Iifoni ziqokelele izicubu ze-lymphoid ezisecaleni lomlomo kunye nasopharynx. Ziyinxalenye yesistim somzimba, khusela umzimba kwiibhaktheriya ezahlukeneyo kunye neentsholongwane ezingena kwi-nasopharynx. Ngokunciphisa ekukhuselweni okubangelwa yilo okanye kwesizathu, umsebenzi okhuselekileyo weetoni unobuthathaka. Iimpawu ze-microbes zihlala phantsi, ziqokelele kwaye ngenxa yoko kukho ukutshaya kweetoni.
Uhlobo lokuvuvukala kweetoni
Kukho iitoni ezintandathu emqaleni womntu:
- Iipalati zee-palatine (itoni). Kufumaneka ngaphakathi kwentamo, emva kolwimi kwaye kubonakala ukuba uvula umlomo wakho ngokubanzi. Ukuvuvukala kweetoni (tonsillitis) kwenzeka kaninzi kwaye kungabini kokubili (ikakhulukazi nge-angina) kwaye kungapheliyo.
- Iitoni ezifuthayo. Zidibeneyo, kodwa zizinzulu kwi-pharynx kwaye azibonakali.
- I-Pharyngeal tonsil. Itholakala kummandla we-arch kunye nodonga olusemva lwe-pharynx. Ukuvuvukala kwesi si-amygdala kuthiwa yi-adenoiditis, kunye neetoni ezifuthi zihlala zibandakanyeka kwinkqubo yokuvuvukala. I-Adenoids idlalwa rhoqo kwizingane zasesekondari kunye nabantwana bezikolo eziprayimari.
- Iingxowa zeelwimi. Itholakala kwingcambu yolwimi. Ukuvuvukala kwetonesil kungabonakali kakhulu, ngokuqhelekileyo kubantu abadala kunye nabantu abadala, kodwa kunzima.
Iimpawu zokuvuvukala kweetoni
Kwi-tonsillitis enzima (ukuvuvukala kweetoni zeelatine), ezi zilandelayo zibonakaliswa:
- ezinamandla (ukususela kuma-38 nangaphezulu) ukwanda kwindleko yokushisa;
- umqala;
- intlungu xa uginya;
- intloko;
- buthathaka;
- i-lymph nodes;
- ukuphazamiseka okanye ukulahleka kwezwi.
I-tonsillitis enobuchule kwimpilo yemihla ngemihla ibizwa ngokuba yi-angina. Nangona kunjalo, kufuneka kuphawulwe ukuba i-angina ingumtoniliti obangelwa yi-infection ye-streptococcal, kwaye uyayihlula kwi-tonsillitis yentsholongwane.
Ukuvutha okungapheliyo kweetoni ( i-tonsillitis engapheliyo ) kwenzeka ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwe-angina (ukuphindaphinda ifomu), okanye ngohlobo lwenkqubo ekhuphayo yokuvuvukala ngaphandle kwexesha elidlulileyo lokuxhatshazwa.
Ukuqhaqhazeka okungapheli kubonakaliswe ziimpawu ezilandelayo:
- ukunyuka kweetoni ngokukhulu;
- ubukho kwiintoni ze "stoppers" ezingcwele;
- ukuphefumula okubi ;
- i-hyperemia kunye ne-edema yesalathine.
Izibonakaliso zokuvuvukala kwinqanaba le-pharyngeal:
- kunzima ukuphefumula ngeempumlo;
- ukukhutshwa kwamanzi okanye i-mucopurulent ye-nasopharynx;
- ukwanda kweqondo lokushisa;
- kukho intlungu kwiindlebe.
Iimpawu zokuvuvukala kweetoni zomculo:
- ukwanda kweqondo lokushisa;
- kunzima ukugwinya;
- ubunzima bokuthetha;
- ubuhlungu obubukhali xa uxhoma ulwimi;
- emqaleni.
Indlela yokuphatha ukuvuvukala kweetoni?
Iifom eziqhelekileyo zokuvuvukala kweetoni ziphathwa ngendlela efanayo nawuphi na i-ARVI:
- Gcoba umhombo ngesisombululo se-soda, iodine (ama-3-5 amaconsi ngeglasi), i-furacilin, i-sage broth, i-chamomile, i-eucalyptus tincture.
- Ukufunyanwa kweziyobisi ezilwa ne-antipyretic.
- Ukusetyenziswa kweziphuzo ezifudumeleyo ngobuninzi.
- Ukufudumala kukuxinzezela entanyeni.
- Ukunyuleka kwamanzi.
- Kwi-diagnostic - i-tonsillitis, ukufumana i-antibiotics egqitywe ngugqirha kunye nokulungiselela ukugcinwa kwe-microflora yamathumbu.
- Ukufunyanwa kwamalungiselelo okuvithamini kunye nama-immunomodulators.
Ngokugqithisa okungapheliyo kweetoni, bahlamba (kuba ukuhlanjululwa akunikezi iqondo elifunekayo lokuhlanjululwa), i-lubrication kunye nezixazululo ze-iodine, i-lyugol, i-ultraviolet irradiation kunye nezinye iinkqubo ze-physiotherapeutic.
Ukuba iindlela zokuzikhusela aziyi kuba nefuthe, ukuphindaphinda kwakhona kubakho ngokunyuka kweqondo lokushisa, ukunyuka kwamafomu kwimeko yeengqungquthela, usulelo lusasazeka ngaphaya kwe-nasopharynx, ngoko unyango lwe-tonsillitis engapheliyo lwenziwa ngokugqithiseleyo, ngokususa iingqungquthela. Kwakhona, ukungenelela kwindlela yokuhlinzwa kuyasetyenziswa ekhatheni kwe-adenoids.