Esi sifo sibonakaliswe ngumonakalo ophakathi kwamathambo kunye ne-alveoli, elandelwa kukuphuhliswa kwe-pulmonary fibrosis kunye nokungaphumeleli kokuphefumula. Siza kucacisa kweli nqaku imiqondiso yesifo, iindidi kunye neendlela ezikhoyo zonyango.
Iimbangela ze-fibrosing alveolitis
Kuze kube ngoku, akukho zizathu ezibalulekileyo zesifo. Phakathi kwezinto ezicinga ukuba:
- iziphazamiso ezizenzekelayo;
- iintsholongwane (i-herpes, i-adenovirus, i- hepatitis C , i-cytomegalovirus);
- indawo;
- ukuzalwa;
- iinkalo zobungcali;
- umfanekiso wendawo yokuhlala;
- ukutshaya.
Iimpawu ze-fibrosing alveolitis
Esi sifo sikhula kancane, ngoko iimpawu zokuqala zihlala zingabonakali kwisigulane. Ekuqaleni, kukho i-dyspnea encinci, eyenziwa ngokuzikhandla ngokomzimba. Ngethuba lexesha, ukuphefumula okuphefumlelweyo kuyaqina kwaye kwenzeke kaninzi, kukho ukukhwehlela okungaqhelekanga. Ukongezelela, iimpawu zifana nokulahleka kwesisindo, intlungu ephoseni kunye naphantsi kwamagxa ehlombe, ukuphefumula ubunzima (ukukwazi ukuphefumula kakhulu), intlungu edibeneyo kunye nesisipha, ukushisa komzimba okuphakanyisiwe. Kwakhona, ukubonakaliswa kwangaphandle kwe-alveolitis kunokwenzeka, umzekelo, utshintsho kwisakhiwo kunye nombala wezikhonkwane, kunye nokubonakala kweemichilo kwiiplate. Ukongezelela, kwizigaba zokugqibela zesifo kukho ukuvuvukala, ukuvuvukala kweemvini entanyeni.
Ukuhlulwa kwesifo
Kukho iintlobo ezi-3 ze-alveolitis ye-fibrosing:
- Idiopathic.
- Ngaphandle.
- Inetyhefu.
Makhe siqwalasele ngamnye ngomnye iinkcukacha.
Idiopathic fibrosing alveolitis
Le fomu yesifo iquka i-alstoling fibrosing, ebizwa ngokuba yi-interstitial pneumonia. Iinkqubo ezivuthayo kwi-alveoli yemiphunga zibangele ukwanda kweendonga, kwaye ngenxa yoko-ukunciphisa ukuphelelwa kwamathambo okutshintshwa kwegesi. Ukongezelela kukho ukuvuvukala kwe-alveoli kunye ne-fibrosis yamathambo emiphunga. Isigaba esichukumisayo se-idiopathic fibrosing alveolitis sibonakala kukutshatyalaliswa kwe-epithelium kunye ne-capillaries, ukubunjwa kweembrane eziqinileyo ezingavumeli ukuba izicubu ze-alveolar zandiswe ngokuphefumlelwa.
I-alveolitis exogenous fibrosing
Ukuvela kwale fomu yesifo kubangelwa ukutshatyalaliswa kwexesha elide kwiimfucu kunye ne-alveoli yezilwanyana izilwanyana, izilwanyana zonyango okanye izityalo.
Izigulane zinamava, iintloko, ukukhwehlela nge-sputum, intlungu kunye kunye, kunye ne-vasomotor rhinitis.
I-alveolitis enobuchopho
Inkqubo ye-pathological kule hlobo ye-alveolitis ivela ngenxa yokungena kwee-toxins kwiikhemikhali zamachiza kunye namaziko okuvelisa kwimiphunga yemiphunga.
Iimpawu zifana neendlela ezidlulileyo zesifo, kuphela ikhosi yayo ihamba ngokukhawuleza kwaye ikhula ngokukhawuleza kwisigaba esicacileyo.
Unyango lwe-fibrosing alveolitis
Ulwaphulo lubandakanya ukuyeka ukuphuhliswa kwesifo, ukuyeka ukuvuvukala nokuxhasa unyango. Inkqubo Yonyango:
- amalungiselelo antifibrotic;
- amahomoni e-anti-inflammatory glucocorticosteroid;
- immunosuppressants;
- bronchodilators;
- abagqithisileyo;
- ukulungiselela i-potassium.
Njengoko unyango lwezonyango, iinkqubo ze-oksijini, uqeqesho lomzimba lubekwe. Ukongeza, ukugonywa kwezigulane kunyanzelekile ukukhusela iziganeko zentsholongwane kunye nokusuleleka kwe-pneumococcal.
Ngenxa yokufa okuphezulu phakathi kwezigulane ezifunyaniswe ne-fibrosing alveolitis, ukuncedwa kwengqondo kwizigulane kudla ngokufunekayo, kunye nokutyelela kwiiseshoni ezikhethekileyo zeengqondo zengqondo.