Qinisekisa okanye uphikise ukukhula kwe-neoplasm eyingozi kwi-digestive tract, kunye nokuvavanya ukuphumelela kwonyango kuvumela umntu onqamle kwi-REA. Le glycoprotein iphinda ikhiqizwe kubantu abadala, kodwa ngexabiso elincinci. Ngokuphuhliswa komhlaza, le nxalenye yeprotheni-carbohydrate ingaphezu kwemilinganiselo emida.
Kuthetha ntoni i-CEA okanye i-CEA?
Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba zombini kwezi zifinyezo zibhekisela kwi-glycoprotein efanayo. Kuphela i-CEA ye-abbreviation ivela kwi-English Carcinoembryonic Antigen (i-carcinoembryonic antigen), kwaye i-CEA ixutywa njengomhlaza we-anti-embryonic antigen. Ngexesha lokuphuhliswa kwe-intrauterine ye-fetus, isakhi esicatshungulwayo sisenziwa ngokunyanisekileyo ngamalungu esondlo sesisu, kuyimfuneko ukukhuthaza nokuqinisa ukuveliswa kweeseli. Injongo yexabiso elincinci lalo mntu uphambili kubantu abadala alukasekwa.
Yintoni i-ECA oncomarker bonisa?
I-glycoprotein ichazwe ngenjongo yokufumanisa izifo ezihlambalayo, ngokuqhelekileyo izicubu ze-rectum kunye nomathumbu omkhulu.
Nangona kunjalo, i-CEA yomatshini womhlaza okanye i-anti-cancer embryonic i-antigen ayikwazi ukuthathwa njengeyakheko elithembekileyo, ekubeni ingqwalasela yayo inokunyuka nakwii-pathologies ezingezizo. Ngokomzekelo, i-CEA iyanda kwimeko yokuqhubela phambili kweenkqubo ezizenzekelayo kunye nokuvuvukala kwizitho zangaphakathi.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, uvavanyo lwe-CEA lunqunywe ukuxilongwa kwe-colon yomhlaza okanye umhlaza wesifo somhlaza, ngenxa yokuba lo vavanyo lunentsholongwane ephezulu kulezi ziphuzo ezimbi. Ukongeza, isifundo singasetyenzwa njengesigxina esongezelelweyo sesisu kwisisu, imiphunga, ubisi kunye ne-pancreas, i-prostate, i-ovaries, kwakunye nokufumaneka kweemastastas emathanjeni nasesibindi.
I-Oncologists ihlala iphakamisa umnikelo wegazi rhoqo kwi-CEA ummakishi womhlaza xa isigulane sele sele senziwe unyango okanye senze utyando ukususa i-tumor. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, ukuxinwa kweprotheni-carbohydrate idibanisi iya kubonisa ukuba indlela ekhethiweyo yokwelapha yayisiphumelele kangakanani, ingaba ukubuyela kwakhona kwesi sifo kunokwenzeka.
I-Norm ye-onomarker REA
Ngomntu onempilo, inani le-glycoprotein CEA akufanele lidlule kwi-3.8-4 ng / igazi. Isiphumo soluhlalutyo, oluphakathi kwezi mida, lubonisa umngcipheko ophantsi wokuhlamba isifo somhlaza.
Ngexesha elifanayo, uvavanyo lwe-CEA alukhathaleli kwezinye izicubu ezingaphandle kwendlela yokuxhamla.
Kutheni u-CEA oncomarker angakhuthazwa?
Uxinzelelo olwandisiweyo lwe-protein-carbohydrate i-REA lubonakala kwiimvumba ezimbi ezinjalo:
- i rectum;
- emathumbu amakhulu;
- esiswini;
- intloko yamathambo;
- imiphunga;
- i pancreas;
- i-metastases kwisibindi kunye namathambo esifuba.
Kukho nezizathu ezingezizo zee-ecological zokwandisa i-CEA:
- isilitis;
- i-hepatitis engapheliyo;
- isifo sofuba;
- pancreatitis;
- bronchitis;
- i-cirrhosis yesibindi;
- cystic fibrosis;
- ii-polyps kwi-rectum okanye emathunjini amakhulu;
- Sesifo sikaCrohn;
- pneumonia;
- zizodwa zonyango;
- emphysema yemiphunga ;
- ukungasebenzi.
Ngaphezu koko, ukunyuka okuncinci kumxholongwane womhlaza womzimba wamanzi obushushu kubonwa ngabashushu. Kubo, kwanamanani oqhelekileyo kwi-CEA ashintshiwe ukusuka ku-0 ukuya ku-5.5 ng / ml. Izibonakaliso ezifanayo zisetyenziselwa abo baxhaphaza kakhulu iziyobisi ezinxilisayo.