Ngokuqhelekileyo, abazali bakhononda ukuba ekuqaleni kokutyelela enkulisa okanye esikolweni abantwana babo baqala ukugula rhoqo. Enyanisweni, amaziko okufundela esikolweni nakwimfundo kaninzi adala izimo eziqhuba ukuphuhliswa kwezifo: umoya omile kwindawo, oonxibelelwano abaninzi nabantwana abagulayo kunye nabantu abadala, njalo njalo. kwaye ukuba siyakucingela umnqweno wabazali abaninzi ukubopha abantwana babo ngokungqongqo, inhlangano engalunganga yolawulo lwemihla, ukungondleki kakuhle, imeko ibonakala iyabuhlungu. Ingane iyagula ngakumbi nangaphezulu, abazali, bezama ukukhusela i-crumb kwiintsholongwane, bayigqubuthe ngokubanzi, banciphise ixesha lokuhamba nabantwana kwindawo epholileyo, bawalele ekugumbini. Izenzo ezinjalo zinika impembelelo eyahlukileyo - i-crumb igula kwakhona kwakhona, kwaye isangqa sivala. Nangona ukwenjenjalo ukuhamba ngaphaya kwalesi simo esingathandekiyo akunzima kakhulu njengoko kubonakala ngathi.
Kule nqaku siza kuthetha ngolo hlobo olulula kwaye ngexesha elifanayo lokukhuthaza impilo njengokuba nzima. Siza kukuxelela ngeendlela eziphambili, imithetho kunye nemigaqo yokukhupha abantwana, ndikuxelele malunga nokuqala komsindo komntwana, ziziphi iimpawu zokubantwana ababuthathaka, njl njl.
Izindlela zokubanda abantwana
Yonke into ebalulekileyo yokumanyanisa - ngokuphindaphindiweyo ngokuphindaphindiweyo okufanayo kwimizimba emzimbeni. Umgaqo ofanayo ufana noxa ukuqeqesha imisipha - ukwanda kancinci nokunyuka komthwalo kukhulisa amandla kunye nokunyamezela komzimba. Ukukhuselwa komzimba kukunyuka, oku kuthetha ukuba iibhaktheriya kunye neentsholongwane ayesabi. Ukongezelela kwindlela ebonakalayo yokuzikhusela komzimba, kukho ukwanda kwondlo, ukulala okuphuculweyo, ukulungelelaniswa kokukhula kunye nophuhliso, ukwandisa ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokuqwalaselwa kwengqalelo.
Kukho iindlela ezimbini ezibalulekileyo zokuqina kanda:
- Ukucima umoya.
- Ukuqina kwamanzi.
Xa uqala iinkqubo ezinzima, lungela ukuba awukwazi ukuphumeza umphumo ngeenkqubo ezintathu - oku akunakwenzeka. Ukongezelela, ukukhawuleza inkqubo inokumonakalisa umntwana, ngoko ungagqizi.
Qaphela kwakhona ukuba umphumo wokuqeqeshwa kwezenzo ezikhuni akude kude kwaye ukuwugcina, kuya kufuneka uqhubeke uqina nzima. Emva kokupheliswa koqeqesho, umphumo uyanyamalala emva kweentsuku ezi-3-10. Ukuba ukuphuka phakathi koqeqesho ubuncinane iintsuku ezi-3, kuya kufuneka uqale yonke inkqubo kuqala.
Ungaqala njani ukuthukuthela umntwana?
Okokuqala, khumbula: awukwazi ukuqala ukukrakra, ukuba umntwana uyagula. Abantwana abanempilo kuphela abanokuba nzima. Kukulungele ukuqala ehlobo, nangona kunokwenzeka nanini na kunyaka. Ukongezelela kokuqina kwamanzi (iifonta, ukuhlukana kwemibhobho yemilenze), iibhafu zomoya zingasetyenziswa. Ukuba unquma ukuthulula umntwana ngamanzi, kwiinyanga ezimbalwa zokuqala awudingi ukuthulula intloko.
Xa kulungiswa, kubalulekile ukugcina le mithetho elandelayo:
- ukuqhubeka. Iinkqubo "ngezikhathi ezithile", ukuqina okungaqhelekanga akuzenzi iintlawulo, kunokulimaza;
- ku phumeza. Ukunciphisa ngokukhawuleza ukushisa kwamanzi ama-douches asoloko ekhokelela kubanda. Umphumo ofanayo uza kufezekiswa xa uthumela umntwana ongakulungele ukuhamba ngeengubo ezinqamlekileyo kwikhephu okanye kwiqanda elibandayo, ngokugqithiseleyo, thumela kwisitalato;
- Ukukhuniza kube nzima, ukuqina ngamanzi abandayo ngumdlalo wabantwana, inkunzi imele ithande inkqubo;
- ukuba umntwana uyagula (naziphi na iimpawu zokugula - naziphi na izigulana ezivulekileyo, ukuphazamiseka kokulala, ukukhwehlela, impumlo yebhola, imbobo ebomvu, okanye nayiphi na into ebonisa ukungabikho kwempilo) - inqubo kufuneka imisiwe kwaye iphendulwe kwinqanaba labantwana.
Kungcono ukuqala ukuqina ngokubhakabhaka kwamanzi - le yinkqubo enobumnene kakhulu. Iibhedi zomoya ziintlobo ezintathu: ukufudumala (ukushisa komoya - kungaphantsi kwe +20 ° С), kupholile (+ 20 - + 14 ° С) kwaye kubanda (ngaphantsi + 14 ° С). Kakade ke, kufuneka uqale ngokufudumala, ngokukhawuleza uhlawule ubushushu. Ngaphambi kwenkqubo, igumbi kufuneka liphuculise umoya. Kwixesha elizayo, inqubo ingatshintshwa ukusuka kwigumbi ukuya emoyeni ovulekile (kodwa kwimozulu yomoya omanzi kungcono ukuqhuba ngaphakathi kwindlu enefestile evulekileyo). Ekuqaleni, ubude benkqubo abufanele kudlule kwi-10-15 imizuzu. Qiniseka ukuba ulandele impendulo yomntwana kwiinkqubo. Ukuba i-crumb freezes, ihlanganiswa ne "goosebumps" okanye iyathuthuma - ukushisa kwayo kuphantsi kakhulu, ayilungele. Ngaloo ndlela, ixesha lokutshintshela ukushisa kweqondo elincinci lincinci. Kukulungele ukuthatha iibhitshi zomoya (ngakumbi zipholile) ngexesha lentshukumo eqhubayo - ukushaja, ukugijima okanye imidlalo esebenzayo.
Emva kweenyanga ezimbalwa zokuqina ngomoya, unokuqhubeka kwinkqubo yamanzi. Bahlula zibe zigaba ezintathu: ukuxubha, ukuthulula nokubonisa. Ubushushu bokuqala bamanzi kwanoma yimuphi umgaqo + 34-36 ° C. Zonke iintsuku eziyi-3-4 ukushisa kwamanzi kuncitshiswa ngeqondo elilodwa.
Ukukhethwa, sebenzisa ithawula ehlanjululwe emanzini, enyathela ngamandla. Xa uvula isidumbu somntwana (kodwa kungekhona intloko) wanisela. Ngethuba lokuhlamba umntwana ufumana umanzi ngokupheleleyo. Ubungakanani bokuqala beyiphi na le nkqubo ayikho ngaphezu kwemizuzu engama-2, ixesha elongezelelweyo landa, kwaye ukushisa kwamanzi kuyahla. Emva kwezi nkqubo, umntwana kufuneka ahlaselwe kakuhle ngethoyi elomileyo.
Ehlobo, indlela eyomeleleyo yokuqina ibhukuda ngamanzi avulekileyo. Nje ngezinye iindlela, ubude bokuqala benkqubo abufanele kudlule kwi-2-3 imizuzu, kamva ixesha lokubhabha landa.
Unokumisela njani umqala womntwana?
Ngenxa yokuqina komqala, ukuhlanjululwa kwemihla ngemihla yomqala emanzini okanye kumanzi amaninzi emifuno (i-chamomile, sage) isetyenziswe. Qalisa ngamanzi afudumele, ngokuthe ngcembe ukunciphisa ubushushu bawo. Ukuhlamba ixesha elilodwa, malunga ne-1/3 yamanzi indebe isetyenziswe. Ubushushu bokuqala bokususa bu malunga ne-35 ° C. Kwiveki nganye, iqondo lokushisa liyancipha ngezinga elilodwa kwaye ngokuthe ngcembe liswa kwi +10 - +6 ° C.