Iimephu zephathekayo - isicwangciso esitsha, kodwa esele sasiyifumene kwisiglobongela, esichaphazelekayo malunga neendlela zobuchule. Iingcali zezengqondo ezisebenzisa iimephu ezinxulumene nomsebenzi wazo ziqinisekisa ukuba ziyasebenza. Ukudibanisa le ndlela kukuba kunokwenzeka ukuba kusebenze ngamaphupha kunye nokuzimela ngokuphuhliswa kwamandla okudala, ingcinga .
Iyiphi imephu engqinelanayo?
Iimephu zokudibanisa ezixhasayo (MAK) - isethi yamaphupha okanye amakhadikhadi, achaza iintlobo ezahlukahlukeneyo, izibalo, ubuso, ubunjani, izinto, izilwanyana, ukuchithwa. Kutheni sifuna iimephu ezinokuthi ngamanye amaxesha zibonakale zilula nemifanekiso engaphambili? Iingcali zengqondo zithi ukuqala kobuqhetseba bukhohlisayo, kwaye ukusebenza kunye neemephu kuluhlu lwezinto ezininzi kwaye kunika ukuphulukisa okumangalisayo, ukunyanga kwexesha elifutshane.
Iimephu zengqondo kwizengqondo
Iimephu zeempawu ezinomsebenzi weengcali zengqondo zixhobo ezinamandla kwaye ezisebenzayo ezikuvumela ukuba uhlolisise imibutho kunye nemifanekiso yomntu ophantsi kwengqondo. Inyaniso eyaziwayo ukuba ingqondo engathandekiyo iyahluleka ukubonakaliswa, kwaye ubuchule obunjalo njengokuba i-MAK inceda ekugqibeleni ukuxhatshazwa kwaye ukufumanisa izizathu ezizenzekelayo zokuziphatha ezingafaniyo zokuziphatha, impendulo.
Injongo yokusebenza ngeemephu zeempawu
I-Psychosomatics kunye neepopu zeempawu ezinjengendlela yokuxilongwa sele zisetyenziswe kumsebenzi weengqondo zengqondo ukuze zichonge ingxaki ebenokubangela ukuphuhliswa kwimeko ekhoyo, isifo. Naluphi na indawo yengqondo, nokuba yintsapho, umntu okanye iqela, unokusebenzisa imephu ezinxulumana njengesixhobo esinceda kakhulu. Iinjongo zokusebenza ne-IAC:
- ukukhawulwa kwengqiqo;
- ukuphunyezwa kweengxoxo "zangaphakathi zangaphandle";
- ukuhlaziywa kweemeko ezidlulileyo, ezibangele ukuvela kwe- phobia , i-neurosis, i-psychotrauma;
- ukucaciswa kwamava kunye neemfuno;
- ukugqitywa kweziganeko "ezingapheli" ezithatha amandla;
- ukulandelelanisa umgca wexesha ukusuka kwixesha elidlulileyo ukuya kwixesha elizayo.
Iimephu zeempawu - iintlobo
Iimephu ezinjalo ezahlukeneyo - intsingiselo yeconki nganye ixhomekeke kumxholo. Kukho okugxininiswe ngakumbi, kodwa kukho yonke indawo. Kodwa bonke bayazinceda kakhulu. Eyona nto ithandwa kakhulu kwii-psychologists IAC:
- " Persona " - isethi yamakhadi ngobuso babantu, ebonisa imizwa eyahlukeneyo kwaye ithi;
- "I- Tandu / iTandu " - iimephu zokudibanisa zokusebenzela ubudlelwane phakathi kwezibini;
- "I- Ecco " - ukudalulwa kobuchule;
- " Ukujamelana / Ukujamelana " - sebenze ngengxaki yokugula ngengqondo;
- " ISaga / Saga " -ukuphuhliswa kwengcinga kunye nobuchule;
- " Nkosi " inceda ukubona umthombo;
- " Yena " ngumfazi wesitye, umthombo wamanzi;
- " Iifowuni kunye neengcango " - sebenza kunye namazwe, khangela izibonelelo, izisombululo ezintsha;
- " Ukususela kwisifuba sesikhathi esidlulileyo " - ukufundiswa kweengxaki zobuntwana, i-neuroses, ukufakela.
Unokukhetha njani imephu engumzekelo?
Iimaphu zezona zibalaseleyo zizo zidibanisa iinjongo, ukhetho kunye nokuthanda komntu. Unxibelelwano kunye nedonki luyakheka nge-intuitively, kuba ezinye zanele ukuphonsa umboniso kwidokethi ukuziva uxhamlwano kunye nezo mifanekiso ezifakwe kuso. Uya kuthembela iimvakalelo zakhe, zibambe ezandleni zakhe. Kwiofisi yeengqondo, umgaqo wokukhetha ipakethi yinto efanayo: ukuvumela iliso "lixhomeke" kwiplanga eliya kuphendula, ukuba kukho ezininzi (ngokuqhelekileyo zikhona). Uninzi lwee-IAC ezikhoyo zidibeneyo kwaye zivumela ukuba zifunde iindlela ezahlukeneyo zobomi.
Iimaphu zeempawu - indlela yokusebenza?
Ukusebenza ngeemephu zeempawu ziqala ngesicelo esivele sikhethwe ngumxhasi, ngoko oko afika kwi-psychologist. Ngomsebenzi ozimele, umgaqo wokuba neengxaki kunye nombuzo ochaphazelekayo nawo usebenza. Iimephu zeempawu zokuzivocavoca kunye nezindlela kwiplanga ngalinye liyakwazi ukuhluka, kodwa ngokubanzi, ekusebenziseni neemephu zeempawu, kukho izicwangciso ezimbini:
- Vula . Ngaphambi komntu, ipakethe iyahla. Ingcali yeengqondo ibuza umbuzo kwaye umthengi ukhetha amakhadi kwimeko yakhe, njengoko evakalelwa. Le nkqubo ithatyathwa njengekhuselekile, ilawulwa ngokupheleleyo, ebangela ukuzithemba nokuphumla, ukuxhalabisa kunciphise.
- Valiwe , okanye ngenye indlela inokuthiwa - ukuqikelela, le ndlela yindlela yokukhetha amakhadi angaboniyo, njengokuba kubungqina bendabuko, umzekelo weTarot. Le ndlela yokukhetha amakhadi angaqhelekanga ithatha umsebenzi ojulileyo kwaye ibonwa ngendoda njengomyalezo ovela phezulu, "umnwe wenkomo", eyenza ukuba ubuchule bube bukhangele ngakumbi, lunokwakheka, lunokwandisa uxhalaba, ngoko lusetyenziswa ngumgqirha emva kokusebenza kwindlela yokuvula.
Iinkqubo kunye neemephu zeempawu
Ukuxelwa kweenqwelomoya kwiimephu ezinxulumene nazo zingenziwa ngamacandelo alandelayo:
- Ukutshintsha kwendawo yokujonga (uMnu Egetmeyer). Amakhadi amabini athathwe ngokungekho nto. Omnye ufuzisela ingxaki, yesibini-isisombululo. Umntu uchaza ngokufutshane indlela awayijonga ngayo - isisombululo sengxaki ngokusebenzisa imifanekiso evela kwimaphu. Emva koko amakhadi ayabizwa kwakhona: enye eyayiyinkinga yaba sisisombululo kunye nangona kunjalo. Ukuhamba ukusuka kwelinye ilizwe ukuya kwelinye, unokwenza elinye ikariti ukusuka kwenye indawo.
- Umzobo . Thabatha ikhadi ngaphandle kwekhompyutheni kwaye uyibeke kwiphepha elingenanto, njengoko livakalelwa kwimeko. Umsebenzi ukudweba umfanekiso, ukuqhubekeka kwiphepha. Chaza oko kwenzeka.
- Uhlalutyo lobuhlobo obukhoyo . Ukuthabatha amakhadi angama-5, ngamnye kumbuzo othile, kwaye amakhadi iya kuba yimpendulo kule mibuzo:
- "Yintoni eye eyeka ukusebenza kule miba?";
- "Ngaba ndiwuxanduva lwam kulamano?";
- Uxanduva lomlingani? ";
- "Yintoni esebenzayo ubudlelwane?";
- "Yintoni eyenzekayo ukuze ulwalamano luguquke?"
Iimephu zoNxibelelwano zeMetaphorical - Uqeqesho
Amakhadi okuqeqesha amatshini asebenzisa kakuhle iingcali eziqinisekisiweyo okanye ababhali bezo ndawo onokuthanda ukuyisebenzisa emsebenzini wakho. Kukho iikhosi ezininzi kwiimephu zeempawu kwaye kunokwenzeka ukuba zibenze kude kwi-intanethi ukuba akukho nangoko ukuza kuqeqesho ngokwabo. Eyaziwayo namhlanje, iikhosi ezahlukeneyo zobugcisa bezobugcisa ziquka icandelo lomsebenzi kunye ne-IAC. Kodwa uqeqesho olunempumelelo kakhulu luyinto, amava ekusebenziseni iimephu kunye nokufunda uqeqesho lwezakhono, ukwabelana ngamava kwiibhola ezizinikezele ekusebenzisaneni kunye neendawo zokudibanisa.
Iimephu zeempawu - iincwadi
Iimephu ezinxulumene zibhekisela kwiindlela zobuchule ezicatshulwa njengesixhobo esisebenzisekayo sogqirha wengqondo. Umcebisi ngamnye unendawo yakhe yokuthandayo, kungekhona yonke inzuzo, kuba iimephu zendlela ezinxulumene nazo zixhobo ezininzi. Ngokubanzi, kukho imigaqo eqhelekileyo yokusebenza kunye neemaphu. Ezinye izithandwayo ezidumile zithanda kakhulu izazi zengqondo, kwaye onke amava azuziweyo abonakala kwiincwadi ezilandelayo:
- " Iimaphu zamaphepha " G. Katz, E. Mukhamatulina. Ukusetyenziswa kweemephu ezinxulumene nokucebisa, ukuqeqeshwa kwezoshishino, umsebenzi ngamnye kunye nabantwana abadala. Ubume obubanzi beefaki ezahlukeneyo.
- " Iimephu ezinxulumene nomsebenzi onzima kwimeko " uN. Dmitriev, N. Buravtseva. Le ncwadana iya kuba luncedo ekusebenzisaneni nabantwana abaselula, ekunyanga kweemeko zengxaki. Le ncwadi inomdla kubafundi kwaye sele sele iyingcali.
- " Iimephu ezinxulumeneyo ezinxulumene neengcebiso zentsapho " S. Tolstaya. Le ncwadana ichaza ubuchule kunye nobuchule obusebenzayo bokusebenza kunye namaqela ahlukeneyo, kubonisa imiba yokusebenza kwezi nkqubo zeentsapho ezilandelayo: umtshato, umzali womntwana kunye nomntakwabo.
- " Uchwepheshe we-MAC ngamaxesha onke " T. Demeshko. Izinto eziyimfuneko ezichazwe kwincwadi zihlola imiba yomsebenzi kunye nempilo, imfundo, inqanaba lobudlelwane bosapho, imali.
- " Kususela ebomini bomntu wonke " Iimephu zeempawu ezinomsebenzi weqela. T. Pavlenko. Le ncwadana iqulethwe ngamacandelo ahlukeneyo okusebenza kunye namaqhosha kwaye ichukumisa ngesihloko sokukhathazeka kokuziphatha kokutya-njani oku kusebenza nge-IAC.
Uphando lwezesayensi kwiimephu ezinxulumene neempawu
Amaphu amaphepha anxulumeneyo - amanqaku amaninzi ebhaliweyo kulo mbandela, amaninzi amanqanaba okubhala kunye neengodo eziye zaphuhliswa. Ekuhambeni kweso sifundo kwaqinisekiswa ukuba ingqondo engqondweni yabantu "icinga" ngeempawu kunye nemifanekiso, yilwimi elula ukuthetha ngaphandle kwento esekweni , kodwa umphumo uhlala unomdla. Into engenakutsholwa kwaye ichazwe ngokuthe ngqo kwindlela yokubonisana rhoqo iyafumaneka ngokulula xa isebenzisana neemephu ezinxulumeneyo - oku kuyindlela enkulu yokwelapha.