I-Thymus gland kubantwana (kwisiLatini thymus) iyilungu eliphambili le-immunogenesis, elitholakala emva kwe-sternum kwaye liqukethe i-lobes ezimbini ehlukaniswe i-fiber evulekile. Ibhunga elincinci nelingabonakaliyo ekuqalekeni lidlala indima ebalulekileyo emzimbeni womntwana. Osemncinci umntwana, ngakumbi i-thymus gland isebenza ngokunyanisekileyo, ikhula kwaye iqeqeshwe ekhethekileyo yamaseli omzimba - i-lymphocytes. Emva kokuqeqeshwa kwi-thymus, okubizwa ngokuba yi-T-lymphocytes bayakwazi ukukhusela umzimba wabantwana kwiintshaba ezincinci, ukukhupha izifo kunye nokuhlakulela umzimba. Umsebenzi walo mzimba unobuthathaka kwiminyaka eyi-12, xa amandla omkhuseli emntwaneni engaphantsi okanye angaphantsi, kwaye sele sele egugile kwindawo ye-thymus kukho kuphela ihlunu elincinci le-adipose tissue. Oku kuchaza ukuba abantu abadala bakunzima ukunyamezela izifo ezisemngciphekweni zobuntwaneni - imasisi, inkukhu, i-rubella, njl.
Ngokuqhelekileyo kwiintsana, ukukhubazeka kokwandiswa kwe-thymus gland kufumaneka - i-thymomegaly. Ukuba nobukhulu obukhulu kunesiqhelo, i-thymus ingenzi kakuhle ngomsebenzi wayo, ukwenzela ukuba kwixesha elizayo umntwana abe nezifo ezibi. Le ngxaki inokukhokelela kuzo zombini izifo zabantwana, kunye nezinto zangaphandle ezichaphazela umzimba. Ngokuqhelekileyo esi sifo sikhula kubantwana abancinci ngenxa yokukhulelwa kwezifo, oomama abanezifo ezithathelwanayo okanye ukukhulelwa kwexesha elide.
Ukwandisa i-thymus gland kubantwana - iimpawu zesifo
- ubunzima bomntwana buninzi ngaphezu kwesiqhelo;
- kukho ukwanda kuzo zonke i-lymph nodes, kunye ne-adenoids, i-tonsils, iiscupu kwi-posterior surface of pharynx;
- ukungaqhelekanga kophuhliso lwabantwana;
- intliziyo yeengxaki zesifo;
- hypotension, hyperhidrosis;
- kumakhwenkwe-phimosis, cryptorchidism;
- kumantombazana - i-hypoplasia yezesondo.
Unyango ngokunyusa i-thymus gland kubantwana
Njengomthetho, i-thymus eyandisiweyo kubantwana abaneminyaka engaphantsi kweminyaka emibini ibonwa njengesiqhelo kwaye ayifuni unyango. Le nto ingaba yinkalo ye-anatomical yomntwana, ingakumbi ukuba yazalwa inkulu ngokwaneleyo. Kule meko, umntwana kufuneka abe phantsi kweliso lugqirha, kwaye abazali kufuneka badale imimiselo ethile kuye. Akunzima kakhulu, gcina ulawulo lwaloo mini. Okokuqala, umntwana kufuneka afumane ukulala ngokwaneleyo. Ngokungathandabuzekiyo, umntwana kufuneka ahambe ngokuqhelekileyo emoyeni omtsha kunye nokutya okuqinisekisiwe, kodwa ngaphandle kokutya okungadingekile. Kwakhona, thintela ukunxibelelana nabantwana abagulayo, ngokukodwa ekugqibeleni kwexesha le-ARVI.
Hyperplasia ye thymus gland
Esinye isifo se-thymus gland kubantwana si-hyperplasia. Esi sifo sihamba kunye nokusabalala kweeseli kwingqondo kunye nenxalenye ye-thymus, kunye nokubunjwa kwe-neoplasms, ngelixa i-thymus gland emntwaneni ingenakwandiswa.
Iimpawu ze-thymus hyperplasia kubantwana
- ukuhluleka kwezintso;
- owomileyo, ukukhangela kwesikhumba;
- ukuvutha kwamadenoids kunye neetoni;
- i-lymph nodes;
- i-edema yamaphepha aphezulu naphantsi;
- inzuzo;
- Kwezinye iimeko, ukwanda kwe-thymus gland;
- ukuphefumula.
Unyango lwe-thymus hyperplasia kubantwana
Ngonyango olulondolozayo lwe-hyperplasia ye-thymic, umntwana u-corticosteroids anqunywe, kunye nokutya okhethekileyo. Kwezinye iimeko, kunokubakho isidingo sokungenelela, apho i-thymus gland isuswe khona-thaeectomy. Emva kwayo yonke inkqubo umntwana ufuna ulawulo lwengonyango rhoqo. Ukuba i-hypoplasia ye-thymus kumntwana ayinayo imbonakaliso yeklinikhi, kwiimeko ezinjalo akudingi ukuba kungenelelo oluthile lwezonyango, ngaphandle kokubonwa ngentsholongwane.