Ukuguga kunokuba kuhluke: abanye abantu abadala banobuchule kwaye bavelise ukuphefumula kokugqibela, abanye batshintsha ngaphaya kokuqaphela. I-Marasmus ayiyiyo i-pathology engapheliyo kwihlabathi lamanje, izisa ubunzima obuninzi kumntu ofayo kwaye uninzi lwabo bonke abantu abasondeleyo.
Yintoni ihlazo?
I-Marasmus yinkqubo yesifo se-pathological process of degradation of processes of psychophysical processes, ukuphela kwemisebenzi yolwazi. Ihamba kunye ne-brain atrophy, utshintsho olungenakuguquka kwiimbophu kunye namalungu omntu. Phakathi koogqirha, eso sifo sinalo igama eliqhelekileyo "elomileyo", ebonisa inkqubo eqhubekayo yokudinwa kunye nokwenyuka. Ingxaki iqala kancane, iqela elijongene nobungozi - abantu abaneminyaka engama-60 ubudala. I-Marasmus iindidi ezininzi:
- presenilny (ngaphambi kwexesha, eyaziwayo);
- senile (senile);
- ukutya (kubantwana nakubantu abadala, ngenxa yokungenayo okwaneleyo kwiprotheni emzimbeni)
Yiyiphi i-senility senility?
Ubuqhetseba obudala ngumgangatho wokugqibela kunye ongenakuphelelwa yintsholongwane yokugula komntu okanye ukugula komzimba. Ukuxilongwa kwenziwa kuphela emva kweminyaka engama-60, ukuphindaphinda kwesi sifo kuphezulu ukusuka kwi-10 ukuya kwi-35% kuzo zonke iimeko zengxaki zeengqondo. Ukungaqiniseki kwemisebenzi yengqondo ekudemeni kwengqondo kubandakanya inkqubo yesifo kwaye kwenza kube nzima ukunyanga. Izixhobo zobungqiqo besifazane:
- livela ngamaxesha aphindwe kabini ngaphezu kwamadoda;
- Iimpawu zichazwe ngakumbi;
- izifo eziphambeneyo.
Marasmus womntu:
- Ukuthinteka okufutshane ngenxa yokulinda ixesha elifutshane lokuphila xa kuthelekiswa nesiqingatha sesetyhini;
- ukuphulwa kwentuthuko;
- ukuxhatshazwa ngokwesini kunye nokunyuka okukhulu.
Iimbangela ze-senile senility
I-Marasmus phakathi kwabantu asebekhulile ibonakala ngakumbi, xa kumazwe ahlukeneyo kwiminyaka emininzi kwakukho imimandla yabantu. I-predominance yeqela elikhulile labantu libonisa ngokucacileyo ukuba ingqondo yinto eqhelekileyo efuna ukuphuhliswa kweenkqubo zentlalo kunye nempilo eza kunceda abantu, xa iinqwelo zokuqala eziphazamisayo ziza, ziqale ukuthatha amanyathelo okunciphisa iinkqubo ezibhubhisayo.
Iimbangela ze-senen senility:
- Isifo se- Marasmus nesi- Alzheimer- ubuhlobo obusondeleyo phakathi kwesifo se-neurogenic efunyenwe ngu-Alzheimer kunye nokubonakala kwe-marasmus kwaqinisekiswa emva ko-1910.
- I-Genetic predisposition.
- Izifo zeSomatic (i-pathologies ye-cardiovascular system: i-atherosclerosis, i-hypertension).
- Oncology.
- Iiprotonti ze-Prion - iiprotheyini zangaphandle zezilwanyana, ezivela ekudleni zingangenelela kwinkqubo yesantya yomntu kwaye ziyichithe kunye ne-immune system.
- Ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi ze-psychotropic.
- Isifo sikaPick.
I-Stasis - iimpawu kunye nonyango
Ubuchopho obudala bubuhlungu obunzima be-multi-organ pathology, okuphela kokuphela kwesifo sengqondo somntu . Kwiminyaka emininzi isidalwa senziwa phantsi kweenguqu ezinobungozi, kwaye i-marasmus yimeko enzulu kakhulu kunye neempawu ezibonakalayo. Utyando lwe-dementia ephezulu aluzuzi iziphumo kwaye lujoliswe ekunciphiseni imeko yesigulane, ngoko kubalulekile ukudibana nodokotela kwiimpawu zokuqala zesifo.
Iimpawu ze-Senile senility
Ngoobani abo bahlaseli boluhlu kuluntu bayazi kakhulu, ngenxa yentsholongwane ephezulu yesifo. Esi sifo sibonakalisa kuyo yonke "ubuhle" bayo emva kweminyaka engama-60. Ukubonakaliswa kwangaphambili - kunobungozi bokugqithisa kunye nazo zonke iimpawu zikhula ngesivinini sombane, ukuvela emva koko kusivumela ukuba sicinge ukuba utshintsho oluqhubekayo luqhubeka ixesha elide. Izimpawu zeMarasmus:
- ukunyanzeliswa kweempawu ezingalunganga zomlingisi (umrhaba uba ngumntu onobuhlungu, ukunyaniseka kubakho ukungazinzi ngokupheleleyo);
- ukwanda kwe-egocentrism - kukho imfuno ekhulayo yokulawula yonke into;
- Abasetyhini bahlakulela ukuphazamiseka kweengxaki (bayakhalaza ukuba bafuna ukutyhafa okanye ukuphanga izihlobo zabo);
- Ukunganakwa kunye nokunyanzela abanye;
- kukho umnqweno wokuhamba ngeendawo zokulahlwa kwemfucumfucu kunye nezindlu zokugcina izithuthi ezilethwe ngotshwala;
- ukutya okungalawulwayo;
- iziphazamiso zeememori (imihla, imicimbi, ukuqaphela - ichithwe kwimemori);
- ukuphazamiseka kwisithuba;
- cachexia - ukugqithisa okukhulu.
Indlela yokuphatha isisindo senile?
I-Marazmatik ngumntu oswele ukunyamekela, ukunakekelwa kunye unyango. Imeko ebalulekileyo kukubonelelwa kolawulo:
- epholile, eyaziwayo kwaye eyaziwayo kwindawo yokugula (akukhuthazwa ukuba athuthe umntu ukuba angaqhelekanga, nangona iimeko eziphilileyo zokuphila);
- ukukhuthazwa kwemisebenzi yomzimba (ukuthatha inxaxheba ekucoceni, ukupheka, imisebenzi yasekhaya elula);
- ubuthongo bemini;
- umdibaniso uhamba kunye nesigulane epakini;
- ukungenisa iprotheni, i-micronutrient kunye ne-vitamin yokutya (intlanzi, imifuno, imifino, iziqhamo).
Ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi ngokugqithiseleyo kuphawulekayo kwaye kuhloswe ukunyanga kwesifo esisisiseko:
- I-neuroprotectors - i-nootropil, i-mexidol, i-cinnarezin.
- Abaphikisi be-calcium - i-verapamil, i-cerebrolysin, i-dilhart.
- I-Anti-depressants - azafen, tryptophan, amalungiselelo asekelwe kwi-wort yaseYt. John.
- I-Antipsychotics - i-clozapine, i-haloperidol, i-dicarbine.
Ubungqiqo obudala - kufuneka ukuba izihlobo zithini?
I-marasmatic ngumntu oswele ukunakekelwa ngononophelo, ukunakekelwa nokuqwalaselwa. Kwimigxa yentsapho inomthwalo omkhulu, ofuna ukunyamekela ngokomzimba, ukuziphatha nokunyamezela. Yintoni enokuyenza kwiintsapho ukuba umhlobo wabo uwile kwi-marasmus, iingcebiso:
- ukudala induduzo;
- Iikiti zokuqala zokuncedisa, ukusika, ukubetha izinto - ukuzisusa kwiindawo ezingenakufikeleleka;
- ukulawulwa kweemveliso zonyango;
- ukuthenga isongo apho uluphi ulwazi malunga nesigulane esineengxaki ze-marasmus (igama, iminyaka, idilesi nenombolo yocingo yesihlobo) kuya kubhalwa;
- xhoma imiyalelo yesigulane kulo lonke igumbi;
- ukunyamekela intando;
- Ukuba uyasichukumisa isigulane kakhulu, khumbula ukuba xa wayebe ngumthandayo owaba "ngumntwana";
- unyango lwezondlo zesigulane kwi-psychologist luya kunceda ukubona imeko ngokukhanya okuhlukile.