Ukuthengwa kwetomometer kunye neziyobisi kuluhlu oluvela kwi-cardiologist de kutshanje lubonwa njengabaninzi abahlala phantsi. Ngoku izidakamizwa ukunciphisa uxinzelelo lwegazi okanye iipilisi, ukunyuka kwengcinezelo, baninzi banomdla kubafundi abatsha abaphumelele kwizikolo zaseYunivesithi.
Iimpawu zexinzelelo eliphezulu nezantsi
Ezi ngxaki aziqhelwanga, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha izigulane zidibanisa iimpawu zonyango ophezulu kunye nezantsi, okuyingozi kakhulu ngexesha lokunakekelwa esibhedlele. Zomibini iziqulatho zibonakaliswe ziintsholongwane ezikwindawo ye-occipital yentloko. Olunye uphawu lweklasi luyehla ekushiseni kweelungu. Ngoko ke, ngaphambi kokuba uthathe ipilisi kwingcinezelo ephakanyiswe ngumhlobo, kufuneka udibane nodokotela okanye ubuncinane usebenzisa i tonometer .
Iimpawu zengcinezelo yomshukela
Ixabiso lee-150/30 iimitha zamamitha (abadala / abantwana) ithathwa njengophakamileyo. Kwezinye iimeko, ingxaki ibonwa kuphela kwi-inspection elandelayo, kodwa ngokuphindaphindiweyo ihamba kunye nale miqondiso yolu xinzelelo lwegazi:
- nexhala;
- intloko;
- ungakhathazeki entliziyweni;
- intliziyo engalinganiyo;
- isicefe
- mnyama emehlweni;
- ukujuluka okukhulu;
- ukukhawuleza kwegazi ebusweni bobuso ngezandla ezibandayo;
- ukuphefumula okufutshane;
- ukuvuvukala.
Iimpawu zoxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi
Amachiza asemthethweni afumana izibonakaliso eziphazamisayo ngaphantsi kwama-100/60 millimeters ye-mercury, kodwa ezinye iingcali zikholelwa ukuba amanye amanani ayithethi nto. Ngempilweni enempilo, umntu akufanele acinge nge-hypotension, ngenxa yoko, ngokuthatha ipilisi kwixinzelelo, iimpawu eziphazamisayo zengcinezelo ephantsi zifunekayo:
- intlungu kwindawo yesipiliti yentloko;
- Ubuthathaka obuninzi, ukunyaniseka, i-malaise;
- ukuhlanza kunye nesiphithiphithi;
- ukungcola , ngakumbi xa uvuka ngokukhawuleza ukusuka embhedeni;
- ukungabi nomoya;
- ukukhupha okuphezulu, ukuphefumula okufutshane kunye nokukhathala.
Iibhulile zokumisela ukunyanzeliswa kwengcinezelo
Iziyobisi ezilawula lo mqondiso wezempilo zihlulwa ngokwelo hlobo lokungcola. Kwinqanaba ngalinye, iziyobisi ziyahlukana ngamandla, kwaye iipilisi eziqhelekileyo zineengcinezelo, ziyakwazi kuphela ukunika ugqirha. Olunye uhlobo olunokubangela ukumangalisa luyi-recommendation ye-tablet enye ukunciphisa uxinzelelo, kodwa uluhlu luphela. Oku kungenxa yesidingo somgaqo odibeneyo wokulungiswa okufanelekileyo kwimeko, ngoko awukwazi ukukhangela nayiphi na iyeza ngokwakho, uphulaphula isicwangciso sonyango.
Amacwecwe aphezulu
- Beta-adrenoblockers - Kon-Kor, Metoprolol, Egilok, Talinolol, Coriol, Acebutolol, Nebivolol. Ukunciphisa amandla kunye ne-pulse rate, kodwa zichasene kwizifo zamaphaphu.
- Abaphikisi beCalcium - i-Nifedepine, iCinnarizine, i-Stanlo, iKordafen, i-Verapamil, i-Isoptin, i-Nimotop, i-Corinfar, i-Amlodipine, i-Phenigidine. Ezi macwecwe ukuphucula uxinzelelo lokuphucula imisipha epholileyo kunye nemikhumbi ye-coronary, ukunciphisa izinga lentliziyo kunye nokunyusa iinqanawa zengqondo.
- I-myotropic antispasmodics - Papaverin, Spazmalgon, No-shpa, Drotaverin, Dibazol, Galidor, i-Magnesium sulfate, i-Papazol. Ukukhusela ukungena kwe-calcium kwisisele, ukunciphisa uxinzelelo kwaye uphumule iimfudu ezihamba kakuhle zesigxina.
- I-Nitrate - Isoket, i-Nitroglycerin, i-Sustak, i-Erinit, iNitrogen, i-Perlingant, i-Sustonite, i-Nitrosorbide, iCardicet, iNitro-5. Ezi zonyango zimiselwe ukwanda kwe-angina ekupheliseni ukuhlaselwa kwe-angina okanye emva kokuhlaselwa kwentliziyo, kuba banciphisa kakhulu ithoni yeemvini kunye nomsebenzi wentliziyo.
- I-Alpha-blockers - uBenzohexonium, iArfonade, i-Ebrantil, iFentolamine. Zinamandla okunciphisa uxinzelelo lwegazi, kodwa azinasetyenziselwa i-pathologies ye-heart and glaucoma.
- I-Sympatholytics - I-Reserpine, i-Raunatin, i-Isobarin, iRusedin, i-Octadin, i-Adelfan, i-Rauvazan, i-Antipres. Ukukhawuleza ukutshatyalaliswa kwe-norepinephrine, ukususa impembelelo yenkqubo yeentlungu. Musa ukusebenzisa izilonda kunye ne-gastritis. Iipilisi ezinjalo ezinexinzelelo lwengqondo kwiinkqubo zonyango zanamhlanje azisetyenziswa rhoqo.
- Diuretics - Lasix , Hypothiazide, Ureit, Furosemide, Trifas. Gqugquzela ukuphuma kwe-ion e-fluid kunye ne-sodium, ekhokelela ekuhlahleni kwegazi.
- I-alpha-stimulants yase-Central- Methyldofa, iDopegit, iClonidine, i-Hemiton, iPhysiotens, iClofelin. Umsebenzi ocinezelayo wesistim se-nervousity catshiswa, kodwa ukulala nokubuthathaka kubonakala. Uphando olutsha lubonise ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwexesha elide kwezilwanyana zeli qela kungabangela isifo se-Alzheimer's disease.
- ACE inhibitors - Renitek, Enam, Lizinopril, Kaptopres, Amripil, Captopril, Tritace, Enalapril, Enap. Ukunciphisa ukuveliswa kwe-angiotensin 2, ibonakaliswe ngempembelelo emnene kwaye ilula ngokulula.
- Sartany - Lozal, Mikardis, Valsakor, iKarososal, Umcebisi. Benza ngokufanayo kwimichiza yeqela elidlulileyo, phantse akuchaphazeli ukusebenza kwentliziyo.
Iipilisi ezincinci
Iimpawu ezingezantsi kweso siqhelo zifuna ukulungiswa, kuba oku kuthetha ukuphucula ithoni yeenqanawa zomnxeba. Iibhulethi zokunyusa uxinzelelo zihlukaniswe ngamaqela alandelayo:
- i-glycosides ye-cardiac - i-Digoxin, i-Celanide, i-Strophantine;
- adrenomimetics - Norepinephrine, Gutron, iMetazone;
- sympathomimetics - ephedrine.
Iipilisi ezisuka kwingcinezelo ngaphandle kwemiphumo emibi
Amayeza amaninzi anempembelelo enamandla emzimbeni, kungekhona kuphela ukuphelisa ingxaki, kodwa inokulimaza nezinye iistim. Iziyobisi ezibangelwa ingcinezelo ngaphandle kwemiphumo emibi kwiyeza zisaziwa, kwaye ukungenwa okungalawulwayo kwemithi ye-herbal decoctions inokulimaza. Ukuphuhliswa kwamacwecwe amacandelo amancinci kwimiphumo engathandekiyo ihlala iqhubeka, ngokunjalo imishanguzo yanamhlanje yokulungisa le ngcaciso ikhuselekile.
Iziyobisi ezivela kwi-New Generation Pressure-List
Iindlela ezininzi zanamhlanje:
- I-Indapamide - i-diuretic, isusa i-ioni ye-sodium, iyanciphisa uxinzelelo, kwisigaba sokuqala somfutho wexinzelelo usetyenziswe kwi-monotherapy, kamva ixhaswa ngamanye amayeza ukusuka kwingcinezelo.
- Hydrochlorothiazite - isenzo sifana neyeza langaphambili.
- I-Ramipril - i-ACE inhibitor, esetyenziselwa ukunyanga ingozi yexinzelelo, ukuhlaselwa kwentliziyo kunye nokungaphumeleli kwentliziyo, kunciphisa amathuba okuba nesifo senhliziyo kwisifo sikashukela.
- I-Perindopril- inqanda ukuveliswa kwe-angiotensin 2, ine-vasodilator kunye nefuthe le-diuretic, iyanciphisa uxinzelelo lwegazi.
- I-Bisoprolol- beta-adrenoblocker, inciphisa izinga lentliziyo kunye nomthwalo wentliziyo, imiselwe ukonyango lwexinzelelo.
- I-Carvedipol ibhejiki ye-beta, yenza okufanayo kwiipilisi zangaphambilini ezichasene nokunyanzeliswa kwaye zinciphisa iirriyiti.
- I-Felodipine - i-blocker yamashaneli e-calcium, iyanciphisa iirriyiti, iyanciphisa uxinzelelo kunye nomthwalo wentliziyo, inciphisa umngcipheko wesifo, isifo senhliziyo kunye neengxaki zeengso.
Unokumisela njani utyinzelelo ngaphandle kweyeza?
Iingcebiso malunga nendlela yokumisela utyinzelelo ziya kusebenza kwinqanaba lokuqala kwaye uncede kwimeko enokunyanzelwanga njengendlela eyongezelelweyo. Xa i-hypotension iyinqwenelekayo:
- ukulala ii-8-9 iiyure ngosuku, ukuba kunokwenzeka, ukulala emini;
- ukubonakala kwemisebenzi eyenziwa ngumzimba - imidlalo, i-gymnastics yasekuseni;
- ukutya okunempilo;
- isilwa esinzima kwaye sihluke;
- ukunyuka ngokukodwa ukusuka kwibhedeni kunye nokusebenza okukhanya kwindawo ephakamileyo.
Amanyathelo alandelayo asebenzayo kwizigulana eziphezulu:
- ukulahleka kwesisindo esaneleyo kunye nokugqitha;
- Ukunciphisa ityuwa yetyuwa, iswekile, ikhofi, iimveliso zokutshaya, ukutya okunamafutha kunye nokutya okukhawulezayo ekudleni;
- ukufakwa kwimenyu iklabishi, intlanzi, iibhanana, igalikhi kunye neerinki;
- ihamba rhoqo emoyeni ovulekile;
- imisebenzi ebonakalayo evunyelwe ngugqirha.