I-Salmonellosis - iimpawu kubantu abadala kunye nezona ndlela zonyango ezingcono

Phakathi kwezifo ezithathelwanayo, eyona yingozi kakhulu i-salmonella - iimpawu kubantu abadala zifana nezo zibonwa kubantwana. Ukuba awuphendulanga ngexesha kwiimpawu ze-alamu ezinikezelwa ngumzimba kwaye ungaqalanga unyango, imiphumo ingaba yingozi.

Usuleleke njani kwisifo se-salmonella?

Imithombo yentsholongwane ingaba iintaka, abantu kunye naziphi na izilwanyana ezifudumalayo. Ingozi ngakumbi kule meko iingulube neenkomo. Kule zi lwanyana, iibhaktheriya ezivusa isifo azibangela ukuba uphuhliswe kwesi sifo. Nangona kunjalo, ihagu kunye neenkomo zihlala zithwala isifo. Usuleleko lwe-Salmonella luvela ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kwenyama okanye ubisi olungashatyathwa kakuhle.

Ukongezelela, ukusasazeka kwentsholongwane kungabakho iintaka. Umntu uya ku suleleka xa edla inyama eye yafumana unyango olusaneleyo lwamayeza. Unokusuleleka xa usela isitshizi okanye udle iqanda elibilisiwe. Eyona nto iyingozi kakhulu i-yolk. Impawu zeSalmonellosis kubantu abadala ziya kuqala ngokukhawuleza. Ukongezelela, iigundane, izifuyo, amajuba, iintlunkulu nezinye iintaka "zasezidolophini" zingasifaka esi sifo.

I-Pathogen ye-salmonellosis

Le ngxaki ibangelwa yi-gram-negative, ibhakteria eneentonga. Baye kwi-genus Salmonella. Ububanzi, ezi bhaktheriya zingafikelela kwi-1.5 μm, kwaye ubude - 5 μm. Ubude bomsebenzi babo buxhomekeke kwimeko:

• ngaphandle kwezinto ezisetyenziswayo, iibhaktheriya zigcina iimpahla zazo ngeveki;
• eluthulini lwegumbi banokuphila kwezinye iinyanga ezintathu;
• kwimigodla, ubomi be-Salmonella buqhubekeka iintsuku ezingama-120;
• inyama esulelekileyo, iibhaktheriya ezinqabileyo ezinokuthi zingaphila unyaka;
• Ubisi lwe-Salmonella luqhubeka lukhona ukususela kwi-10 (kwifudumala) ukuya kwi-20 (kwifriji) iintsuku;
• Umsebenzi obalulekileyo wale microorganisms ezinobungozi ebhotela uhlala kwiinyanga ezine;
• Eqanda, iibhaktheriya zihlala zize zifike kunyaka, kwaye kwi-shell-malunga neentsuku ezingama-20.

Ukushisa okufanelekileyo kokuzaliswa okusebenzayo kwe-salmonella ngu-37 ° C, ngoko umzimba womntu uthathwa njengengxubevange. Ukuveliswa ngokukhawuleza kwezinto ezinobungozi ezinobungozi kwenzeka nakwiqriji. Kule meko, ngexesha lokushushu kobushushu kwimveliso yesifo, iibhaktheriya ziyaqhubeka zihlala ixesha. Ngokomzekelo, ekudleni inyama ye-salmonella iyatshatyalaliswa kwiqondo lokushisa lama-70 ° C kwaye emva kwemizuzu engama-10 emva kokuqala kokupheka. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, iimveliso kufuneka zithotywe ngonyango olushushu.

I-salmonella isasazwa njani?

Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokusuleleka. I-Salmonella ebantwini ingabonakala ngenye yeendlela ezilandelayo:

1. Indlela ye-Fecal-oral- ngokusebenzisa ukutya, amanzi, uthuli, apho iibhaktheriya zifumaneka kwi-droppings ezomileyo zendalo ezikhuselweyo.
2. Ngoqhagamshelwano - ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo eziqhelekileyo, izinto zokuhlambulula uqobo, isixhobo sonyango esincinciweyo kunye nokunye okunjalo.
3. Ukutshintshwa kweebhaktheriya ngama-parasites - iimpukane, iindiza. Ukuqhaqhaqhaqhaqhaqhaqho kwenzeka rhoqo ngexesha lokutshisa.

Ukuba sibheka i-salmonellosis ngokubanzi, iimpawu kubantu abadala zibonakaliswe ngendlela enzima kwezi zigulane:

• nde zeleka kwegazi;
• emva kwe- intestinal dysbiosis ;
• nge-secretion ephantsi yesantya sesisu;
• kwimvelaphi yezilwanyana ezivuthayo.

I-Salmonellosis - ixesha lokunyusa

Ubude beli nqanaba nganye kwimeko nganye. Ixesha lokuxubusha lihlala kwiiyure ezingama-6 ukuya kwiintsuku eziliqela. Emva kokuqhagamshelana nomphathi we-salmonellosis, usulelo luya kwenzeka kwiirhafu ezinjalo:

• izibane - zibonakaliswa phantse emva kokusuleleka (iintlobo zesisu zesifo);
• kwisithuba seentsuku ezingama-40 emva kokusuleleka-olu hlobo luphawu lwesimo esifana nesifo se-typhoid yesifo;
• ukuthutha isifo - iimpawu azibonakali, kodwa umntu ngokwakhe uyingozi kwabanye.

Salmonellosis - Ukuxilongwa

Ngexesha lokutyelela kokuqala kwesigulane, ugqirha uya kumbuza ngokubanzi malunga nezikhalazo kunye nentlalo-ntle. Emva kokuvavanywa kwembonakalo, ingcali iza kubhekisela kumntu ofake isicelo kuye ukuze afumane iimviwo ezongezelelweyo. Uhlalutyo lwe-salmonellosis lubandakanya isifundo:

• utywala;
• umchamo;
• igazi;
• hlamba amanzi;
• uhlanza.

Ngaphambi kokuba udlule iimfesi ze-salmonellosis, kufuneka ulungiselele ngokufanelekileyo. Kwiintsuku ezi-3 phambi kokufunda, kubalulekile ukuyeka ukuthatha imithi ejolise ekuphuculeni amathumbu emathunjini. Ukongeza, iintsuku ezingama-2 phambi kwesilingo, izigulane zifakwe ngaphandle kwimizi yokugulisa isigulane esinegulane. Izinto eziphenywayo mazibe zintsha. Oku kwandisa ukunyaniseka kweziphumo ezifunyenweyo.

Iimpawu ze-salmonellosis kumntu omdala

Iimpawu ziyahlukahluka kuxhomekeka kwiintlobo zesifo. Iimpawu ze-salmonella kubantu abadala abanomzimba wesisu sesifo zibonakalisa ngokwalo lulandelayo:

• intlungu ebuhlungu emvelweni;
• iingubo ezimhlophe ngolwimi ;
• isifo sohudo (isitulo nge-mucus kunye ne-foam);
• ukuhlanza;
• tachycardia;
• ukunciphisa uxinzelelo lwegazi;
• ingxaki yesifo;
• ukuphosa;
• ubushushu bomzimba + 39 ° С;
• intloko.

Impawu ze-salmonella ezifana ne-salmonella kubantu abadala zilandelayo:

• ukuguquka;
• ukwanda kwentengane nesibindi;
• i-rashes ekhumbeni;
• luhlobo olumnyama olulwimi;
• ukutyhafa kunye neengcamango;
• iimpawu eziqhelekileyo ze-malaise.

Izimpawu ze-Septic salmonelis ku badala zi:

• ubume besikhumba;
• i-pustules kumzimba;
• ukujuluka okukhulu;
• bhinqa.

Ukushisa kwi-salmonellosis

Le ngenye yeziganeko eziphambili zesifo. Ngokugula okumnene, ubushushu bubuncinane. Ngamanye amagama, aphezulu ngaphezu kwe-38 ° C. Ngesifo esibi, iirhafu zayo zinganda ukuya ku-39 ° C. Ingakanani izinga lokushisa lihlala kwi-salmonellosis, kuxhomekeke kwimeko yesifo, iqondo kunye nokukhuseleka kwesigulane. Ngokuqhelekileyo i-feverish state ibona iintsuku eziyi-3-4.

Cal e salmonellosis

Esi sifo esithathelwanayo, izitenki ziyakunamanzi okanye i-mushy. Zininzi, ziphosa. Ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwimibala eluhlaza obomvu. Ngokuqhelekileyo emanzini athengisa i-muscus elamkelekileyo kunye negazi (imfesi iba ngumthunzi "wezilwanyana zenyama"). Ngokwamaxesha amaninzi, le miqondiso ye-salmonellosis ivela:

• ngesimo esifanelekileyo sokugula-ukuya kumaxesha amahlanu ngosuku;
• kwimeko yokuqhathaniswa kwesi sifo - ngokuphindwe kuma-10 ngosuku;
• ifomu elibi - ukuya kumaxesha angama-20 ngosuku.

Salmonellosis - unyango

Emva kokufumana iziphumo kwizifundo zokuxilonga kunye nokuhlolwa kwemiboniso yesigulane, ugqirha ukhetha irejimen yonyango efanelekileyo. Kwinqanaba eliphakathi kunye elinzima nesifo, kunye nekhosi eqhubekayo yokugula komntu oye wabhekisana nabo, bayabhedlelelwa esibhedlele. Ngokugula kancinci, unyango lunokwenziwa ekhaya phantsi kweliso logqirha.

Nantsi indlela yokuphatha i-salmonella ngamachiza:

• Ukusetyenziswa kwe-Glucosolan, Regidron okanye iCitroglucosolane isetyenziswa;
• xa unyango lwe-parenteral lisetyenziselwa iClosol okanye iTrisol;
• xa idibeneyo, isisombululo se-glucose ijojowe kwangaphakathi;
• Phakathi kweentlobo zeScecta kunye ne-carbon esebenzayo;
• Ngokuqhelekileyo ukutyumba iimveliso ezinjalo ze-biological - Lineks, Bactisubtil, Hilak forte;
• i-antispasmodics isetyenzisiweyo - uPataverin noNo-shpa;
• Nge-antidiarrheal therapy, i- Indomethacin isoloko imiselwe.

Emva kwe-salmonellosis, isondlo esikhethekileyo imiselwe. Ukutya kufaka ukusetyenziswa kokutya okulandelayo:

• Ukupheka kwi-porridge yamanzi (irayisi, i-buckwheat okanye i-semolina);
• Iimveliso ezinobisi ezinqatyisiweyo ezincinci;
• i-kisels;
• iintlanzi ezincikiweyo kunye nenyama (ebilisiwe);
• iifatata ezifihliweyo (emanzini ngaphandle kweoli);
• abaculi;
• mix mix of apples, bananas and carrots.

Salmonellosis - antibiotics

Uninzi lweengcambu ezinobungozi ezinobungozi ezichasene neziyobisi ezichasayo. Ngenxa yoko, iziyobisi zeli qela zisetyenziselwa kuphela kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu - xa iimpawu ze-salmonellosis kubantu abadala zizele. Ukusetyenziswa kakubi kwee-antibiotics kuyingozi kwimpilo. Ezi ziyobisi zivimbela ukugqithiswa kweetekisi kunye neebhaktheriya ezazisasaza. Ngenxa yoko, iimpawu ze-salmonellosis zibonakaliswa kubantu abadala abanomlinganiselo omkhulu, obonisa ukuxiliswa komzimba.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, eli nyanga lichazwe kumaxabiso ahlukeneyo amabini. Kwinqanaba lokuqala, unyango lwe-salmonellosis kubantu abadala abane-antibacterial agents lwenziwa emva kweentsuku ezintathu emva kokuqala kweempawu. Amachiza alawulwa nge-intravenously okanye nge-intramuscularly. Xa kunokwenzeka ukunciphisa ukuxhatshazwa, isigulane sidluliselwa kwi-antibiotics kwifomu yebhebhile. Ubungakanani bendawo nganye yokunyanga iintsuku ezingama-7. Xa ufumene i-salmonella kubantu abadala, i-antibiotic elandelayo imiselwe:

• Ceftriaxone;
• Norfloxacin;
• Levofloxacin;
• Ciprofloxacin.

I-Serum ngokumelene ne-salmonellosis

Ekulweni nalesi sifo, amayeza anefuthe le-antitoxic asetyenziswa. Ezi zilungiselelo zenziwe ngamaqhekeza okuphindaphinda izilwanyana ezigonywe. Egazini banomxholo omkhulu wee-antibodies. I-serum egqityiweyo igcinwa kulondolozo, evumela ukuba kugcinwe umsebenzi wayo kunye neempahla zokuqala. Xa i-Salmonella ifunyaniswa, unyango nabantu abadala kweli qela kufuneka lenziwe ngokuqapha. Zilawulwa ngokukhawuleza.

Iziphumo ze-salmonellosis

Inkxalabo eqhelekileyo kwesi sifo kukudambisa amanzi. Ukongezelela, kunokubakho amandla okukhuseleka kunye nokuphulwa kwe-microflora. I-Salmonellosis kubantu abadala bahlala bechukumisa imiphumo emibi kakhulu. Eyona yingozi kakhulu ingxaki ezinjalo:

• edema yecerebral;
• pneumonia;
• ukuhluleka kwentliziyo;
• pancreatitis;
• isifo samathambo;
• ukutshatyalaliswa okunesifo esiyingozi;
• peritonitis;
• usulelo lwee-ovari;
• iziphumo ezibulalayo.

Prophylaxis ye salmonellosis

Amanyathelo okukhusela anceda ukukhuselwa ekukhuselweni. Uthintelo lujolise ekuqhutyweni kokutshitshiswa kokutya kunye nokuthotyelwa kwemigaqo yokucoceka.

Ukukhusela isifo salmonellosis kuya kunceda ezinjalo izenzo:

1. Awukwazi ukuthenga ukutya okuphelile.
2. Imfuyo kufanele iphekwe kakuhle okanye ifakwe.
3. Phuza ubisi obilisiwe.
4. Ukusebenza ngenyama kunye neentlanzi, imimese eyahlukeneyo kunye neebhodi zokusika kufuneka zisetyenziswe. Ukuba oku akunakwenzeka, iindawo kunye nezixhobo kufuneka zihlambuluke kwaye zifefe ngamanzi abilayo.
5. Kubalulekile ukushiya iGogol-Mogul.
6. Ukutya okulungele ukugcinwa kufuneka kugcinwe kwifriji.
7. Kucebisekile ukulahla ukudla okutya kwiindawo zokutya ezikarhulumente. Intlekele enjalo iyingozi kakhulu ehlobo.
8. Ngaphambi kokusetyenziswa, imifuno kunye neziqhamo kufuneka zihlambuluke.
9. Qiniseka ukuba uhlamba izandla ngaphambi kokutya, emva kokuya kwindlu yangasese kwaye uhamba ngaphandle.