Iipilisi zamakhanda entloko zingenye yezobisi ezihlala zihlala kwisifuba samachiza asekhaya, kwaye abanye abafazi bawagcina esikhwameni. Kule meko, akubona bonke abacinga ukuba intlungu entloko ingaba nemvelaphi eyahlukileyo, kwaye i-analgesic imele ikhethwe ngokuqwalasela imbangela yokungahambi kahle.
Kutheni i intloko yam ihlungu?
Zonke izizathu zentloko ziya kuhlulwa zibe ngamaqela amakhulu amabini:
- eziphambili - ukuba kunokwenzeka ukuhlukanisa izinto ezichukumisayo kuphela, kwaye isizathu sangaphakathi asicaci;
- ezisekondari (izibonakaliso) - xa kukho isifo esibalulekileyo, esinye sezibonakaliso zentlungu yalo ndawo.
Kwiqela leentlungu ezisisiseko entloko inentlungu yokuxhatshazwa, ebonakaliswa ngumbonelo, indawo ephakathi ezimbini, ukukhanya okulula okanye okulinganiselayo. Iimvakalelo ezinjalo zisoloko zibonisa ukuba zixineke, zibuhlungu, zinokukhupha izinto ezinjalo:
- ngophaya kwengqondo;
- ukungabikho okanye ukulala;
- i-muscular overstrain;
- ezibonakalayo.
Uhlobo lwesibini lu-migraine, olubonakaliswa yintlungu ephakathi kunye kunye neempawu ezithile ezihamba kunye (iimfucumfucu, ukuhlanza, ukuvakalelwa kwezandi, ukukhanya, ukuvumba). Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukuhlaselwa kwe-migraine kuphazamisa amaxesha angama-2-3 ngenyanga, kwaye banokucaphukiswa ngolo hlobo:
- uxinzelelo;
- ukutya, utywala, ikhofi;
- utshintsho lwezulu;
- Umlenze uphephe;
- ngophaya komzimba.
Izizathu eziqhelekileyo zentloko yesibini ziimeko ezinjalo zesifo somzimba:
- nemiphumo ye-craniocereberal trauma;
- ukuguquka kwegazi;
- i-cerebral atherosclerosis;
- neurocirculatory dystonia;
- osteochondrosis yomlomo wesibeleko;
- ulwahlulo lwe-temporomandibular;
- ukuxiliswa komzimba;
- ENT izifo;
- ubuhlungu beengqondo;
- i-meningitis;
- encephalitis;
- iingxaki zehomoni.
Kuthekani ukuba intloko yam ibuhlungu?
Kuyinto elula kakhulu kwaye kulula kakhulu ukuyeka isikhashana intloko ukuba uthathe iziyobisi kwi-shishini lezobisi. Kubalulekile ukuba ukhumbule ukuba akuzona zonke iilwimi zentlungu ezikunceda ukuphelisa imbangela ye-malaise. Oogqirha bayalumkisa: Ukuba umntu ngaphezulu kweyesibini ngeveki kufuneka athathe iipilisi zentloko, kwaye ukukhathazeka kukuphazamisa ukusebenza kunye nokusebenza ngokuqhelekileyo, oku kufuneka kube yeso sizathu sofowuni oluphuthumayo kumgqirha.
Ngokuxhomekeka kwizinto ezibangelwa ukuvalelwa, ingcali iza kukwazi ukucetyisa ukuba iipilisi ziza kusela ntoni kwi-headache kuhlaselo olulandelayo. Xa ukuxilongwa kwenziwe, uhlobo lwentlungu, indawo yalo, ukuhlaziywa kwexesha, kunye nobude kubalulekile. Ukuze ufumane izizathu, ngokuqhelekileyo ezo zixhobo zokuxilonga njenge-MRT yengqondo, ukulandelelana kweengcambu zomlomo wesibeletho, i-ultrasound yeempahla zentloko nentamo zidlalwa.
Iintlobo zee-painkillers
Amacwecwe avela entloko, uluhlu olucetywayo kuwo nayiphi na ikhemisi, oluhlaba umxhwele ngokungahambisani nalo, alukwazi ukudala ukudideka kwisigulane kude neyeza. Ubuncinane ngokwemigangatho ngokubanzi ukuqonda ukuba yiziphi iipilisi ezisuka kwi-headache episodic kuyinto engqiqweni yokusebenzisa kule nto okanye loo mzekelo, makhe siqwalasele iindidi eziphambili ze-analgesics, ezahlukileyo kwiindidi zamacandelo asebenzayo.
Izidakamizwa ezichasene nezidakamizwa
Izidakamizwa ezingekho-steroidal ezichasene nezidakamizwa zingabizwa ngokuba yiziyobisi ezisetyenziswa kakhulu kakhulu, ezisetyenzisiweyo nje kuphela ekupheliseni ukuvakalelwa kweentlobo ezahlukeneyo zesini. Ezi zi yobisi ziyakwazi ukunika ingcinezelo yokuphendula okuvuthayo kunye nokunciphisa izinga lokushisa lomzimba oluphezulu kunye neenkqubo ezahlukeneyo zezilwanyana. Oku kufezekiswa ngokunciphisa isenzo se-cyclooxygenase enzyme esinoxanduva lokubangela zonke ezi nkqubo.
Eli qela libandakanya ezo ziyobisi:
- Ibuprofen;
- Indomethacin ;
- Analgin;
- Aspirin;
- Diclofenac;
- Cepoprofen;
- Naproxen.
Ngenxa yempembelelo engalunganga yale macwecwe kwiindonga zesondlo sesisu, ziyacetyiswa ukuba zidle emva kokutya. Intlungu yombulali ifumaneka emva kweeyure ezingama-0.5-2 kwaye ihlala malunga neeyure ezingama-4 ukuya ku-6. Xa uthatha izidakamizwa ezingekho-steroidal ezichasayo, kufuneka zithathwe ingqalelo ukuba zinokukhupha ukuphaphaza kwangaphakathi, kunye nokungena ngokufanelekileyo-kubangele umonakalo wesibindi.
I-Spasmolytics yentloko
I-myotropic antispasmodics ngamachiza anokususa i-tone ye-vascular. Ezi zonyango zicetyiswa ukuba zisetyenziswe xa intlungu ekhanda ibangelwa ingqondo ye-vascular spasmodic. Ezi pilisi ziyasebenza kwi-migraine kunye neentloko ezinxulumene nexinzelelo lwegazi, i-osteochondrosis, uxinzelelo, ukugqithisa.
Siluhlu lwabameli beli qela lamachiza e-analgesic:
- Drotaverine ;
- Papaverine;
- Dibazol;
- Cinnarizine ;
- IMidsummer.
Isiphumo emva kokusetyenziswa kwe-spasmolytic kulindeleke emva kwemizuzu eyi-15-20. Ezi zilapha zilapha zingenakuthathwa kunye nokuphulwa okukhulu kwiibindi, izintso, intliziyo, i-glaucoma kunye ne-hypotension. Ukongeza, kufuneka ucinge ukuba ngaphandle kokutshaya, kukho ukwehla kobuchule be-antispasmodics, ngoko kungcono ukunqanda le mkhuba kwaye uzikhusele ekutshayeleni.
Uhlalutyo lweentloko
Iingcali ze-narcotic ze-narcotic ziyizidakamizwa ezingakwazi ukuphelisa intlungu okanye ukunciphisa ubunzima bayo ngokunciphisa ukukhutshulwa kwesikhungo esibuhlungu besithintelo, ukukhulisa umda weentlungu zentlupheko kunye nokuvimbela ukuveliswa kwabalamli be-prostaglandin ukuvuvukala. Ngenxa yale nto, la mayeza aqhubeka anika iziphumo ezichasayo kunye ne-antipyretic.
Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zee-analgesics ezingenayo i-narcotic, ezibandakanya ezininzi iipilisi zamakhanda ezihlukileyo ngohlobo lwezinto ezisetyenziswayo (ezinye zazo zingezantsi kweqela lezilwanyana ezingenalo i-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs):
- iziphumo ze-salicylic acid (Aspirin, salicylate ye-sodium);
- iimveliso ze pyrazolone (Analgin, Butadion, Amidopyrin);
- izixhobo ze-aniline (phénacetin, paracetamol);
- iziphumo ze-alkanoic acid (Ibuprofen, Diclofenac, Flurbiprofen);
- i-anthranilic acid derivatives (i-mefenamic ne-flufenamic acid);
- Okunye (iDimexide, Piroxicam, Chlotazol).
Kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo ukuba zonke iziyobisi-analgesics ngokwezinga elithile zinempahla engalunganga yomzimba, eyona nto iphambili:
- i-allergenic;
- i-nephro- ne-hepatotoxicity;
- ulcerogenicity (ikhono lokubangela izilonda kwiimbrane ezinamaqabunga).
Iipilisi eziphezulu zentloko
Kufuneka kuqondwe ukuba ukuze ukhethe amacwecwe angabonakaliyo kodwa asebenzayo entloko, akufuneki ugxininise kumagama oshishino ngamachiza, kodwa kwiimichiza ezenza ukubunjwa kwazo. Izixhobo ezininzi zinemifanekiso eninzi eneempawu ezifanayo. Fumana iipilisi ezingcono zeentloko, ezifanele wonke umntu, akunakwenzeka, kuba umzimba womntu ngamnye uyedwa, kwaye izizathu zentlungu zihlukile. Cinga ngezinye izidakamizwa ezidumiweyo ezivame ukucelwa kwii-pharmacy.
IParacetamol yintloko
Ezi pilisi ezingaphantsi kweentloko zahlelwa njengeqela lezidakamizwa ezingekho-steroidal ezichasayo, kodwa ke iingcali zizimisele ukuba umphumo wokuchasana awubalulekanga. Ngexesha elifanayo, iipropati ze-analgesic kunye ne-antipyretic zamacwecwe ziphawulekayo, kwaye nangona kunjalo ukulungiswa kubonakaliswe ukhuseleko oluhambelana nokunyamezeleka. Ukuqala kwesenzo kugqitywa emva kwesigama seyure emva kokulawulwa, umlinganiselo omnye we-500-1000 mg.
Citramon kusuka entloko
Ezi zibhebhethi ze-analgesic zentloko zinezinto ezidibanisiweyo apho izixhobo ezisebenzayo zi:
- I-acetylsalicylic acid - ikhulula intlungu kunye nomkhuhlane, iphelisa ukuvutha, ihlaziye igazi;
- i-paracetamol - inciphisa intlungu, iyanciphisa ubushushu;
- i-caffeine-ivuselela inkqubo ye-nervous central, iyanciphisa imithana yegazi.
Kunconywa ukusebenzisa la macwecwe xa kwenzeka uxinzelelo lweentloko, ngokubandezeleka okubangelwa zizifo zesisulu kunye negazi, nezifo ezithathelwanayo, ukunyuka kwengcinezelo enganyanzelekanga. Impembelelo yempendulo ibonakaliswe emva kwemizuzu engama-35-45 emva kokusetyenziswa, idosi enye - iipilisi 1-2.
Spazmalgon kusuka kwintloko
Kulabo bafuna, iipilisi zamakhanda ziyaphumelela kwi-hangovere, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, ngokugqithiseleyo, kuvame ukucetyiswa ukuba ufumane i-Spazmalgon. Esi sidakamizwa sinezixhobo ezintathu ezisebenzayo:
- imithi ye-metamizole ye-sodium-engeyi-steroidal echasayo;
- i-hydrochloride ye-pituopenone-antispasmodic;
- i-fenpiverinia bromide-ine-action-anticholinergic.
I-Spazmalgon isebenza kakuhle kwiintlungu zentlungu ephakathi kunye nephezulu. Emva kokuba uthathe ipilisi, ukuhlaselwa okubuhlungu kunokupheliswa kwimizuzu engama-20. Isisindo esisodwa asifanele sidlule i-tablet ye-1. Leli cilisi alinconywa ukuba lube neentloko ezinxulumene nezifo, ukuphazamiseka kwemisipha ye-cerebral, ukunyuswa kwengcinezelo engaphezulu.
Nyaz kusuka entloko
Into esebenzayo yesilwanyana esicatshulwayo yi-nimesulide, into engeyi-steroidal echasayo. Iyeza liyanciphisa ngokwenene intlungu, ukuphilisa ukuvuvukala, ukunciphisa izinga le-histamine, linempembelelo ye-antithrombotic kunye ne-antioxidant. Ezi mpilisi eziphambili zeepilisi zikhawuleza kwaye zikhuphe ngokusisigxina iingxaki ezingenakuzixhamla, kuquka ezo zidibene ne-osteochondrosis yomlomo wesibeleko. Inqanaba elilodwa eliphakanyisiweyo li-100 mg.
I-Tempalgin yentloko
I-Tempalgin - iipilisi ezinxamnye neentloko kunye neentlungu zesifo sezinye iindawo, kubandakanywa izixhobo ezisebenzayo:
- i-metamizole ye-sodium-engeyi-steroidal anti-inflammatory substance;
- I-Tempidone i-anti-depressant kunye nefuthe elixelisayo.
Ncedisa la mapilisi kwisifo esibuhlungu, xa uphelisa uxhalaba, ukuphazamiseka kwemiba, ukuphelisa ukwesaba. Ukongeza, isichengisi sinceda ukunciphisa uxinzelelo lwegazi. Ngokuqhelekileyo kunconywa ngentlungu ehambelana nokuphendula kwemizwa engalunganga, kunye ne-migraines. Isilinganiso sexesha elilodwa-tablet 1.
Iipilisi ezivela kwintloko yesifo ngexesha lokukhulelwa
Intloko iyimpawu eziqhelekileyo kubasetyhini kuloo meko, kodwa ngenxa yengozi yokuthwala isiqhamo, inzakalo yokumisa igosa eligunyazisiweyo kuphela kwiimeko ezizodwa. Kwi-trimester yokuqala kuyinqweneleka ukulibala ngokupheleleyo malunga ne-painkillers usebenzisa iindlela ezingezizo iziyobisi:
- ukuphumla kwindawo ephelileyo kunye negumbi lokuphuza umoya;
- ulele;
- ukuzihlaziya kweetempile;
- benzisa ukunyanzelisa ubanda.
Masibhale ukuba zeziphi iipilisi zamakhanda ezinokuthi zikhulelwe kwi-2 ne-3rd trimethters kunye nepilisi yeentloko ngexesha lokuncelisa:
- Kodwa-shpa;
- Paracetamol;
- Ibuprofen .