Unyango lwezifo eziphefumulayo zokuphefumula, kuxhomekeke kwimbangela kunye ne-pathogen - iindlela ezingcono

Ngezifo ezithintekayo zentsholongwane ye-virus yethu umzimba ihlangane kaninzi ngonyaka. Ngomkhuhlane onamandla, umzimba ngokukhawuleza ugxothisa ama-microorganism ezinobungozi kwaye uzivimbele ekuphuhliseni. Ukuba ukukhuseleka kokuzivikela komzimba kubuthathaka, kuyimfuneko ukumnceda ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo ukunqoba ubanda kwaye uphinde uphile impilo.

Yintoni i-ARVI?

Zonke izifinyezo eziziwayo ze-ARVI zichithwa njenge-acute infiratory infection. Eli gama lithetha iqela lezifo ezineempawu ezifanayo kwaye zichaphazela inkqubo yokuphefumula. I-SARS ifakiwe kwiqela leentsholongwane eziphefumulayo, eziziintlobo zentsholongwane kunye neebhaktheriya kwindalo. Kukho abasebenzisi abangaphezu kwama-200 be-ARVI abangela izifo ezifana ne-influenza, i-parainfluenza, i-avian influenza, i-adenovirus, isifo se-rhinovirus, ukusuleleka kwe-coronavirus, njalo njalo.

Izizathu ze-ARVI

Izifo I-ARVI ibhekisela kwizifo ezithunyelwa ngamaconsi. Umthombo wesifo ngumntu osulelekileyo onokungazi nokuba uyagula. Intsholongwane ingena emoyeni ngokukrazula, ukukhwehlela kunye nokuthetha kunye neengqungquthela zamathe kunye ne-mucus. Indlela yesibini yentsholongwane ihamba ngezandla ezingcolileyo. Izixhobo zokuhamba kwezithuthi zikawonkewonke, izibambo zeemoto kwivenkile, izibambo zomnyango, ukuxhaphaza - konke oku kubangela ukuba usongelo kubantu abangayithobeli imigaqo yococeko.

Ukuhlala rhoqo i-ARVI - Izizathu

Sizungezwe inani elikhulu leebhaktheriya kunye neentsholongwane. Nsuku zonke sidibana neentlobo ezininzi zezilwanyana-zifo, kodwa ngenxa yokhuselo olukhuselekileyo lokuzivikela komzimba sisaphila. Iintsholongwane kunye neebhaktheriya ziba yingozi kuthi xa i-immunity yethu ithathaka. Isizathu sokunciphisa amandla okukhusela omzimba zizinto ezinjalo:

• uxinzelelo oluninzi kunye namava;
• i-supercooling ;
• ukutya okunokulinganisela;
• imeko engavumelekanga yendalo;
• izifo ezingapheliyo;
• ukunxibelelana rhoqo neentsholongwane ngenxa yemisebenzi yobugcisa.

Iziganeko eziphefumulayo zokuphefumula zentsholongwane yentsholongwane zibonisa ukuba kubalulekile ukuhlaziya indlela yokuphila kunye nokufumana izizathu ezinciphisa ukukhuselwa komzimba. Ngokwahlukileyo, umntu kufuneka acinge ngeendlela zokukhuselwa ngumzimba ongahlaziywa. Ukongeza, ingqalelo kufuneka ihlawulwe kumanyathelo okukhusela okuya kunciphisa umngcipheko wokusuleleka kumzimba.

Usulelo lwentsholongwane yokuphefumula - iimpawu

Akunandaba nokuba yiyiphi intsholongwane ebangela ubanda obuqhelekileyo, iimpawu ze-SARS kuzo zonke iimeko ziya kufana:

• ukwanda kweqondo lomzimba;
• imisipha ebuhlungu;
• intloko;
• ukuphosa;
• kunciphisa ukutya;
• ukukrazula;
• umqala ;
• impumlo.

Ngosuku lwesibini okanye lwesithathu, iimpawu ezilandelayo zongezwa:

• ukukhwehlela;
• ukuvakala kwezwi;
• kwandisa i-lymph nodes ;
• ukudibanisa kwendoda;
• ubuthathaka.

Ubungakanani obushushu bokugqibela be-ARVI?

Iqondo lokushisa kwi-ARVI linye yeempawu ezibonisa ukungena kwintsholongwane ye-pathogenic. Ingaba ngumqondiso wokuqala wokuqala kwesi sifo, okanye ingabonakala inxulumene nabanye. Oko kufikeleleka kweqondo lokushisa, kuxhomekeke kumandla wegciwane kunye namandla okhuselo lomzimba. Ngomkhuhlane, iqondo lokushisa liyakhula kuma-39-40 degrees ngosuku lokuqala kwaye lihlale kulezi zibalo iintsuku ezi-5. Kule meko, kuya kuba nzima ukulahleka nokubuyela kwiiyure ezimbalwa. Ngobushushu obuncinane, ubushushu buya kwanda ukuya kuma-37-38 degrees.

Ixesha eliza kuphakanyiswa kweqondo lokushisa lixhomekeke kwimeko yesifundo sesi sifo. Ukuba ukushisa okunjengomkhuhlane kungaphelela kwiintsuku ezingama-5, ke ukushisa kunye nosulelo olubuthakathaka lunokubuyela kumanqanaba aqhelekileyo ngosuku olulandelayo. Ngokomyinge, kunye ne-ARVI, ubushushu buhlala kwiintsuku ezi-2-5. Ukunyuka kwamaqondo obushushu emva kokuwa kwezinto eziqhelekileyo ngaphandle kwe-antipyretics kuyimpawu embi. Ukuphindaphindwa nokugcinwa kwamanani aphezulu kwiintsuku ezili-5 kunokubonisa ukuba kufikeleleke ukusuleleka kwebhaktheriya kunye nokuphuhliswa kweengxaki.

Indlela yokuphatha i-ARVI?

Usulelo lwentsholongwane lokuphefumula luphathwa ngokuncediswa kwezi ndlela:

1. Ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi zonyango. Okwangoku, ishishini lezobisi alinalo iziyobisi ezichaphazela zonke iintlobo zegciwane. Zonke izidakamizwa ze-anti-virus zigxininisekile, oko kukuthi, ziphumelele kwiqela elithile leentsholongwane, ezinokuthi zichongwe ngeendlela zelabhu.
2. Ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi nge-interferon yabantu. Ezi zonyango zikunceda ukukhawuleza ukutshatyalaliswa kwentsholongwane nokunciphisa imiphumo emibi yesifo.
3. Ukusetyenziswa kwamalungiselelo okuvuselela i-interferon.
4. Iidakamizwa ezisetyenziselwa unyango olumqondiso. Oku kubandakanya izidakamizwa ze-antipyretic , i-antihistamines, ihlahlela unyango lwe-rhinitis, iivithamini, i-analgesics.
5. Ukuthotyelwa kokutya: ukutya okudliwayo, umthamo omkhulu wamanzi, izithelo ezitsha, iimveliso zobisi ezinomuncu.
6. Izigulane zabantu. Zinceda ukuphucula inkqubo yesi sifo nokukhawuleza ukuphucula. Ngobushushu obunzima, ungenza kuphela ngeendlela zamasiko zonyango.

Amachiza avela kwi-ARVI

Xa umntu eqala ukunqoba iimpawu zokubanda, kufuneka uqale ukuthatha imishanguzo evela kwi-ARVI. Ezi zonyango ziphumelele kwizifo zentsholongwane:

1. I-antiviral and immunomodulating drugs : Arbidol, Viferon, Grippferon, Amiksin , Tsikloferon.
2. I-Anti-inflammatory and antipyretic . Eli qela liquka: i-Paracetamol, Ibuprofen, i-Nurofen.
3. Antihistamines . Banceda ukususa ukuvuvukala kweembrane kunye nokudibanisa kwamanzi. Eli qela libandakanya: iDedrolrol, Suprastin, Tavegil, Fenistil, Claritin, Loratadin.
4. Ukuhla kwamanzi : UVibrocil, Otryvin, Tysin, Rhinostop, amaNazivin.
5. Iziyobisi ukwenzela unyango lomqala : Strepsils, Grammidine, Hexaspree, Inhalipt, Lizobakt.

Antibiotics ku-ARVI

Ngamanye amaxesha unokuva ukuba ii-antibiotics zibizwa ngokuba yi-ARVI. Le ndlela ayilunganga ngesizathu sokuba iziyobisi ezichasene ne-antibacterial zichaphazela ii-bacteria, kwaye intsholongwane yi-arhente ye-ARVI. Ukutya okungekho sikweni kwamachiza okulwa namagciwane apha kule nto akusebenzi nje kuphela, kodwa kunokulimaza. Iziyobisi ezinokulwa ne-antibacterial zingonakalisa isimo samasosha omzimba kwaye zilibale ukubuyiswa.

Xa i-ARVI i-antibiotics, inokumiselwa kuphela xa eso sifo siholele kwiingxaki: i-purulent angina, i-bronchitis, i-pneumonia, i-otitis, i-sinusitis, i-sinusitis, njl. Kule meko, ugqirha uchaza izi ziyobisi ezilandelayo:

1. Nge-angina, i-antibiotic yechungechunge lwe-penicillin imiselwe: i-Ecoclave, i-Amoxiclav, i-Augmentin.
2. Kwi-bronchitis kunye ne-pneumonia, i-macrolides (Macropen, Zetamax) kunye ne-cephalosporides (Cefazolin, Ceftriaxone) iyasebenza.
3. Ngeengxaki ezichaphazela iziko ze-ENT: I-Sumamed, i-Azitrox, i-Azithromycin, i-Hemomycin.

I-SARS - izilwanyana zomntu

Izilwanyana zonyango zidibanisa kakuhle kwonyango oluphambili kwaye lunokusetyenziswa xa ibhinqa lenze isivumelwano ne-ARVI ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Kwimiqathango yabantu, unokuncoma izilungiso ezinjalo:

1. Iifayi kunye neengcungcutheko: kunye neenqindi, i-lemon, i-chamomile, i-thyme, i-ginger, i-linden.
2. Ukususela entlungu entanyeni, susela ngesisombululo saline, susela ngesisombululo se-lemon-ityuwa, susela ngesisombululo se-apula cider iviniga, ubambe emlonyeni i-clove yegalikhi kunye nenxalenye ye-ginger.
3. Kwisibonakaliso sokuqala seqanda kubalulekile ukuphakamisa iinyawo zakho ngamanzi ashushu kunye nokudibanisa kwe-mustard.
4. Ku luncedo ukuhlamba impumlo ngesisombululo se-saline okanye ukunyuswa okubuthathaka kwe-aira.

Iingxaki ze-ARVI

Nangona ngexesha lethu kukho amayeza amaninzi ekunyanga izifo, iingxaki kwi-ARVI - engavamile. Iingxaki eziqhelekileyo zezifo zokuphefumula zi:

1. Bronchitis. Isifo siqala ngesifo somqala kwaye sitshintshe ngokuthe ngcembe kwinqanaba elingaphantsi kwenkqubo yokuphefumula.
2. I-pneumonia yinkxalabo enkulu kakhulu emva kweSARS. Ukuvuvukala kwemiphunga akukwazi ukutsala ingqwalasela ngokwayo kwaye kuhamba njengobanda obuqhelekileyo. Kuxilongwa kakhulu kwaye uphathwe ixesha elide.
3. I-sinusitis eqhelekileyo yinkxwaleko eqhelekileyo echaphazela iimpazamo zempumlo. Ukuba unika ingqalelo ngokufanelekileyo kunyango lwe-sinusitis, isifo singena kwifomu engapheliyo.
4. I-otitis media. Le nkcenkceshelo ifunyanwa lula kwaye idinga unyango olululo.

Ukuthintela i-ARVI

Ukuthi eso sifo kulula ukukhusela kunokuba unyango lufanelekile kwi-ARVI.

Ukuthintela izifo ze-catarrhal ziquka oku:

1. Ukuqiniswa kokukhusela umzimba. Oku kubandakanya ukuqina, ukutya okunempilo, ukwenza umsebenzi oqhelekileyo.
2. Ukugonywa.
3. Ukukhusela ngexesha lokubanda. Oku kubandakanya isethi yamanyathelo afaka ukuhlamba izandla, ukugqoka ii-gauze zokugqoka, ukugcoba iindinyana zangasese kunye ne-ointment (oxoline) ocoliweyo okanye i-oyile yemifino, ukuphepha iziganeko ezinkulu.
4. Ukuthintela i-ARVI - iziyobisi. Ikhefu lekhemisi libonelela ngamachiza kunye ne-vitamin complexes ekukhuseleni izifo ze-catarrhal: i-Hexavit, i-Undevit, i-Eleutherococcus, i-Ginseng tincture, i-Magnolia tincture, i-Amizon, iArbidol, i-Kagocel, i-Immunal, i-Imudon, i-Neovir, i-Grippferon.