Urethra kukuqhubela phambili kwesikhumba. Kuloo ndawo yenguqu ye-bubble kwi-urethra apho umhadi wangaphakathi we-urethra ukhona. Esi sakhiwo siphela ngovulo lwangaphandle lwe-urethra, olukufutshane nomnyango wesini.
Inatomy of the urethra
Kula mabhinqa, isakhiwo se-anatomical se-urethra sibonakala ngantlukwano phakathi kwindoda yamadoda. I-urethra yowesifazane inokuthelekiswa nefuthe elifutshane. Kuyaziwa ukuba eli lilungu lincinci kwaye likhulu ngobukhulu kunabantu.
I-urethra i-curved slightly posted. Ngoko ke, kunxibelelana ngokusondeleyo nodongeni lwangaphakathi lomfazi. Kungenxa yezinto ezinjalo zesakhiwo se-female urethra ngezifo ezivuthayo zesisu ukuba izifo zentysuric zihlala zikhula. Kwaye, ngokuchasene noko, ngokuvuvukala kwi-urethra, kukho uvakalelo olubukhali kwaye lubuhlungu xa usondelene. Ukongezelela, i-agusti yokukhusela isifo sinokudlula kwi-vagina ukuya kwi-urethra.
Udonga lwe-urethra lusekwe ngala macala alandelayo:
- I-membrane e-mucous, eyenza iifolthi kunye nayo ikhona izilonda.
- I-membrane ye-muscular yenziwe ngamathambo emisipha yomzimba. Isalathisi setyhula yefayili kwingingqi yomnyango wangaphakathi yenza i-sphincter engabandakanyekanga ye-urethra, kwaye kwisiza se-urethra ngokusebenzisa imisipha yomgangatho we-pelvic iifom ze-sphincter ezingenangqondo.
Imisebenzi ye-urethra imbalwa. Umsebenzi oyintloko kunye nomsebenzi kuphela we-urethra yi-excretion yomchamo evela emzimbeni.
Izifo kunye neemeko zesifo se-urethra
Kubasetyhini, zonke izifo ze-urethra zingahlukana ngamaqela alandelayo:
- Izifo ezivuthayo.
- Iintsilelo zentsapho ebomini kwisakhiwo se-urethra.
- Imiba yokusebenza ye-neuromuscular regulation.
- Urethral stricture .
- I-Benign neoplasms (eli qela liquka i-paraurethral cysts, polyps).
- Cancer.
Ukuvuvukala komlenze we-mucous kuthiwa yi-urethritis. Isizathu sale meko ziyi-microorganisms ezingena kwi-urethra. Iimpawu ziyahlukahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwimisebenzi yenkqubo ye-pathological. Ubuninzi obuphawulekayo buhlungu, ukuvutha komlilo kunye nokucoca rhoqo.
Ngomdlavuza, ngaphezu kwezinto ezibukhali kunye neziganeko zedysuric, ziphuma kwi-urethra.
Ukulimala kwiiprojekti ze-sphincter ze-urethra kunye nokuphula umthetho we-neuromuscular kukhokelela ekuphuhlisweni kokungahambisani nomzimba.
Ama-anomali e-urethra awanqabile. Kodwa ke kuyimfuneko ukukhumbula ngokuhlala kwabo. Ziquka:
- izahlulo zomntwana ezisekuzalweni kwe-urre of urethra;
- usulelo lwe-urethra (umqathango udinga ukuhlinzwa kwiintsuku zokuqala emva kokuzalwa);
- indawo zokuzalwa zomzimba zokunciphisa i-urethra;
- ngokuphindwe kabini i-urethra;
- i-diverticulum ;
- i-cyst ye-urethra.
Ngokwahlukileyo, kubalulekile ukukhankanya ukuba utshintsho olwenzeka nge-urethra kwabasetyhini luqhelekileyo. Ubuntwaneni, i-urethra ibanzi (malunga ne-3 cm), kodwa njengoko ikhula, ububanzi bayo bhanya buya ku-1 cm. Ukubunjwa kwama-sphincters kugqiba kuphela iminyaka eyi-12. Iinkalo ezinxulumene nobudala be-urethra ziquka ukuphuhliswa okuqhubekayo kunye ne-atrophy yeengqungquthela ze-paraurethral. Ezi zilwanyana ziyakwazi ukukhupha izinto ezikhusela i-urretha kwi-ingress ye-microorganms.