I-virus ye-Zika (ZIKV) ithathwa yizilumko zengqungquthela ye-Aedes, okuhlala kuyo imithi yamanzi enezityalo ezihlambulukileyo. Ingozi enkulu ye-Zika imfiva yileyo ephuma kumama osuleleke kwi-trimester yokuqala yokukhulelwa umntwana osandul 'uzalwa uyaba nomonakalo ophezulu wengqondo - i- microcephaly . Kule nkalo, umcimbi okhethekileyo ngumbuzo: njani isandulela ngculaza yeZico? Simele umbono wezifo ezithintekayo zesifo esisasazekayo malunga neendlela zokudlulisa intsholongwane kaZika.
Iifostile zeZicke zithunyelwa njani kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo?
Usulelo lwentsholongwane ye-Zick ngokusebenzisa umlingo wokuluma
Ekuqaleni, umkhuhlane weZika ujikelezwe kwimeko yesilwanyana, kodwa ngenxa yoko, igciwane eliguquguqukayo lafumana amandla okungena kwiiseli zomzimba womntu. Nangona iithwali zentsholongwane ziyimingcambu ze-Aedes, kodwa izithuthi zaso ziintlobo zeenkawu nabantu. Kwi-insect yegazi, kunye negazi, iifayirasi zingena, ezithumela kumntu onempilo ngokuluma okulandelayo.
Oogqirha bakholelwa ukuba usulelo luyingozi kakhulu kubantu abangahlali kwindawo yokutshisa. Isifo sabo sinzima kakhulu, iimpawu zibhekiselele, kwaye iziphumo ziyingozi. Ngoko, emva kwesifo somkhuhlane, i-Guillain-Barre syndrome ibonakala kwezinye izigulane. Kukho i-malaise ngohlobo lokugubha kwezandla kunye neenyawo, intlungu yokubuya kunye nobuthakathaka be-muscle. Kwiimeko ezinzima, ukuphuhliswa kokuphefumula ukuphefumula kunye nokuphulwa kwentliziyo yesigqi, okukhokelela kwi-pulmonary thromboembolism , ukuphaphazela kwimpumoniya , ukusuleleka kwegazi.
Ukusulelwa kwintsholongwane yesifo sengculaza sikaZick kumama ogulayo
Enye indlela yokudlulisa intsholongwane kumntu kumntu sele ikhankanywe - yintsholongwane ye-intrauterine. Intsholongwane kaZeka ithintela ngokukhawuleza isithintelo se-placental, kwaye umntwana usuleleka. Ngenxa yeziphumo, kwafunyanwa ukuba intsholongwane i-amniotic fluid kunye ne-placenta. Ngokumalunga nemiphumo emibi (kwizigulane ezine-microcephaly kukho ukungahlambuluki kwengqondo, ukungahambi kakuhle kunye nokuphela kwe-idiocy), oogqirha bancomela ukuba abafazi abasebenzisana nomkhuhlane we-Zik banokuphela kokukhulelwa.
Ukutshatyalaliswa ngokwesondo ngo-Zika
Kungekudala kwiphephandaba kukho ulwazi lokuba intsholongwane yeZika idluliselwa kumntu kumntu ngokuqhagamshelana ngesondo. Kukho ubuncinane isiqinisekiso esisisigxina seli qiniso. Umphandi uBrian Fall wayefunda ukusabalala kwe-Zika fever eSenegal kwaye wayelunywa yinambuzane ekhulelwe. Ngexesha elide emva kokubuyela ekhaya, wayeziva ephilileyo, ehamba kunye neempawu zesifo eso.
Emva kokuxilongwa, inzululwazi yafumanisa ukuba umkhuhlane weZika. Emva kwexeshana, iimpawu ezibonakalayo zaphawulwa kumfazi kaBrian Fall, owayengenayo kwindwendwe, kodwa wayenalo isondo esingakhuselekanga nomyeni wakhe.
Ngaba iifiksi zeZi Zik zihanjiswa ngamaconsi?
Ngale ndlela, awukwazi ukusuleleka ngumkhuhlane kaZick. Kwakhona, isifo se-Zika asinasasazwa kwisiqhamo (okanye singatshintshi) kunye nezinye iintlobo zokutya.
Izindlela zokuthintela umkhuhlane weZika
Ukunikezelwa ngeendlela zokusasaza intsholongwane, iindlela ezifanelekileyo zokukhusela i-Zik fever kumazwe atshisayo zi:
- ukufakwa kweenetha zobumnyo kwiifestile;
- ukusetyenziswa kweentengiso (amafutha, ama-creams, aerosols);
- begqoke iimpahla ezibonelela ngokukhusela;
- ukuqinisekisa ukuziphatha ngokwesondo.
Kwinqanaba likarhulumente, amanyathelo okukhusela iziqhaqha ziquka:
- ukupheliswa kweendawo kunye namanzi amaninzi;
- ukuqhutyelwa kweendawo ezenzelwe ukuzonwabisa.