Ukusebenza ngokuqhelekileyo kwenkqubo ye-excretory, ukwakheka kokugqibela, kunye nokuqokelela kwamagqabi kunye nokuphuma kwayo, yi-rectum. Ingxenye engezantsi yeembilini ezinkulu kwaye i-15-20 cm kuphela ubude. Nangona kunjalo ubukhulu obuncinane, eli lilungu lithinteka kwiimeko ezininzi zezilwanyana. Unyango lwabo luncedo kakhulu xa kufike ixesha lokufumanisa i-tumor ye-rectum - iimpawu zesi sifo zixhomekeke kwimvelo kunye nomgangatho we-tumor, ubude bokukhula, ukukhula kunye nokuhlala kwendawo.
Ziziphi iimpawu zesifo sobuthakathaka obunobungozi?
Uhlobo oluthathwa ngolu hlobo lwezonyango lungabaninzi kwiindidi:
1. Izibilini ze-Epithelial:
- iipolisi ezixhamlayo;
- i-sacrococcygeal teratoma;
- isisu esibi.
2. Iipoplasms zezicubu ze-muscular kunye nezixhumo:
- fibroma;
- myoma;
- lipoma.
3. Ukuxhamla kwiimfumba zeempahla kunye neentsimbi:
- neurinoma;
- i-cavernous angioma;
- neurofibroma;
- lymphangioma.
Ngokuqhelekileyo ukwakheka kakubi kuguqulwa nge-epithelial neoplasms. Ngako oko, ingqwalasela ekhethekileyo ifanele iimpawu zesifo esiqhekezayo se-rectum ne-sacrococcygeal teratoma:
- iziphazamiso zesitopu;
- ukuphuma kwiinkqubo okanye ekupheleni kokuchaswa;
- i-anemia.
Kwiipolisi kukho izibonakaliso ezinjalo:
- intlungu yesisu;
- ukuhamba rhoqo kweembilini;
- ukukhulelwa kwegazi;
- ukungcola kwegazi kunye nenani elikhulu le-mucus emanzini;
- ukudinwa;
- emathunjini emathunjini.
Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba kwiimeko ezininzi, iipoplasms ezinobunzima zikhula ngaphandle kwemiboniso yekliniki kwaye ungakhathazeki mntu. Ziyabonwa yi-proctologist ngokukhawuleza, ngexesha lokuhlolwa kweempahla okanye iimviwo zamunwe, ngamanye amaxesha ngexesha lotyando.
Iimpawu zesifo esibuhlungu se-rectum
Kukho izigaba ezi-5 zokuphuhliswa komhlaza wesigungu esichazwe. Zibalwa ukusuka ku-0 ukuya ku-4, iinqanaba zokugqibela ezi-2 zokukhula kwe-neoplasm zibhekwa njengezinzima.
Ngelishwa, kumanyathelo okuqala (0-2), nayiphina impawu yesifo somhlaza wesigxina asikho ngokupheleleyo. Ubungakanani besakhiwo esibi asikho mncinci ukuvelisa iziphumo ezingekho embi emzimbeni, kwaye i-metastases ayengakhuli.
Njengoko i-neoplasm iyanda kwimiqulu kwaye ichaphazela izicubu ezikufutshane, kuquka i-lymph nodes, ubukho be-tumor bubonakala ngakumbi:
- ukungabikho kwegesi kunye nesitoloni;
- ukuqothulwa ;
- inzwa yomzimba wasemzini ngaphakathi emathunjini emva kwesenzo sokuchaswa;
- isifo sohudo;
- ukuphuma ngaphambi kokukhupha intlungu;
- utywala;
- intlungu kwisisu nangomqolo;
- ukukhulelwa kwegazi ;
- ukukhathala ngokukhawuleza;
- ukunyuka komzimba;
- ukukhutshwa kwegazi, i-mucus kunye nemfesi;
- ukuguquka.
Izibonakaliso zokutshatyalaliswa kwesisu se-rectum
Kwinqanaba lesine lokukhula kakubi, likhula ngokukhawuleza ngobukhulu, lizalise i-lumen ye-rectum, kwaye ivumela izidumbu zezilwanyana kwiindawo ezisondelene. Kwinqanaba elithile, i-tumor iqala ukubola, leyo ibangela ukukhululwa okukhulu kweetekisi kwi-lymph negazi.
Iimpawu zeli meko zifana neempawu zokuqhubela phambili komhlaza, kodwa zichazwe ngakumbi. Ukongezwa kuthiwa:
- ukunyamezela okukhulu;
- iminqweno yokuchasana malunga nama-10-15 amaxesha ngosuku;
- ukuhlanza okukhulu;
- ukugubha kwesisu nokubhubhisa;
- i-blanching yolusu;
- ukunqandwa kweentsuku ezi-4-5;
- nokwabiwa kwenani elikhulu lamathambo angamaqhekeza kunye namaqhekeza;
- ukunyanzeliswa kunye nentlungu eqhubekayo esiswini.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, kwimvelaphi yomhlaza, iinkqubo zokuvuvukala ziqala ukuba zinokunyusa ukwanda kweqondo lokushisa komzimba.