Extrasystole - iimpawu

I-Extrasystolia kukuphulwa kwentliziyo yesigqithiso, ehambelana nokubonakala kweengxabano ezinokuqala okanye ezibiniweyo eziphambili zentliziyo (i-extrasystoles) ezibangelwa ukutshutshiswa kwe-myocardial ngezizathu ezahlukahlukeneyo. Olu luhlobo oluqhelekileyo lokuphazamiseka kwengqondo ( arrhythmia ), efumaneka kwi-60-70% yabantu.

Ulwahlulo lwe-extrasystole

Ngokuxhomekeke kwendawo yokwakhiwa kwe-ectopic foci yolonwabo, ezi zilandelayo zihlobo zentlupheko:

• i-extrasystole;
• i-extrasystole yangaphambili (i-acrial, evela kwi-nodeticistory node);
• i-atrioventricular extrasystole.

Ngokuxhomekeka kwimiba yokubonakala, ama-extrasystoles ayahluka:

• ongatshatanga;
• zidibeneyo (ezimbini ezilandelayo kumqolo);
• iqela (ngaphezulu kwembini).

Ubume beentlobo zee-extrasystoles zihlukanisa u-extrasystole:

• nqabile (ngaphantsi kwe-5 ngomzuzu);
• umyinge (6 - 15 ngomzuzu);
• rhoqo (ngokuqhelekileyo 15 ngomzuzu).

Into etiological ithi:

1. Izidakamizwa eziqeshwe ngokusebenzayo - iingxaki zengqungquthela kubantu abanobungozi obangelwa ukuthwala utswala, iziyobisi, ukutshaya, ukusela i-tea eqinile okanye ikhofi, kunye neendlela ezahlukahlukeneyo zentshukumo, ukuxinezeleka kwengqondo, imeko ezixinzelelekileyo.
2. Izidakamizwa zendalo - zivela kumonakalo we-myocardial: isifo senhliziyo, i-myocardial infarction, i-cardiosclerosis, i-cardiomyopathy, i-pericarditis, i-myocarditis, umonakalo we-myocardial kwi-cardiac operations, i-amyloidosis, i-sarcoidosis, i-hemochromatosis, njl njl.
3. Izidakamizwa ezityhefu zenzeke kwiimeko zesifo somlilo, i-thyrotoxicosis, njengempembelelo ecaleni emva kokuthatha imithi ethile (i-caffeine, ephedrine, novorrin, i-antidressress, i-glucocorticoids, i-diuretics, njl.

Iimpawu zesifo senhliziyo

Kwezinye iimeko, ngokukodwa kwimvelaphi yemvelo yee-extrasystoles, akukho zibonakaliso zekliniki zecrasystole. Kodwa ke kunjalo kunokwenzeka ukutyhila inani leembonakalo zalo mzimba. Ngokuqhelekileyo, izigulane zizenza izikhalazo ezilandelayo:

• uvakalelo lweentlanzi kunye neentliziyo ezinamandla;
• ukuvakalelwa, ukuyeka kwentliziyo;
• umvakalelo 'wokuguqula' intliziyo kwisifuba.

Ukubonakala kweempawu ezinjalo kubonakaliso lwe-extrasystole esebenzayo:

• iphosa;
• khulisa;
• ukuvakalelwa ngomoya;
• ukuziva uxhalabe, ukwesaba.

I-extrasystole ye-Ventricular ingabonakalisa ngeempawu kunye neempawu:

• iimvakalelo zokuphazamiseka emsebenzini weentliziyo;
• ukungcola;
• buthathaka;
• intlungu;
• ukuphefumula okufutshane ;
• nevakalelo zokungabikho komoya.

Iimpawu ze-extrasystole zisezantsi ziyafana, nangona kunjalo, njengommiselo, le ndlela yokukhubazeka ilula kakhulu.

ECG iimpawu ze-extrasystole

Indlela ephezulu yokuxilongwa kwe-extrasystole yi-electrocardiography ye-cardiac (ECG). Isiqhelo esiqhelekileyo saluphi na uhlobo i-extrasystole yintsikelelo yokuqala yentliziyo - ukuncishiswa kwexesha eliphambili leRR kwi-electrocardiogram.

Ukuqwalaselwa kwe-ECG ye-Holter nayo ingenziwa - inkqubo yokuxilongwa apho isigulane sigqoke idivayisi ye-ECG ephathekayo kwiiyure ezingama-24. Ngexesha elifanayo, idayari igcinwa, apho zonke izigulana eziphambili zesigulane (ukuphakamisa, ukutya, ukunyama ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo, utshintsho lweemvakalelo, ukutshatyalaliswa kwenhlalakahle, ukuhlala umhlalaphantsi, ukuvuswa kwelanga) kubhalwe ngexesha. Kwindlela yokuxolelana ngokulandelelana kwe-ECG kunye nedatha yeDayari, i-arrhythmias ye-cardiac (nonxulumene noxinzelelo, ukusebenza ngokomzimba, njl njl. Njl) ingafunyanwa.