Nangona iindawo ezinobungozi beziqabunga zetamatato ezisetyenziselwa ukulawula iintlobo ezinambuzane zezinye izityalo, ngokuqhelekileyo iitamatisi ngokwazo zihlaselwa zizifo kunye nezinambuzane. Ngethamsanqa, kukho iindlela ezininzi zomzabalazo, kubandakanya abantu, kunye nezinye izilwanyana kunye nezifo zetamatato.
Izifo eziqhelekileyo zetamatati kunye nezindlela zokulwa nazo
Iyokuqala kunye neyona nto ibonakalayo kwiluhlu lwezifo zetamatati kukusile . Le ngxaki, i-agent causative ye-fungus, iyathintela isityalo sonke - iziqu zayo, amaqabunga neziqhamo. Ngokuqhelekileyo eso sifo sisasazeka kwiitata ezikufuphi kwaye ngokukhawuleza sonakalisa isivuno setamatato.
Okokuqala, amabala avela kumaqabunga eetamatato, atshaba kwaye aphelile, ngoko isifo sisasazeka kuzo zonke iintlanga. Ngethamsanqa, ngokuqhelekileyo iziqhamo zinexesha lokuvuthwa ngaphambi kokuba i-blight isasazeke ngokubanzi.
Indlela ekhuselekileyo yokukhusela ukukhawuleza kwexesha elidlulileyo kukuba ukuhlukaniswa kwezambatho kwiitamatati. Kwaye ukuba ithe isifo senzekile, sithe sitshala nje iibhedi kunye ne-infusion yegalikhi, i-Bordeaux liquid kunye nesisombululo setyuwa yetyuwa.
Esinye isifo seentatayi sibolile i- vertex . Kubonakala ngokubonakala kwimibala yamanzi eluhlaza ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngaphezulu kweqhamo, okwenza kube mnyama kwaye iqalise inkqubo yokubola. Esi sifo kubangelwa yi-bhakteria, igcinwe ngokhula kunye nezityalo zezityalo zangaphambili.
Izizathu ezinokuthandeka kwesi sifo zilamanzi. Kuyinyaniso ukuba kwiindawo zokugcina izityalo isifo sifana kakhulu kwiimeko zokushisa okuphezulu kunye nomswakama ophantsi. Le meko igxininiswa ukungabikho komhlaba kwindawo efana ne-potassium.
Indlela eqinisekisiweyo yokulwa nokubola kwe-vertebrate iyaphula iitamatisi kwisifo kunye nezisombululo ze-calcium chloride, i- Bordeaux fluid , i-phytosporin. Njengomlinganiselo wokukhusela, ukusetyenziswa kwexesha lexesha le-phosphate-potassium isichumisi kwisiqwenga samatamatayi kwaye unyango lwembewu ngaphambi kokutyala luyacetyiswa.
Akukho sifo esingaqhelekanga-indawo ebomvu ibala . Isizathu sawo si-fungus, esichaphazela amaqabunga, iziqu kunye namaxesha athile iziqhamo. Ukutshatyalaliswa kuqala ngamaqabunga angaphantsi ngokusasazeka phezulu. Yonke into eyenzekayo kwisigaba sesithelo sokuvuthwa. Indlela yokulwa nesifo - unyango kunye ne-phytosporin kunye nesiseko.
Kwakhona kaninzi sibona i- brown spotting kwi-macaroni (macrosporiosis) . Ichaphazela amaqabunga, iziqhamo kunye neziqhamo, ezizibonakalisa ngendlela yebala elikhulu elibomvu elinamabhantshi kunye nesiganeko esicacileyo. Ukucwangcisa amabala kufuneka kube yisombululo se-soap-soap (20 g ye-sulphate yobhedu kunye ne-200 g yesepha kwibhakethi yamanzi).
Ezinye izifo ezingathandekiyo zetamatati
Ngamanye amaxesha utamatisi ubonakala kwezinye izifo eziyingozi. Ngokomzekelo, ukuvuthwa kweziqhamo ezibonakalayo , xa kuvela izilwanyana eziphuzi kwisiqhamo sesantya, ngokukhawuleza ziba zibala. Ngaphantsi kwesikhumba esonakalisiweyo sisisifo esifileyo. Ukuthintela le ngqungquthela kukugqwesa kwetamatyiti nge nitassium nitrate.
Kwakhona kaninzi kunokwenzeka ukugcina kwiziqhamo ezibizwa ngokuba yizo
Xa i-tomato ithinteka kwinqanaba lembewu, intamo yentsike iya kuba mnyama, isinyanze kwaye ibolile, oku kubizwa ngokuba ngumlenze omnyama . Izindlela zokulwa nesifo zixiliswa ngokuthe ngqo kwizityalo, ukugcina umgama owaneleyo phakathi kwamahlumela. Kwaye ngenxa yeprophylaxis, i-trichodermine iqalelwa kuqala kumhlaba wezityalo.