Xa umntwana eguqula iinyanga ezili-8 ubudala, abazali baqaphela utshintsho oluninzi-zombini kunye neengqondo. Nangona inkunzi nganye ikhula ngokwemigangatho yayo, kukho ezinye iiparameter eziqhelekileyo malunga nemigangatho yokukhula kunye nokuzuza ubunzima, izakhono kunye nokubonakaliswa kwengqondo.
Iinyanga ezili-8 ubudala - ubunzima kunye nokuphakama
Iiparameter ezibalulekileyo njengoko ukuphakama nokulingana komntwana, kwiinyanga ezili-8, sele kusanda ngokukhawuleza kangangoko nje kwisiqingatha sonyaka. Kwinyanga, iintsana kule minyaka zifumana ubunzima obungama-300-600 g, kwaye ubude bomzimba bunyuke ngo-1.5-2 cm. Ukuncipha kwezinto ezincinci kulezi zikhombisi kubangelwa ukuba ngeli nqanaba umsebenzi omkhulu wendalo yomzimba kukubunjwa kwezakhono zomzimba, msebenzi. Khawucinge ukuba umntwana makangakanani ubunzima kwiinyanga ezili-8, ngokwe-World Health Organization:
- abafana - malunga ne-8.6 kg (inzuzo yesisindo ngokuzalwa malunga ne-5.3 kg);
- amantombazana - 8 kg (ukwanda ukusuka ekuzalweni ngu 4.8 kg).
Ngokuphathelele ukukhula, kodwa imigangatho ephakathi yile ndlela ilandelayo:
- amakhwenkwe - 70.6 cm (inzuzo evela ekuzalweni i-20.7 cm);
- ngamantombazana - 68.8 cm (inzuzo evela ekuzalweni - 19.6 cm).
Ukutya komntwana kwiinyanga ezili-8
Abazali bafanele bachane ngokufanelekileyo ukutya komntwana kwiinyanga ezili-8, kuba ubisi lwebele okanye umxube olungelelanisiweyo unako ukugubungela iimfuno zomzimba womntwana ekufumaneni izixhobo ezibalulekileyo zondlo. Umntwana kwiinyanga ezili-8 kufuneka afumane iintlobo zokutya ezidibeneyo , kubandakanywa umntu unokunikezela ngokutya ngokungqinelana kakhulu, kunye nezilwanyana ezincinane, ukutya okuqinileyo kunye nezitya ezininzi. Ukuncelisa ngesilwane okanye ubisi lwebele okanye ukutshatyalaliswa kwalo kuyaqhubeka.
Kucetyiswa ukuba ukondle intombazana encinane etafileni, ehleli ephakamileyo. Kwizandla zakhe, kufuneka adlulise i-spoon, okwangoku inokudlala indima engumqondiso wokwakhiwa kwezakhono zesevisi. Ngaloo ndlela umntu omdala makamondle umntwana ngesinye isipuni. Kufuneka ufundiswe ukusebenzisa umntwana ukusela indebe, enceda ukuxhasa omnye wabazali.
Ukuxiliswa kweenyanga ezili-8
Ukuba isilwanyana sikamama silungile, ukutya komntwana kwiinyanga ezi-8 kufuneka kubandakanye ubisi lwebele , kuba umzimba womntwana ufumane ixesha elide lo lwamanzi, kubaluleke kakhulu kwimpilo - ngokwengqondo nangokwengqondo. Abahlengikazi bezantlupheko banamhlanje bacebisa ukuba, ukuba kunokwenzeka, ukuqhubeka nokuncelisa ibele ukuya kwiminyaka emibini, kubandakanywa ubisi olubonisiweyo, ukuba umama weza kusebenza.
Ngokuphindaphindiweyo, xa uneminyaka eyi-8 ubudala, ushiye isondlo ezimbini kunye nobisi lonina - kusasa emva kokuvuswa nobusuku ngaphambi kokuba ulale embhedeni, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha umntwana usondla ukutya "omdala". Ngelo xesha kunye nemini kunye nobusuku, iintsana zinokusetyenziswa kwisifuba. Ukuba utyando luyekile, kufuneka uxoxe nodokotela wakho ukusebenzisa umxube wokufakelwa.
Ukutya kwiinyanga ezili-8
Ngeli thuba lobomi kunconywa ukuba kusebenze ukutya oku-3 okuncinci ngexesha lomhla kunye nexesha elimalunga neeyure ezingama-4. Ukunyamekela ukunyusa i-akhawunti ngebele okanye umxube, ukondliwa kwexesha elinhlanu kunikezelwa. Inani elipheleleyo lokutya elidliwe li malunga neyure eli-1. Kubalulekile ngoku ngokuqhelekileyo ukuba ufunde umntwana ngokuqhelekileyo ukwenzela ukhetho oluninzi - ukutya kwasekuseni, isidlo sasemini, isidlo sakusihlwa, kunye nesidlo sakusasa, ngokuqhelekileyo unike i-porridge, kunye nesidlo sasemini-izitya zokuhambisa. Kwixesha elizayo, ngenxa yalo mntwana kuya kuba lula ukulungelelanisa nokutya kwi-nursergarten.
Masibhale ukuba yintoni ekunyuseni umntwana kwiinyanga ezi-8, yikuphi ukutya okumelwe anikwe:
- iphalaji , iphekwe ngamanzi, ubisi okanye umxube (ibhakheheat, i-oatmeal, ilayisi, ummbila, ibhali, i-millet);
- imifuno (izaqathe, iitatata, ikholifulawa, i-broccoli, ithanga, i-zucchini);
- iziqhamo (i-apula, ipayari, ibhanana, i-peach, i-apricot, ipum);
- amajikijolo (i-raspberry, i-currant emnyama);
- iimveliso zobisi ezomuncu (i-cottage cheese, i-kefir, i- yoghurt );
- ibhotela kunye neoli;
- isikhupha seqanda;
- iimveliso zokubhaka (isonka seengqolowa, abaqholi, ama-biscuits, ukuma);
- inyama (i-turkey, inkukhu, inyama yenkomo, inyama yomvundla);
- iintlanzi (amanzi olwandle kunye namanzi aphelileyo, ngokuqinisekileyo i-fat fat);
- i-product-products (isibindi, ulwimi, intliziyo).
Ngokuxhomekeke kumhla wokuqala wesidlo sokuqala esongezelelweyo kule minyaka, iimveliso ezintsha zeintsana zinokuthi:
- isikhupha;
- kefir;
- yoghurt;
- ngemveliso;
- intlanzi;
- inyama.
Ukubeleka, osele kunamazinyo, kufuneka ukuba uqale ukuhlakulela ukutya okungahambisani nendawo kunye nokufunda ukuhlafuna. Imveliso kufuneka ixoxwe ngemfoloko, igayiwe nge-sieve enkulu.
Imenyu yokuncelisa intsana eneminyaka eyi-8
Cinga ukuba izitya zingabandakanya imenyu yosuku lomntwana kwiinyanga ezili-8:
- Ikusasa lokuqala ngu-06: 00-07: 00: ubisi lwebele.
- Isidlo sakusasa sesibini - 10: 00-11: 00: i-porridge, ibhotela, i-fruite puree, iimveliso zobisi ezinomuncu, i-juice, i-compote, i-mors.
- Isidlo -14: 00-15: 00: isobho semifuno, i-puree yemifuno, inyama ye-puree, intlanzi, i-offal, i-yolk, isonka, i-oli ye-vegetable, i-compote.
- Ukutya isidlo - 18: 00-19: 00: i-curd, i-yogurt, i-yoghurt, isiqhamo se-puree, isonka, ama-biscuits, amabhisikidi.
- Ukutya ngaphambi kokulala - 22: 00-23: 00: ubisi lwebele.
Imenyu yokuzalwa yenyanga eneminyaka engama-8 kwisondlo sokufakelwa
Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ukunyanga kwiinyanga ezili-8 zokuncelisa ukungaxhatshali akufani noko kukutya okufakelwayo, ngoko kwimenyu engenhla yosuku, unokutshintsha indawo yokugqibela yokugqibela kunye nomxube. Ukwenza kube lula kumama ukuba aziqhelise ngakumbi kunokuba asondle umntwana wakhe ngesidlo sasekuseni, isidlo sasemini, isidlo sakusasa ngeveki, siza kunika imenyu emalunga nomntwana kwiinyanga ezi-8 ngokutya okufakelwayo okanye kwendalo.
Usuku lweveki | Yafutshane | Isidlo | Isidlo |
NgoMvulo | i-oatmeal porridge kunye ne-apula, ijusi ye-carrot | Amazambane ahamba ngeepatata kunye nemifuno ngeoli yemifuno, i-turkey puree, iziqhamo kunye ne-berry compote | i-cottage cheese, iizambane ezifihliweyo, ama-croutons |
Lwe sibini | ibhakede ye-buckwheat ne-bhotela, i-compote, i-cracker | isobho semifuno, i-cutlet e-steamed fish, isonka, i-juice juice | i-kefir, i-banana-apple sauce, iibisiki |
| NgoLwesithathu | Ikhuni lembombo nebhotela, iperee ecocekileyo | i-puree esuka kwi-cauliflower kunye ne-broccoli, umvundla ophekiweyo womhlaba | i-cottage shizi kunye ne-raspberries, i-yoghurt, isomayo |
NgoLwesine | ipilisi yerayisi kunye nompu, i-apula ijusi | isobho kunye namazambane, izaqathe kunye nezikhupha, iibhola zezilwanyana ezivela kwi inkukhu, i-pear juice | i-cottage cheese, i-plum puree, iibisiki |
NgoLwesihlanu | ipereji ye-millet ne-bhotile, i-apple ebhaka, i-kefir | isobho seentlanzi kunye nemifuno, i-squash, i-carrot puree, i-berry compote | i-pear-apple sauce, rusks |
NgoMgqibelo | I-cottage cheese kunye nebhanana kunye ne-peach, i-yoghurt, i-biscuits | isobho kunye nenkomo kunye namazambane, i-cauliflower ebilisiwe, ijusi yeberry | i-kefir, i-carrot-i-apple puree, isomayo |
NgeCawa | ibhakede ye-buckwheat ne-bhotela, i-apple-ithkin juice | Iifatata ezifihliweyo zivela kwimboleko yemifuno, iifatata kunye ne-broccoli kunye ne-foppered fover, i-compote | i-cottage cheese, iibisiki, i-apricot-apple sauce |
Urhulumente wabantwana kwiinyanga ezili-8
Xa umntwana ejika iminyaka engama-8 ubudala, umsebenzi wakhe wokuziphathekayo kunye noluntu luyanda kakhulu, ngoko eli xesha lingabizwa ngokuba yintshintsho yentsana kwaye ibe nzima kubazali. Ngexesha elifanayo, kunye nemigqomo iya kuba yinto enomdla ngakumbi ukunxibelelana, kwaye ixesha elininzi linokunikezelwa kulo, kuba ixesha lokuvuka liyakhula. Ingakanani umntwana elele kwiinyanga ezi-8 ngumqondiso wodwa, kodwa ngokuphindaphindiweyo abantwana baphumla kabini ngosuku ngemini ye-1.5-2. Ubuthongo bokulala buqinile, ngaphandle kokuvuka, malunga neeyure eziyi-8.
Ngexesha lexesha lokuvuka, ezenza iiyure ezingama-5 ukuya ku-6, kunye nosana omele uhambe ngalo kwisitrato, udlale imidlalo yokuphuhliswa, kwaye uqhagamshelane. Ukongezelela, kwiinyanga ezili-8 umntwana ufuna i-gymnastics yansuku zonke ukuqinisa umzimba we-muscular ngaphambi kokufunda kakuhle ikhono lokuhamba kunye nenkxaso, ekuphuhliseni ukuhambelana kwezithuthi kunye nezakhono ezifanelekileyo zokuhamba . Musa ukulibala malunga nobusuku bokuhlamba, iinkqubo zokucoceka.
Ukuphuhliswa kwabantwana kwiinyanga ezili-8
Yintoni enokuthi umntwana akwazi ukwenza ezinyangeni eziyi-8, zeziphi iimpawu zengqondo nezemvelo ezilawulwa kweli xesha:
- ngokuzithemba ehleli ngaphandle kwenkxaso, efikelela kwindawo yokuzihlaziya;
- uhlala phantsi kwisimo esifanelekileyo;
- iphuma emilenzeni, ibambelele kwinkxaso;
- ngokukhawuleza ukukhwela kuzo zonke ezine;
- kuthatha amathoyizi, ukutshintshwa kwesandla ngesandla, izifundo, uphando ixesha elide;
- imizuzu eyi-10-15 ngokudlala ngokuzimeleyo ngamathoyizi;
- ngokucacileyo kunye nezivakalisi ezichazayo ngokucacileyo, uthetha amagama angama-monosyllabic;
- ibonisa izinto ezibizwa ngabantu abadala;
- iziphuzo kumgudu, ophethwe ngumntu omdala, obambelele ngeengxaki zakhe;
- ulwahlula "wakhe" kunye "nabangamaziyo", ubonisa uthando kubazali kunye nobudlelwane phakathi kwabo;
- ubonisa umdla kwabanye abantwana;
- uyaziqonda yena kunye nabathandayo kwisithombe.
Umntwana akahlali kwiinyanga ezili-8 ubudala
Ukuba umntwana akahlali yedwa kwiinyanga ezi-8, oku akusoloko kubonisa ukulibaziseka ekuphuhliseni ngokwenyama kunye nayiphi na imithwalo. Oku kunokuba ngumntwana kwaye kunokwenzeka ukuba omnye wabazali bakhe waqala ukuhlala, eme, ahambe. Kule meko, nangona kunjalo, udokotela wezilwanyana kunye ne-neurologist kufuneka aboniswe ngubani, ukuba kunyanzelekile, uya kunika umthamo wokuqinisa, ukuzivocavoca umzimba okhethekileyo, iinkqubo zephilotherapy.
Umntwana akaqhubeki kwiinyanga ezili-8 ubudala
Ngenxa yokuba umntwana unako ukuya kwiinyanga ezi-8 ngokuqhelekileyo, ukukhubazeka kwintsana ukukhwela kule minyaka kunethusa kakhulu kubazali. Mhlawumbi, eneneni, akukho sizathu sokukhathazeka, kodwa ukuqinisekisa ukuba oku, kufuneka uqhagamshelane neengcali. Ezinye iintsana nje ziqhekeza eli nqanaba kwaye ngokukhawuleza ziqale ukuhamba kufuphi nonyaka, iintsana ezisanda kuzalwa ziqala ukukhahlela kwiinyanga ezili-10-11.
Indlela yokuphuhlisa umntwana kwiinyanga ezili-8?
Abazali bafanele bazi indlela yokukhulisa umntwana ezinyangeni eziyi-8 ukuphucula izakhono zakhe, ukuphuhlisa ezintsha, ukukunceda ukulolonga ubuntu. Umntwana kwisithuba seenyanga ezi-8 kufuneka ukuba anikezele rhoqo ulwazi olutsha, athatha ngokuzonwabisa kwaye athathe. Khumbula ukuba kule minyaka, abantwana bakopha izenzo kunye namazwi abazali, ngoko kufuneka uhlole yonke into oyithethayo kwaye uyayenza.
Amathoyizi kubantwana kwiinyanga ezili-8
Umntwana oneminyaka elinesibhozo enomdla kwaye inzuzo iya kudlala kunye namathoyizi anjalo:
- iibhola zerabha zamanani ahlukeneyo;
- isando esinomthi;
- ipiramidi encinci eneesongo;
- iipiramidi-iikomityi;
- iincwadi ezithambileyo;
- i-sorters elula kunye nezimbobo ezinkulu;
- ibhokisi yeplastiki ebonakalayo, apho ungayifaka khona iithayi ezahlukeneyo;
- izikhwama zamathambo kunye nezityalo ezihlukeneyo.
- izixhobo zomculo ezilula - iingqungquthela, iindlovu, iibhobhodi, iintsimbi;
- bathetha iidyski;
- idodoli kunye neemoto.
Iiklasi zabantwana 8 iinyanga
Ukongeza kwiiklasi kunye nokuphuhlisa amathoyizi, iincwadi zokufunda, iingoma zokucula, le midlalo kunye nabantwana inokusetyenziswa kwiinyanga ezili-8:
- ladushki;
- ukufihla kunye nokufuna (umzekelo, ukuphosa umntwana, uze ufike phezu kwakho ngomkhonto wokukhanya, i-diaper);
- "Khangela umdlalo" - ubeka ithoyizi ethile kwi-foil, iphepha eligqithisayo, mema umntwana ukuba avule;
- "Ndiza kubamba, bamba!" - ukukhwabanisa ukunyuka komntwana okhulayo, ukummisela ukuba ahambe ngokukhawuleza;
- "Bonisa apho" -kubuza i-crumb, umcele ukuba abonise iingxenye zobuso, izinto egumbini, amathoyizi, eqinisekisa ukuchaneka kwezenzo zakhe ngegama elithi "lokwenyaniso".