Izichumisi zamaminerali - oku malunga netafile zonke zeMendeleev, izinto ezondla izityalo kwaye zinefuthe elikhawulezayo kunye nefuthe kwizolimo kunezolimo. Makhe sicinge ngeentlobo eziphambili zezichumisi kunye nezompawu zabo.
Ulwahlulo lwezichumisi zamaminerali
Ngokusemgangathweni, zonke izichumisi zamaminerali zingahlulwa zibe ngamaqela amakhulu amabini:
- elula;
- ezinzima.
Ngokwale ndlela, izichumisi ezilula ziyinxalenye enye ekubunjweni, izichumisi ezinzima zimbini okanye ngaphezulu.
Ngokuxhomekeke kwisona esisisiseko sezondlo, zonke izichumisi ze-mineral zihlukaniswe zibe:
1. I-nitric - uncedo ekuphuhliseni inxalenye yezityalo zomhlaba. Zonke iintlobo ze-nitrogen fertilizer zihlala zincincibilika emanzini, zifakwe emhlabathini inyanga ngaphambi kokuba umthombo uphese. Zinamafom 4:
- nitrate (i-sodium ne-calcium nitrate);
- i-ammonium (i-ammonium sulfate);
- amide (urea);
- i-ammonium nitrate (i-ammonium nitrate).
2. I-phosphoric - tangibly ikhawuleza ukuqala kweziqhamo zezimbali kunye neziqhamo zazo. Zenziwe ngekwindla okanye ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo ngexesha lokumba. Ixesha lokuchithwa kwezi zichumisi ziyingxenye enye nesiqingatha kwiinyanga ezimbini, azixubeki kakuhle emanzini. Iintlobo ezithandwa kakhulu kwi-phosphoric mineral fertilizer zilandelayo:
- superfosphate elula;
- superphosphate kabini;
- ufulawa we-phosphorite.
3. I- Potash- khuthaza ukukhula kwezivuno zezityalo kunye nokwandisa ukuxhatshazwa kwezifo, ukuphucula intlawulelo yeziqhamo kunye nokwandisa impilo yeshefu. Zonke izichumisi ze-potash zihlaziye ngokupheleleyo emanzini. Akunqabile ukuba zisetyenziswe ngendlela ecocekileyo, zihlala zidibaniswa ne-nitrogen, i-phosphorus kunye nezinye i-microelements. Iifomenti eziqhelekileyo zisekelwe kwi-potassium:
- ityuwa ye potassium;
- i-potassium chloride;
- sulfate sulphate.
Izityuli zezimbiwa zibandakanya imixube ehlukeneyo:
- ammophos;
- nitroammophoska;
- i diammofosca;
- nitrophosphate .
Ukusetyenziswa kwezichumisi zamaminerali
Into ebaluleke kakhulu kule ngxaki kukubalwa ngokufanelekileyo kokusetyenziswa kwesantya se-fertilizer. Kumele kuveliswe ngokuqwalasela ukuxinwa kwezinto ezisetyenziswayo kunye neziphakamiso zokusungula izinto kwisityalo esithile.
Ukongezelela, ngamaxesha athile kubalulekile ukusebenzisa amanqam Kwaye ezinye iintlobo zezichumisi zamaminerali, umzekelo, urea, zisetyenziselwa isisombululo kunye neengubo eziphezulu zokugqoka, ekubeni i-nitrogen xa ichithwe emanzini ihlelwe kakuhle kumhlaba.