Amaqanda - enye yemithombo yamandulo yamandulo yeeprotheyini efumanekayo, kungekhona kuphela kubantu, kodwa nakwabazali bayo bakude. Zonke iintlobo zamaqanda zifanelekileyo ukusetyenziswa kwabantu. Ukongeza kwinkukhu, iintlanga ezahlukeneyo kwilizwe lokutya zisebenzisa amaqanda:
- izigwaca;
- nciniba;
- i-goose;
- idada;
- amajuba;
- amaqanda amaqabunga.
Ukusabalala kwandala yamaqanda emhlabeni jikelele ngenxa yokuhlanganiswa kwezinto ezimbini - ukulula kwemveliso (emva koko, iinkuku zigijimayo imihla ngemihla, malunga nonyaka) kunye neendlela eziphakamileyo kunye neempawu zondlo.
Ixabiso lentlawulo yenkukhu yamaqanda
Ixabiso eliphezulu lezondlo zeeqanda ngokubanzi, kunye neenkuku ngokukhethekileyo, ngenxa yeqela elikhulu leprotheni yezilwanyana eziphezulu. Iprotheni enokuthi iqukethe zonke i- amino acids eziyimfuneko kumntu, kwi-100 g yeqanda lomkhuhlane i-12.5 grams. Ukongeza kwiiprotheni, i-12 g yamafutha kunye ne-0.5 g ye-carbohydrate nayo iqulethwe ngamaqanda enkukhu.
Ukongezelela, iivithamini kunye neemaminerali eziqulethwe kuyo zibonelela ngexabiso elikhethekileyo londlo lweqanda le inkukhu. Emva koko, le mveliso iqulethe iivithamini ezinjenge-fat-soluble ezibalulekileyo njenge:
- I-vitamin A - kwiqanda elinye liqulethe isiqingatha semihla ngemihla yezinto ezibalulekileyo eziyimfuneko kumbono onzulu, kunye nophuhliso oluqhelekileyo ebuntwaneni (ngenxa yezizathu ezifanelekileyo kuthiwa yi-vitamin yokukhula);
- i-vitamin E-antioxidant yemvelo, inqanda ukuguga, nangona ayikho enkulu kwiqanda - i-5% yemfuno yansuku zonke.
Okubanzi ngokubanzi okumele kuboniswe ngamaqanda enkukhu ngamanzi amavithamini anelulumanzi:
- iivithamini zeqela B - zikhona malunga nesakhiwo esipheleleyo, i-vitamin B2 okanye i-riboflavin, ejongene nempilo kunye nobuhle besikhumba ikwabiwe ngokukhethekileyo - kwiqanda elingu-1 liqukethe i-30% ukusuka kwimfuno yansuku zonke;
- ezininzi kwiqanda kunye ne-vitamin efana ne-cholin, ephucula ubuchule kunye nememori yengqondo, kwiqanda elinye liqulethe isilinganiso semini yesantya;
- eninzi kwiqanda nakwi-biotin, ngaphezu koko le nto, ejongene nempilo nobuhle beenwele, yayiqala ukuba yodwa kwi-yolk yenkukhu yenkukhu.
Ukongezelela, iinkukhu zenkukhu ziqukethe inani elikhulu le-lecithin, ebalulekileyo kwimpilo yesibindi kunye nemithambo yegazi, kunye nokwakheka kobutyebi beemveliso zolu mveliso, kunye nokukhululeka kokufana kwayo, kwenza amaqanda libe yinto ebalulekileyo yokutya nokutya okunomsoco. Oku kuyinyani ngokukhethekileyo kwiqanda elibilisiweyo, ixabiso lezondlo ekuxhomekeke ngexesha lokulungiselela kwalo: elona luncedo ngokubhekiselele kokugaya ukutya kweprotheni, kunye nokukhuselwa kwezinto eziphilayo ezisebenza ngendalo amaqanda atyhidiweyo-abagcina amaninzi amaninzi.
Ixabiso lezondlo zamaqanda ezinquma
Iipropathi zokuphilisa iiqanda zesazi ziyaziwa kumazwe amaninzi. Ngokukodwa, eJapan basebenziselwa njengenxalenye yesondlo sokuvuselela abantwana abasinda kwizigameko zenyukliya. Ngokuqhelekileyo, le mveliso icetyiswa ukutya kwabantwana kunye nezondlo , kwaye nangona amaqanda ezinqanawa aneprotheni encinane kunenkukhu, ixabiso lesondlo leqanda lezilwanyana livame ukuphakama kunelo elinye iqabane. Ziqulethe kakhulu iivithamini A, B1 neB2, kunye ne-magnesium potassium kunye ne-phosphorus kunokuba inkukhu. Ukongezelela, bancitshiswa kakhulu ukuba babe noxanduva lokuphendula.