Isisu esinesifo esilunxwemeni esilunxwemeni okanye kwezinye iziko zesimo senzwa kuthiwa i-pheochromocytoma - iimpawu zesi sifo zifakazela kwimisebenzi ye-hormone ye-neoplasm. Iqukethe iiseli ze-chromaffin izicubu kunye neengqondo zobuchopho. Izidumbu ezibi zilolu hlobo aluqhelekanga, kwi-10% kuphela yamatyala.
Pheochromocytoma - izizathu
Ayaziwa ukuba kutheni lesi sifo siqala. Kukho ukusola ukuba i-neoplasm ibonakala ngenxa yokuguquka kwemfuyo.
Ngokuqhelekileyo isifo sibachaphazela abantu abadala, ukususela kuma-25 ukuya kuma-50 ubudala, ikakhulukazi abasetyhini. Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-tumor ikhula kubantwana, kwaye kwiimeko ezininzi zivela kubafana.
I-malignant pheochromocytoma ivame ukudibaniswa nezinye iintlobo zomhlaza (i-thyroid, amathumbu, iimbumba), kodwa i-metastase ayiyiyo impawu.
Iimpawu zepheochromocytoma
I-Symptomatology ngokuthe ngqo ixhomekeke kwindawo yokuxhamla, kuba i-tumor ye-adrenal gland ivelisa iindidi ezimbini ze-hormone: i-adrenaline kunye ne-norepinephrine. Kwezinye iimeko, ivelisa kuphela i-norepinephrine. Ngako oko, umphumo we-pheochromocytoma uza kubonakala ngakumbi nakwindawo yayo.
Ukongeza, iimpawu ziyahlukileyo kwiifom eziyaziwayo zesifo, ezichazwe ngokweklasi yeklinikhi:
- paroxysmal;
- rhoqo;
- zixutywe.
I-Paroxysmal pheochromocytoma - iimpawu:
- i-classic triad yeCarney (iintliziyo zentliziyo, ukunyuka kwesifuba, intloko);
- ukunyuka okukhawulezayo kunye nokwanda kwangoko kwimiqondiso yexinzelelo lwegazi ukuya kwi-300 mm Hg. Ubugcisa. kunye nokunye;
- iphosa;
- uloyiko olungenakuqondakala;
- ukungcola;
- intlungu kwisisu nangasemva kwe-sternum;
- ukuphefumula okufutshane;
- isicefe
- polyuriya;
- ukungabonakali;
- ukwanda kweqondo lokushisa;
- ukuhlanza.
Kuba uhlobo oluqhubekayo lwesisu lubonakaliswe ukwanda okuqhubekayo kokunyanzeleka kunye neempawu zifana nekhosi yezifo eziphezulu.
Uhlobo oluxubileyo lwe-neoplasm lubangele ingxaki enkulu yegazi-kunye ne-pheochromocytoma ingakhokelela kwisifo esibi kakhulu kwi-retina yelihlo, i-edema ye-pulmatic okanye i-stroke.
Pheochromocytoma - ukuxilongwa
Ukuxilongwa kwenziwa emva kweemvavanyo zelabhoratri:
- isifundo segazi lokugcinwa kweekecholamlam, ubukho be-leukocytosis, i-ESR eyandisiweyo, i-hyperglycemia, i-erythrocytosis, i-eosonophilia;
- Uhlalutyo lomchamo lokuchongwa kwe-cylindruria, proteinuria, i-glucosuria, i-excletion ye-vanillylmandelic acid;
- iimvavanyo zokusebenza kunye ne-histamine kunye ne-reginal.
Ulwazi olongezelelweyo lunokufumaneka nge- ultrasound ye-adrenal glands , i-tomography, i-aortography, i-scintigraphy.
Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba i-pheochromocytoma inexesha lokuxubusha ixesha elaneleyo lokufumana isifo ngexesha kwaye iqale unyango. Ngoko ke, wonke umntu obhekene nexinzelelo lwegazi kufuneka afune ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha ukuba angabandakanyi i-tumor enombuzo njengesizathu sokwanda kwengcinezelo yegazi.
Pheochromocytoma - iingxaki kunye nokuxela
Uninzi lweziphumo ezimbi ziphuhliswa emva kweengxaki:
- i-myocardial infarction;
- ukusasazeka kweengqondo;
- i-edema yepommonari ;
- ukuhluleka kwentliziyo.
Ukungabikho kwamanyathelo enyango okufunekayo, izigulane, ngokuyisiseko, zibhubha.
Ukwelashwa ngokukhawuleza kunye nokususwa kwe-pheochromocytoma kuvumelekile ukufezekisa i-prognosis enengqiqo, ngakumbi ukuba i-tumor ayiyingozi yaye ayikho i-metastases. Njengoko umkhuba ubonisa, ukubuyela kwakhona kubonakala kuphela kwi-5-10% yamatyala, kwaye iziganeko ezitshintshileyo zilungiswe kakuhle ngoncedo lwamachiza.