I-dioecious "yegolide", "umthi wesobho" - okanye i-Japanese aukuba ephuma ezweni eliphumayo ilanga. Igama layo ekuguquleleni lithetha "uhlale luhlaza". Ukukhulisa i-aucoube ngenxa yamagqabi aqabileyo, isityalo singakhenketa njengendawo yokuhlala eqhelekileyo, kunye neholo okanye abameli.
Ukutsalwa kwendlu ye-neruba kubonakala njani?
I-semi-arboreal shrub kule nkcazo ibonakala ngokukhula okuphawulekayo-kufinyelela kubude bee 1.8 m. Amagqabi enkcubeko ayamangalisa - ahlanganiselwe (ukuya kuma-20 cm ubude kunye no-6 cm ububanzi), kunye neengqayi eziphuzileyo, njengokungathi iwashi legolide liwele ehlathini. Esi sityalo asiqhoqhoqho ngo-Matshi-Apreli ngeentlanzi ezincinci, ezingathandekiyo. Ii-rosettes ezimhlophe ezimnyama okanye ezimnyama zihlotshiswe ngeepalali zemilo e-elongated-lance kunye nobubanzi obuyi-4.5 mm. Emva kweentyantyambo, i-berms ebrimson ye-7 mm yenziwa.
Intyatyambo ye-aucuba - ityala
Indawo ephambili yegumbi le-akuba yinto elula, i-penumbra. Ukutyalwa akudingeki ukuba kube yimpuphu enamandla kakhulu - kufuneka bafanise ubungakanani beenkqubo zengcambu. Emva kokuthenga i-aukuba, isiJapane sicetyiswa ukuba sithuthelele kwisibhobho esifanelekileyo kunye ne-drad of claydite kwi 1/3 yokuphakama kwesitya. Ukufakelwa kokutshintshwa kwenziwa emva kweentsuku ezimbalwa ngeendlela zokutshintshiselwa, ukwenzela ukuba ungabhidli iingcambu zesondlo zesityalo. Ukunisela ihlathi ngokukhawulezileyo akuyimfuneko - kungcono ukuyenza ngosuku olulandelayo. Zonke iindawo zeentyatyambo zaseJapan zinetyhefu, kubalulekile ukugqoka iiglavu ngexesha leenkqubo, hlamba izandla ngeesepha emva komsebenzi.
Ukulima kwe-aukuba
I-Japanese aukuba ikhetha ukushisa ngaphakathi kwe-22-23 ° C, ayithandi ukuguquguquka okuphawulekayo kwiqondo lokushisa, imifanekiso. Ehlotyeni ingahanjiswa kwisitrato kwintsimi emthunzini okanye kwibhacini yomoya. Ngelo xesha, ihlathi kufuneka libekwe ukuze lingalimazi ngelanga, umoya kunye nemvula. Ngobusika, unokufumana indawo epholileyo ngeemeko + 10-14 ° C, kodwa ngaphantsi kwe-6 ° C, ukushisa akufanele kunciphise. Iintyatyambo kunye namaqabunga aseJapane aukuba i-decorativeness atholakala ngokukhanyisa umthunzi. Ngoko amacwecwe ayo alondoloza kakuhle ukuhluka kwephepha.
Umhlaba waseNouuba
Ukuhlalisa i-aukuba enesiqhelo esinesilwanyana esinomsoco, iintyatyambo zangaphakathi kufuneka zityalwe kwindawo elula. I-substrate inokuzilungiselela ngokuzimeleyo: mix mix sod, umhlaba oqabileyo (okanye i-humus), i-peat ephoyiweyo kunye nesihlabathi esiqingqiweyo kwiindawo ezilinganayo. Isitya kufuneka sibe nomngxuma kunye nomlambo olungileyo, ngaphandle koko kuphuma kwimizi yamanzi amaqabunga azo kufaka amabala amaninzi.
Indlela yokusasaza i-auscube?
Ukuhlobisa-iJapan e-aukuba eneqabunga isasazwa ngeendlela ezimbini:
- Imbewu. Ekhaya, imbewu esemgangathweni inokufumaneka kuphela ukuba kukho izityalo ezimbini eziqingqiweyo, kungenjalo imibusi yembewu kwiziqhamo ayifaki. Kwezinye iintyatyambo iintyatyambo zineziqhumane, kwabanye - i-pestles, inkcubeko kufuneka ihlanjwe ngesandla nge-cotton swab. Imbewu yokuhluma ilahleka ngokukhawuleza, ngoko akukho ndawo yokuyigcina.
- Ukusika. Le yindlela ekhawulezayo yokuvelisa. Inkqubo eyenziwa ngoFebruwari okanye ngoMatshi. Ukusuka kwi-aukuba evuthiweyo ekusasazeni nge-cuttings, isithasiselo kunye namaqabunga ama-2-3 ahlukaniswe kwaye afakwe kwisixube esisinyulu se-sand-peat-sand, ehlanganiswe ne-cellophane okanye ibhotile yeplastiki. Xa izityalo zineengcambu, amacembe amancinci akhula kuwo. Isityalo esomeleleyo sityalwe kwisitya esisodwa kunye nomhlaba ukusuka emhlabathini, isanti kunye neepat, iziqwenga zaso zanyanzelwa ukuba zenze isithsaba esinzima.
Imbewu ehluthwa ngokukhawuleza ixutywe ngeeyure eziliqela, ihlwayelwe kwisitya esikhulu esinephepha elixutywe kunye neglasi. Ikhonkxa ifakwa kwindawo efudumeleyo, ichaneke ngokufanelekileyo kwaye ihluthe umhlaba. Xa amahlumela anama-3-4 amakhishithi, izinto eziphathekayo zingasuswa. Ihluma zitshintshelwe emhlabathini oququzelelwe nge-turf, humus nesihlabathi ngokudibanisa 2: 1: 1. Xa zisasazwa yimbewu, ukuhlukahluka kwamagqabi akunakugcinwa;
Ukunakekelwa kwekhaya laseAukuba
Kwixesha elizayo ukunyamekela kweJapane kukuba kuququzelelwe ngexesha elifanelekileyo, ukondla ngokukhawuleza, ukutshintshwa kwintlambo. Ukwenza isithsaba esihle entwasahlobo ekuqaleni kwexesha lokutshala, iziqu kunye nokusika izihluma ze-apical zenziwe. I-neruba yaseJapane inika amahlumela amatsha kunye namasebe amatsha, ikhula kwaye ihle, ikhulise ngokunyanisekileyo ubunzima obuhlaza. Iinqununu ezisele zifanelekile ukusasazwa kwenkcubeko.
Ukufakelwa kwe-Aucubic
I-Japanese aukuba kunye nokunakekelwa ekhaya akufuneki ukutshintshwa rhoqo. Kwisitya esinye, umzekelo omdala uziva kakuhle iminyaka emi-5-10, kungcono ukuphazamisa xa iingcambu zigubungela i-pot. Ngaphambi kwalokhu, ukutshintshwa okukodwa komhlaba kunokwenzeka - malunga nesithathu kwisahlulo esiphezulu. Intsha yaseJapan isityalo ukuya kwiminyaka emithathu ngexesha lokukhula okukhulayo litshintshwa rhoqo ngonyaka entwasahlobo. Kule meko, isitya sithengwa ngaphezu kwexesha elidlulileyo. Ukutsalwa kwetyala kwenziwa ngeendlela zokutshintshiselwa, ngaphandle kokutshabalalisa isitya sobumba, ngononophelo ukuze kungonakali ingcambu kunye neengcambu ezinobunzima.
Isitshixo se-Aucuba
U-aukuba waseJapan ongeyithobekiyo njengesiqhamo sekhaya kufuneka iququzelele, kodwa yinkqubo yokunkcenkcesha ukusuka ngoMeyi ukuya kuAgasti. Yenzani intyatyambo xa isalathisi esiphezulu somhlaba siphume, siphephe i-sputum eninzi. Ebusika, ukucwiliswa kuncitshisiwe, umgaqo usetyenziso - kungcono ukugqithisa kunokugqithisa. I-aukuba ayesabi ukomiswa kwexesha elifutshane, kodwa ukunyuka kwamanzi kuya kubangela ukubonakala kwamacaka amnyama kumahlamvu. Ukunkcenkceshela kuyimfuneko ukusebenzisa amanzi ahlala rhoqo kunye namanzi afudumeleyo.
Kwixesha lekwindla-ebusika, isicatshulwa saseJapan sinconywa ukutshiza, ikakhulukazi kumagumbi anokufudumeza, ukuze isiqithi singaqala ukulahla amahlamvu ukususela kumanzi omile. Xa isityalo sigcinwa kumaqondo apholileyo, kufuneka sinyulwe ngokucophelela, ukuqinisekisa ukuba isikhunta asibonakali. Ehlobo nasekuseni, ukuhlanjululwa akuyimfuneko, akunakwenziwa.
Isityalo saseJapane aukuba - isichumiso esongezelelweyo
Evergreen Japanese aukuba xa unyango ekhaya ludla. Yondla kanye ngeveki ukususela ngoMatshi kuya ku-Agasti kunye ne-fertilizer yamaminerali kwizityalo ezinqabileyo, ukudibanisa inkqubo kunye nokunisela. Ukugxilwa kusetyenziswa ngokwemiyalelo kwipakethe. Ewe, isiqithi sichaphazela kumakhemikhali e-organic - ehlobo sondliwa nge-diluted slurry kanye emva kweveki ezimbini. Kubalulekile ukuhambisa umhlaba onomanzi kunye nesichumisi, ukuze ungatshisi iingcambu zesityalo. Isityalo esinondlekile kakuhle sinamagqabi anamandla kunye neepateni ezikhanyayo.
Izifo ze-aukuba
Xa ukhula isiqithi, unokujamelana neengxaki ezininzi. Intyatyambo yangaphakathi ye-nanduba ekunyamekelweni kakubi iphendula ngokukhawuleza, uphawu lokuqala luhlala lusebenza ngamaqabunga:
- Ingxaki eqhelekileyo yinkangala yeendawo eziphuzi. Isizathu esibalulekileyo kukuba ukungabikho kokukhanya. Igumbi kufuneka lihanjiswe kwindawo elula.
- Ukucinywa kwamnyama kumagqabi kuthetha ukuba inkcubeko ifumana ubuninzi bomswakama. Amaxesha amaninzi kufuneka usule ukunkcenkceshela, ukuze ilizwe lome, uze uhlengahlengise ixesha.
- Amaqabunga enqabileyo, ukuba ihlathi limi elangeni, kungcono ukuyihlela kwakhona emthunzini.
- Ukuba amaqabunga aphendubile, umoya ophezulu kwigumbi lome. Ihlathi kufuneka lixiliswe kwi-spray.
- Ukukhula okucothayo kwe-aukuba kubonisa ukungabi nakutya kwezondlo, ukusetyenziswa kwezichumisi zamaminerali kunokunceda.
- Xa amanzi, i-overcooled kwaye ingafanelekanga amanzi, ihlathi lonakaliswe ngokubola, ngokukodwa imifanekiso encinane. Inkqubo ingena ebomvu ngelixa i-Japanese aukuba ifa ngokukhawuleza. Isityalo kufuneka sisuswe, inxalenye yomhlaba ihlambuluke, iinkqubo ezichaphazelekayo zinqunyulwe, amandla kunye nomhlaba utshintshile. Emva kokufakelwa, nisela amanzi amancinci. Ungasindisa ihlathi kuphela kwisigaba sokuqala sesi sifo. Kwixesha elizayo, kufuneka aqinisekise ukushisa okufanelekileyo kunye nokunyusa.
- Ukuba iinambuzane zibonwa kumaqabunga, ngokuqhelekileyo i- spider mite (i-plaque emhlophe) okanye i- thrips (i-blemishes), i-aukuba yaseJapan kufuneka iphathwe yi-insecticide Decis, Actellik, Inta-vir.
- Izihlangu kunye nee-apidi ziqala ukuhlala kwindawo engezantsi yamacembe, uze uhlanganise yonke indawo. Iiplani ziba zilukhuni ngenxa yokuba ama-parasites ayamkela yonke i juzi evela kubo. I-aphid iqhubekeka isityalo kunye neengubo ezinamathele. Ukuqaphela iimpawu zokubonakala kwazo (indawo emnyama okanye emdaka), isityalo kufuneka siphathwe ngesisombululo sesepha, siphambwe nge-insecelide Actellik, siphindwe kathathu ngeentsuku ezili-14. Ikhuselo yongezwa ngokucoca kunye ne-cotton swab edibene ngotywala.