Imemori kwi Psychology

Impawu eziphambili zememori kwengqondo yinkcazo yayo njengomsebenzi wengqondo, inokukwazi ukuyithatha, ukuyigcina kwaye isebenzise ulwazi oluvela kuzo zonke iintlobo zintlanu ezisisiseko zomntu: ukubona, ukuva, ukunambitha, ukuthintela kunye nokuvumba. Olu luhlobo lweematriki, apho i-database epheleleyo yazo zonke iimeko ezifumanekayo zobomi bomntu, idibanisa ixesha layo elidlulileyo kunye nelikhoyo, ngaphandle kokuba luntu lungaze lusinde kwaye luguquke njengezilwanyana eziphilayo. I-Psychology, njengenzululwazi, ngokungafani nonyango, isebenza ngokuyinhloko ngememori yengqondo, nangona iindidi zayo zezofuzo zikwaqwalaselwa, ingakumbi xa kuqikelelwe inxalenye yelifa kwiinkqubo zengqondo yomntu kunye nokuvavanya iqondo lokuphambuka kwabo.

Ulibale okanye ukhumbule?

Ukuba sithetha ngeendlela zeememori, ngoko kwi-psychology, bahlula kwimisebenzi yabo eyintloko: imfuneko yokukhumbula ulwazi oluye lwafunyanwa, ulondoloze, luvelise xa luyimfuneko, uze ulibale ukuba luba lukhuni. Ngendlela, ukulibala akuthethi ukususa ngokupheleleyo iifayile ezingadingekile. Zivele zifakwa kwi "archives" ezicaceleyo kwaye zikhishwe apho ngenxa yesicelo esishukumisayo saloo nxalenye yolwazi lwethu olujongene namava okuphila kwangoku kwaye uyayicoca ngokubaluleka.

Isisitshixo sokuphumelela kunoma yiluphi uhlobo lomsebenzi wabantu kukuphuhliswa kwememori , kunye neengqondo zinika ezininzi iindlela ezingakunceda ukukhumbula ulwazi olubaluleke kakhulu kwiinkcukacha ezincinci kwaye uhlale ixesha elide. Ngokwemvelo, isiseko sokuqwalasela kunye nokukhutshwa kwememori kwengqondo yengqondo ibhalwe phantsi ebuntwaneni kwaye iqala ukwakha isiseko esiqinileyo so "ilayibrari yolwazi oluqokelelweyo lwehlabathi langaphandle" kangcono kwiminyaka elishumi yokuqala yobomi bomntwana, kuba imemori yabantwana ihamba kakuhle kwaye ixhomekeke, nakuba , ukuba ufuna nokusebenzisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokukhunjulwa, kunokwenzeka ukuba ufunde ngokukhawuleza ukukhupha "kwindawo yokugcina yengcinga" zonke iinkcukacha eziyimfuneko okwangoku.

Emva kwesinyathelo, amanyathelo amabini ...

Isakhiwo sememori kwengqondo yengqondo ngokuqhelekileyo yinkalo yesithathu yamanqanaba, amanyathelo ayo ahlelwe ngokubhekiselele kulawulo lolawulo lwexesha lawo.

1. Imemori ebonakalayo . Eyona mfutshane ngexesha liyimemori yecala, ixesha lokugcinwa kwedatha okuyiyo, kumandla, isiqingatha sesibini. Iqhuba iinkcukacha ezivela kwiintsingiselo, kwaye ukuba "amagunya aphezulu" ngokwemiqathango ethile yeengqondo ayibonakali ngokufanelekileyo ngenxa yoko, inxalenye yecandelo leememori yethu inokukhusela ngokukhuselekileyo izinto eziyimfuneko kwi "basketball" yayo kwaye izalise iiseli ngolwazi olutsha.
2. Imemori yesikhashana . Inqanaba elilandelayo kumanqanaba ethu imemori yesikhashana , ebudeni besikhathi sokusebenza kwayo idlula enye inzwa, kodwa kunjalo, nayo inokulinganiselwa kwayo. Ngokomzekelo, imiqulu yezinto ezigcinwe ziyancishiswa zibe yi-5-7 iiyunithi zolwazi. Kwaye i-7 ngumda kwaye ukuba ufuna ukufumana ulwazi olungakumbi, ngoko ingqondo kufuneka ihleleke kwakhona iimpawu, ukwenzela ukuba ivumelane nabo kwiiseli ezi-7 ezabiwe imemori yesikhashana.
3. Imemori yexesha elide . Kwixesha elide lokugcinwa kunye nokuphindaphinda kwakhona kweememori, kukho imemori ende ende, enezinto ezingonakaliyo, ngokukodwa, ixesha elithathayo lokufumana ulwazi olufanelekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, umatshini wonke usebenza ngokukhawuleza kwaye ngokufanelekileyo, ngoko ubuninzi beenkcukacha eziceliwe "zihanjiswa etafileni" ngexesha kwaye ngokufanelekileyo ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka.

Ngaloo ndlela, ubukho bendawo yokucatshulwa kwememori ecacileyo kwi-psychology yabantu kunye nokusetyenziswa kwayo yonke le nqanaba kusenza sihlole kwakhona amava ethu obomi, kokubili ngokomzimba nangokomzwelo, imiba yayo.

Siyakhumbula kwakhona iimpazamo ezenziwe ngokwahlukana nabathandekayo kwaye ukuba umlilo ushushu kwaye unokushiya ukutshisa esikhumbeni. Zonke iinkqubo ezenzeka kwiinkqubo eziyinkimbinkimbi, ezicwangcisiweyo zeememori zibaluleke kakhulu ukugcinwa komsebenzi obaluleke ngokubanzi, zomzimba zomntu wonke, kunye nokudala izimo zengqondo zengqondo. Ngokukodwa, iziganeko ezinemibala enommoya omhle, sikhumbula ixesha elide kunanaluphi uvakalelo olubuhlungu, umzekelo, iintlungu zokuzalwa kumfazi. Ukuba iinkumbulo ezinjalo zilibalekile ixesha elide ezingqondweni zethu, uluntu luya kufa nje njengezilwanyana, ezingafuneki ukuba zihlale zixhamla kwiimifanekiso ezibuhlungu zentlungu edluliselweyo kwimemori.

Uhlobo luye lucinga yonke yethu kwaye luhlala luya kuthi sibulele kuye yonke iimeko ezimnandi zobomi bethu, esizikhumbuzayo nakwizinto ezintle esizikhumbule ngazo esinethuba lokufunda, ukufunda.