Ukumpontshelwa ngegazi ngumjovo we-intravascular of material or components. Ukusebenza kuthathwa nzima, njengoko kukho ukutshintshwa kwezicubu eziphilayo. Le nqubo ibizwa ngegazi lokumpontshelwa. It isetyenziswe ngokusetyenziswa kwindlela yokuhlinzwa, i-traumatology, isifo sezilwanyana kunye nezinye iindawo zonyango. Ngale nkqubo, i-volume efunekayo yegazi ibuyiselwe, kunye neyiphi iiprotheni, i-antibodies, i-erythrocyte kunye nezinye izinto ezibonakalayo emzimbeni.
Kutheni batshintshe igazi?
Uninzi lwe-transfusion lwenziwa ngenxa yokulahlekelwa igazi. Ifom elula yimeko xa isigulane salahlekelwa ngaphezu kwengxenye yesithathu yomsindo ngokupheleleyo kwiiyure ezimbalwa. Ukongeza, le nkqubo ibonakaliswe ukutshatyalaliswa kwexesha elide, ukuphuma kwegazi okungaqinisekiyo kunye nemisebenzi enzima.
Inkqubo ingahanjiswa ngokuqhubekayo. Ngokuqhelekileyo oku kwenzeka nge-anemia, izifo ze-hematological, iingxaki ze-purulent-septic kunye ne-toxicosis enkulu.
Ukungqinelana kokuxilongwa kwegazi kunye namacandelo ayo
I-Hemotransfusion isacingwa njengenye yeenkqubo eziyingozi kakhulu. Inokuphazamisa kakhulu umsebenzi weenkqubo ezibalulekileyo. Ngoko ke, iingcali kufuneka zithathe zonke iimvavanyo ezifunekayo ngaphambi kokuba ziqale ukufumanisa ukuhambelana kunye nemiphumo emibi. Phakathi kwazo:
- ukuhluleka kwentliziyo;
- myocarditis ;
- cardiosclerosis;
- xi nzelelo;
- iingxaki ngokuhamba kwegazi kwengqondo;
- hlu keneyo.
Ukongeza, abesetyhini abasengozini yibo babenenkinga yokubeleka kunye nabantu abanezifo eziphilayo kunye neentlobo ezahlukeneyo zegazi.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, oogqirha benza le nkqubo nangona kunokwenzeka ukuba kunzima ukuba umntu aphile. Ngexesha elifanayo, unyango olongezelelweyo lubekwe, olukhusela iimpendulo ezingenakwenzeka. Ngethuba lokusebenza, umxholo wesigulane uvame ukusetyenziswa kwangaphambili.
Iziphumo zokumpontshelwa igazi
Ukunciphisa imiphumo emibi yenkqubo, oogqirha banika iimvavanyo ezininzi. Nangona kunjalo, le nkqubo inokubangela ezinye iingxaki. Ngokuqhelekileyo oku kubonakaliswe ngokunyuka kancinci kwindleko yokushisa, ukuphazamisa kunye ne-malaise. Nangona ukudluliselwa kwegazi kungabonwa njengento ebuhlungu, ukuvakalelwa kweemvakalelo kungabonakali. Kukho iintlobo ezintathu zeengxaki:
- imiphunga;
- umyinge;
- enzima.
Zonke iimpendulo ziya kudlula ngokukhawuleza kwaye azibe nempembelelo ekusebenzeni kwezitho ezibalulekileyo.
I-Technique yokumpontshelwa igazi
Umgaqo okhethekileyo uphuhlisiwe, ngokubhekiselele ekufomeni igazi:
1. Izibonakaliso kunye nokuchasiswa zichongiwe.
2. Iqela kunye neRhesus into yomntu ifunyenwe. Ngokuqhelekileyo oku kwenziwa rhoqo kabini kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo. Iziphumo kufuneka zibe zifanayo.
3. Khetha izinto ezifanelekileyo kwaye uhlole ngokufanelekileyo ukufaneleka:
- ipasipoti yokupakisha;
- ixesha elifanelekileyo lokusetyenziswa kusetyenziswa iintsuku ezili-35;
- ukuqina kwepakethe okanye ibhotile;
- imbonakalo eqhelekileyo yegazi.
4. Iqela labaxhasi liphinde lihlolwe ngokusebenzisa inkqubo ye-AB0.
5. Uvavanyo luqhutyelwa ukuhambelana ngamnye kwinkqubo efanayo kunye ne- Rh factor .
6. I sampuli yezobomi. Ngenxa yoko, i-20 ml yezinto ezixhasayo ijojowe kwisigulane kathathu ngemizuzu engama-180. Ukuba imeko yesigulane izinzile - ukuphefumla kunye ne-pulse akunyuswanga,
7. Ixesha lokutshatyalaliswa lixhomekeke kwisabela somguli. Ngokomyinge, kuveliswa ngejubane lama-40-60 ahlayo ngomzuzu. Ngethuba le nkqubo, ingcali kufuneka ihlale ijonge ukushisa komzimba, i-pulse kunye nexinzelelo, ngokusoloko iqaphela izikhombisi.
8. Emva kwenkqubo, ugqirha kufuneka agcwalise onke amaxwebhu afanelekileyo.
9 Isigulane esifumene negazi ngokuqinisekileyo siyabonwa nodokotela, ubuncinane ngosuku.