, ukuhlolwa kokuqala kwe-sputum kuyimfuneko. Uhlalutyo luvumela ukuchonga i-pathogen kunye nokuqhuba iimvavanyo zokuvavanya kwayo kwiziyobisi ezahlukeneyo. Ngokuxhatshazwa kwebhakteria okanye udidi olungapheliyo lwee-microbes, amayeza okulwa neentlobo ezininzi zezenzo ezivela kwiqela le-cephalosporins, i-penicillin kunye ne-macrolides Kunconywa.
Unyango lwe-fibrosis lubandakanya ukusetyenziswa kwe-glucocorticosteroids, i-cytostatics kunye namayeza antifibrotic, kunye ne-oksijithi yonyango.