Oku kuthiwa irayisi yasendle (ngamanye amagama: irayisi yamanzi, irayisi yaseNdiya, i-cinamoni yamanzi) - isityalo sokutya, isityalo semifuno njengengcongolo. Isityalo sisuka eNyakatho Melika, sikhula emanzini anamanzi. Ukususela kumaxesha amandulo, iinkozo zeengcawa ze-tsitsaya ziyingxenye yokutya kwamaNdiya aseMntla-Amerika (isivuno sasiqoqwe ngesandla ngeenqanawa). Iingqolowa zerayisi zasendle zikho ngandlela-thile ezifana neerayisi zeengqolowa, ixesha elide, zibe nombala omnyama obomdaka kunye nombala okhanyayo.
Ukususela ekuqaleni kwawo-1950. Ukulima okubalulekileyo kwesi sityalo kwaqala, kuqala e-USA, ngoko kwiCanada nakwamanye amazwe.
Okwangoku, irayisi yasendle iyisityalo esithandwayo sezolimo, enye yeevenkile ezibiza kakhulu (ukufunwa kwayo kudlula ukubonelela). Ilayisi yezilwanyana ikhulile kwimimandla yamanzi, kwiindawo ezinxweme zamachibi nemifula. I sityalo sinqabileyo kakhulu kwindawo yokulima kunye neemeko zemozulu. Le ngqolowa iyalinywa eRussia, kwakunye nakwamanye amazwe apho izimo zemozulu zivumela.
Ilayisi yasendle (ekulungele ukulungiswa) inomdla obumnandi kunye ne "nutty" shades, iyakuthandwa kakhulu ngabondli bezondlo, abaxhasayo bokutya okunempilo kunye nabalandeli bokutya okusanhlamvu. Izidlo ezininzi zanamhlanje zixhomekeke ekusebenziseni rhoqo le mveliso ephezulu. Irayisi yezilwane zihle kakhulu njenge-dish dish, nazo zifanelekile ukwenza iintlobo zokutya, iisobho, i-saladi kunye needyuli.
Inzuzo kunye nokulimala kwerayisi yasendle
Ngenxa yeempawu zendalo eziqhelekileyo, irayisi yasendle ingabonwa njengokutya okulungileyo. Irayisi zasendle njengemveliso elungileyo yokulahlekelwa isisindo ngenxa yezinto eziphantsi kwekharoriki: kuphela i-kcal 100 nge 100 g yemveliso ebilisiwe (ukuthelekisa, ixabiso le-calorific yeerayisi eqhelekileyo abilisiwe yi-116 kcal nge-100 g). Ilayisi yasendle ngumveliso onomlinganiselo ophantsi we- glycemic (iiyunithi ezingama-35), ezivumela ukuba zinconywe ukuba zisebenzise kwiingxaki ezinjenge-fetes and diabetes.
Ukubunjwa kwerayisi yasendle
Ngokubanzi, ukusetyenziswa kwerayisi yasendle kwimeko ekhethekileyo yamakhemikhali kunye neyendalo. Olu khetho oluyingqayizivele eliphakathi kwama-5 aphezulu ngaphezu kwamanye ngokwemigca yefiber, ngokwezithambile kunye nezinye izondlo. Umxholo weprotheni ngowama-100 g yomveliso owomileyo 15 g, 70 g i-carbohydrate + amaninzi amanqatha. Imifuno yemifuno (i-fiber) ifike kwi-6.5% yesisindo somzimba esomileyo. Kule mveliso kukho i-amino acids 18 ebalulekileyo yomzimba womntu (okokuba, phantse zonke ii-amino acid ezifunekayo).
Ingqolowa yerayisi yasendle i-gluten-free, kodwa inothambile kwiivithamini (ikakhulukazi iqela B), i-folic acid, kunye nezinto ezinomdla (i-magnesium, i-phosphorus, ithusi, i-potassium, insimbi kunye ne-zinc). Kufuneka ukhunjulwe ukuba i-zinc i-compounds ixhamla ngakumbi kubantu.
Ukufakwa rhoqo kwimenyu yeesitya kunye nelayisi yasendle, ngokuqinisekileyo, inegalelo eluncedo kumzimba womntu, oku:
- kuphucula amehlo kwaye kuphephe ukukhathala kwamehlo;
- kuphucula isimo samandla semisipha;
- iququzelela umgaqo nokuphuculwa kwe-metabolism ;
- kuphucula ukusebenza kweenkqubo ze-cardiovascular and nervous systems;
- ulawula izithuthi kunye ne-cholesterol metabolism;
- kunciphisa ukuvuvukala;
- lawula uxinzelelo lwegazi.
Ngalo lonke uncedo kunye neempawu eziphawulekayo zerayisi zasendle, izitya kunye nale mveliso akufanele zichithe ngaphezu kwama-2-3 ngeveki, ingakumbi kulabo abaneengxaki zokunciphisa ubuncwane (xa zisetyenziselwa ubuninzi obungenamkhawulo, ukugqithwa kungenzeka). Ukucinywa kwerayisi yasendle kukucetyiswa ngemifuno, iziqhamo, njengoko zifaka isandla kwi-assimilation yayo. Kwakulungile ukudibanisa irayisi zasendle kunye neemveliso zeprotheyini ezivela kwimfuyo (intlanzi, inyama, amakhowe).