I-Bacteriophages - Iinjlobo kunye nenjongo

Eyona ndlela kuphela efanelekileyo yokusetyenziswa kwee-antibiotics ezivela kubhaktheriya be-pathogenic ukuya kumhla ziyi-phages okanye i-bacteriophages. Ziyi-virus ezikhethekileyo ezithintela iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-microbes. Amaqela amaninzi ayaziwa ngamachiza, apho i-bacteriophages ihlulwa - iindidi kunye nenjongo yalezi zixhobo ezincinci zenza isiseko sokwenza uluhlu olwamkelekileyo.

Ziziphi i-bacteriophages?

Kukho iintsapho ezingama-19 ze-virus. Ahluke ngohlobo lwe-nucleic acid (i-RNA okanye i-DNA), isakhiwo somzimba kunye nesimo.

Kwizonyango, i-bacteriophages ihlelwa ngokwezinga lokutshatyalaliswa kweebhaktheriya ze-pathogenic:

1. Efanelekileyo. Intsholongwane, ukungena kwiiseli ze-microbes, iqala ngokukhawuleza kwaye iyanda, ngokukhawuleza ikhokelela ekufeni kweebhaktheriya (umphumo we-lytic).
2. Eyona ndlela. I-Bacteriophages ihamba kancane kwaye ichithe inxalenye yendalo ye-microorganisms, kodwa yenza ukuba utshintsho olungenakuguquka kubo, oludluliselwa kwizizukulwana ezizayo ze-microbes (i-lysogenic effect).

Namhlanje, iindidi ezichazwe ngeentsholongwane zisetyenziswe ngenye indlela kumayeza okulwa namayeza ahlukeneyo. Phakathi kweenzuzo zabo, kubalulekile ukuphawula ezi zinto zilandelayo:

1. Indlela efanelekileyo yokukhululwa. I-bacteriophages iveliswa kumacwecwe kunye nesisombululo sokulawulwa komlomo.
2. Iziphumo ezimbi ezimbalwa. Ngokungafani nama-antibiotics, i-bacteriophages encinci ibangele ibonakalise ukubonakaliswa kwemvelo, ayivelisi imiphumo emibi emibini emzimbeni.
3. Ukungabi nentsholongwane yamachiza. Iibhaktheriya zinzima kunzima ukuzilungelelanisa kwiintsholongwane, kwaye iziphumo ezinzima zikunzima.

Kukho ukungalungi:

• ixesha elide lonyango (ukuya kwiintsuku ezingama-20);
• ubunzima ngokukhethwa kweqela elifanelekileyo leziyobisi;
• ukudluliselwa kwe-genome ye-bacteria kwi-microbe enye.

Iintlobo ze-bacteriophages kunye nokusetyenziswa kwazo

Ukunikezelwa kwimiba ethile yeentsholongwane ezichazwe, kwiyeza, i-bacteriophages ezinamaqela ahlukeneyo kunye neengqungquthela eziqulethe iintlobo ezininzi zezi ncinane ezincinci.

Apha, yintoni i-bacteriophages - uluhlu kunye nencazelo:

1. Umzimba. Ukuchaphazela kakubi izifo ezibangelwa ngumkhuhlane we-typhoid, i-salmonella.
2. I-Dysfag, isifo sesifo se-polyvalent. Isetyenziselwa ukwenziwa kwesifo sesifo segazi, kubangela ukufa kukaShigella Sonne kunye neFlexner.
3. Klebsifag, iKlebsiella pneumonia. Unceda ekunyangeni izifo ze-urrogenital, ukugaya ukutya, inkqubo yokuphefumula, i-septic pathologies jikelele, izifo ezikhuselweyo ezibangelwa yi- pneumonia klebsiella .
4. Klebsiellezny polyvalent. Yilungiso oluyinkimbinkimbi elibhubhisa uKlebsiella kungekhona kuphela imiphunga ye-pneumonia, kodwa i-rhinoscleromas, ozena.
5. Colitis, ukuba. Ukusebenza kwonyango lwawo naziphi na izifo zangaphakathi kunye nolusu olubangelwa ngu-E. coli enteropathogenic E. coli.
6. Coliproteophage, coliprotein. Ichaphazela kakubi ibhaktheriya ye-enteropathogenic i-Proteus ne-Escherichia. Yenzelwe unyango lwe-colpitis, i-cystitis, i-colitis, i-pyelonephritis kunye nezinye izifo ezibangelwa ngamathumbu emathumbu kunye neprot.
7. Proteophagus, Protean. Kubangelwa ukufa kweproteus microbes mirabilis kunye ne-vulgaris, eziyi-agents ezikhuselekileyo zokugulisa izibilini zamathumbu.
8. Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Lysers ibhakteria pseudomonas aeruginosis. Kunconywa ukuba i-dysbiosis, kwakunye nokunyangwa kovulo kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zomzimba ezibangelwa yiPseudomonas aeruginosa.
9. Staphylophage, staphylococcus. Ngokukhawuleza ayifumananga ne-staphylococci, ekhutshwe ngenxa yezifo ezithintekayo.
10. Streptophagus, streptococcal. Kuyafana kwindlela yokusebenza kwi-bacteriophage yangaphambilini, kodwa isebenza ngokubhekiselele kwi-streptococci.
11. Intersti. Yilungiselelo elincomekayo lysing salmonella, shigella, E. coli , staphylococcus, enterococci, pseudomonas aeruginosa kunye neproteus.
12. I-Piopolyphage, i-piobacteriophage ehlangeneyo. I-remedy ifana neentlobo zangaphambilini, kodwa iphinde isebenze kwi-streptococci.
13. I-Sextapage, i-pyobacteriophagous polyvalent. Ukongezelela ibulala escherichia coli.
14. I-piobacteriophage. Umxube we-phagolysates ye-entococci, streptococci, staphylococci, vulgaris kunye nama mirabilis proteasis, klebsiella oxytoca kunye ne-pneumonia, escherichia coli, pseudomonas aeruginosis.