Ukususa intliziyo - yintoni na, kuboniswa bani kwaye yenziwa njani?

Ukususa intliziyo - yintoni na kwaye unokunceda njani - imibuzo ebalulekileyo kubantu abanesifo senhliziyo . Ngenxa yesifo esinjalo, le ntsebenzo ingaba nethemba kuphela lomsebenzi ogcweleyo.

Intliziyo idlulileyo - yintoni lo msebenzi?

Phantse kwiminyaka engama-45 edlulileyo, akukho mntu wayenombuzo: ukuvala intliziyo - yintoni na yintoni eyenzayo? Intuthuko yokuqala kulolu hlobo, eyenziwa ngu-Soviet ososayensi-onyango-ophasayo uColesov VI, ayengathandabuzeki kunye nokutshutshiswa. Iingcebiso zenzululwazi ukuba ngoncedo lwe-shunt kunokwenzeka ukudala umsebenzi wokubuyisela izitya ezichaphazelekayo yi-atherosclerosis ibonakala iyinto emangalisayo. Intliziyo ye-Aortocoronary eyenziwa ngokuhlinzwa ngoku igcina amashumi amawaka obomi bonyaka. Imisebenzi iyaziwa kwaye iyasebenza, ngoko iqhutyelwa kumazwe amaninzi ehlabathi.

Ukuqonda umbuzo: ukususa intliziyo - oko kukuthi kwaye yintoni na, umntu makayithathe ingqalelo injongo yakhe. Ukusetyenziswa kusetyenziswa izifo eziwonakalisa imivenge yegazi kunye nokuphulwa kwegazi. Ingundoqo yongenelelo lusekudalweni kwendlela entsha yokuhamba kwegazi, eya kuthi ithathe indawo yendawo echaphazelekayo yesitya. Ngenxa yale njongo, ukutshintshwa okwenziwe kwiimvini zesigulane okanye imirhobho isetyenziswa. Ukukhusela kwiimvini kulula ukuyilungisa, nangona bengenakuthembeka kangako kwaye kungavalwa inyanga emva kokusebenza. Kungcono ukusebenzisa izixhobo zokuguqulwa kwamanzi, kodwa lo msebenzi ubugcisa obukhulu kwaye akunakwenzeka njalo.

Izibonakaliso zeCononary

I-cholesterol idilesi kwiindonga zeempahla zikhokelela ekunciphiseni kwi-lumen yesitya. Ngenxa yoko, igazi liza kwizitho ezingenakwaneleyo ubuninzi. Ukuba i-lumen yesitya se-cardiac muscle iyancipha, ingabangela i- angina ne- myocardial infarction. Ukwandisa i-lumen yeempahla, unyango lweziyobisi, i-coronary angioplasty kunye ne-stenting. Ukuba imeko ilukhuni, oogqirha bezinyango bangasebenzisa ukuhlinzwa. I-Aortocoronary bypass grafting iboniswe kwimeko:

• i-angina enkulu, apho isigulane asikwazi ukukhonza;
• iingxaki ngeempahla ezininzi zee-coronary ngasikhathi sinye (ngaphezulu kweyesithathu);
• Ukunciphisa izitya ze-coronary ezingaphezu kwama-75%;
• ukudibanisa i- atherosclerosis nge-heart syndrome eneurysm .

Kutheni kuyingozi ukugqitha intliziyo?

Ngokumalunga nombuzo: ukuvala intliziyo, oko kukuthi, kukho umbuzo ngokuphathelele ukhuseleko le ndlela. Xa oogqirha be-cardiologists babuzwa ukuba kuyingozi ukugqithisa intliziyo, bayaphendula ukuba akuyona ingozi kunezinye izinto. Nangona lolu hlobo longenelelo olunzima luyinkimbinkimbi, ukuqhubela phambili kwimihla ngemihla kwiyeza kunye nekhnoloji kwenza kube lula ukukwenza ngokukhuselekileyo kunokwenzeka. Ngethuba lokuhamba emva, umngcipheko weengcinezelo ukwandisa kwizigulane ezinokubambisana:

• u bunzima;
• isifo sikashukela;
• Inqanaba eliphezulu le-cholesterol eyingozi;
• uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu;
• isifo esiyingozi.

Ngokuxhomekeke kumgangatho wentsebenzo eyenziwa kunye nempilo yonke, iingxaki ezinokuthi zenzeke ngezinye izihlandlo: ukuvuvukala nokubomvu kwintambo, ukuphuma kwamanzi, ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo. Inqabile kakhulu, kodwa iingxaki ezinokwenzeka ziquka:

• i-pericarditis - inkqubo yokuvuvukala kwi-membrane ye-serous yentliziyo;
• ukungaphumeleli kwintetho yesantya;
• ukuhluleka kwentliziyo;
• i-phlebitis - ukuvuvukala kweendonga zesisu;
• ukubetha;
• I-Pleuritis - ukuvuvukala kwe-pleura yomphunga;
• ukwehla kwi-lumen kwi-shunt.

Iintliziyo ziyadlula - zingaphi zihlala emva kokusebenza?

Izigulane ezenza intliziyo zonyango zihlala zinesithakazelo ukuba zingaphi zihlala emva kokuhlinzwa komzimba. Oogqirha-abagqirha benhliziyo babiza umyinge weminyaka eyi-15, kodwa cacisa ukuba kwixesha elizayo yonke into ixhomekeke kwisigulane kunye nempilo yakhe. Ngendlela yokuziphatha kunye nokuthotyelwa kwazo zonke iziphakamiso, isiguli singaphila iminyaka engama-20-25. Emva koko, i-coronary overpass yenhliziyo ingabuye ifuneka kwakhona.

Iintliziyo zenziwa njani?

Ngaphambi kokusebenza, isigulane sinamathele, ityhubhu ifakwa kwi-trachea ukulawula ukuphefumula, kwaye isalathisi sifakwe kwisisu ukuphepha ukukhutshwa kwe-contents of gastric kwimiphunga.

Ukuqhubela phambili kwiinqanaba ze-coronary bypass:

1. Isifuba sivuliwe.
2. Kwintsebenzo entliziyweni engenalutho, ukujikeleza kwegazi okufakelwayo kuxhunyiwe, kwaye xa isebenza, ummandla ogqityiweyo uhleli.
3. Thatha iinqanawa eziza kusebenza njenge-shunt.
4. Omnye umda womkhumbi unxibelelwano kwi-aorta, enye ibe yintsimbi ye-coronary ngaphantsi kwendawo echaphazelekayo.
5. Hlola umgangatho we-shunt.
6. Vala idivaysi yokuhambisa umbane.
7. Sew the thorax.

I-Coronary inpass entliziyweni

I-coronary artery bypass grafts yintsebenzo equka imisebenzi enzima kunye nexesha elide. Uninzi lwale mi sebenzi lwenziwe kwintliziyo engasebenziyo kunye nokusetyenziswa kweprogram yokujikeleza. Le ndlela ithathwa njengekhuselekileyo kwaye iyamkeleka ngaphezu kokuhlinzwa ngentliziyo evulekile, kodwa yandisa umngcipheko weengxaki. Ukusetyenziswa kwesi sixhobo kungabangela iziphumo ezintle zomzimba:

• i-edema yepommonari;
• iingxaki ze-hematological;
• ukubandakanywa kweentso neempahla zengqondo;
• ukungabikho kwe-oksijini yomsebenzi wezitho.

I-Aortocoronary surpass ukuhlinzwa ngentliziyo esebenzayo

I-Aortocoronary bypass ngaphandle kokusasazwa kwempahla ivumela ukuphepha iingxaki ezibangelwa ukusetyenziswa kwesicwangciso seyeza. Ukusebenza kwintliziyo yokubetha kufuna ulwazi olunzulu kunye nekhono elivela kumgqirha. Ukutshintshwa kwemibhobho ye-coronary eyenziwa kwiimeko zesimo senhliziyo, okunciphisa umngcipheko woxinzelelo lwe-postoperative, ukukhawuleza ukuphulukana nokukhutshwa kwesigulane esibhedlele.

I-coronary bypass ngaphandle kokuvula i-thoracic

I-Endoscopic cardiaac surpery isenziwa ngaphandle kokulahla ingqibelelo yesifuba. Le mi sebenzi ininzi kakhulu kwaye ikhuselekile kwaye iqhelekile kwiiklinikhi zaseYurophu. Emva kokusebenza okunjalo, isilonda siphulukiswa ngokukhawuleza kwaye umzimba ubuyiselwa. Ingundoqo yendlela yokwenza ukungenelela ngoncedo ngokubambisana okuncinci kwi-thorax. Ukuze kuqhutywe lo msebenzi, kukho imfuneko yokwelapha ekhethekileyo evumela ukuchithwa okuchanekileyo emzimbeni womntu.

Ukubuyiselwa emva kokuhlinzwa komzimba

Ukuthetha ngoku: ukuvusa intliziyo, oko kukuthi, oogqirha banokuchaphazela ngokukhawuleza ixesha lokuvuselela, apho iqondo lokubuyisela isiguli lixhomekeke khona.

Ukubuyiselwa emva kokunyuka komzimba kukubandakanya isicwangciso semisebenzi kunye nemisebenzi:

1. Ukuphefumula. Eyenziwa ukusuka kwiintsuku zokuqala emva kokusebenza. Ubonisa uncedo lokubuyisela umsebenzi wephunga.
2. Umsebenzi wezobugcisa. Qalisa ngamanyathelo ambalwa kwiwadi ngexesha leentsuku zokuqala emva kokusebenza emva koko ibe nzima ngakumbi.
3. Inhalation ngoncedo lwe-nebulizer kunye nokongezwa kwe-bronchodilators okanye i-mucolytics.
4. I-laservenous laser okanye u-ozone unyango.
5. Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zokusila.
6. Ultravonotrophy nePantovegin okanye iLidase.
7. I-Magnetotherapy yempembelelo kwiindawo zepheripher.
8. Zokuhlambela nge-carbonic.

I-coronary artery bypass grafts - ixesha elilandelelanayo

Emva kokusebenza entliziyweni, isigulane sijongwa ngokunyamekela kwiinyanga ezi-2-3. Isigulane sinokuhlala kwiyunithi yokunyamekela kakhulu kwiintsuku ezili-10 zokuqala, ezixhomekeke kwisantya sokubuyisela, ukuhlala kakuhle kunye nokungabikho kweengxaki. Ngexesha apho i-anesthesia isebenza, isiguli sigxininwe yimilenze ukuphepha ukunyakaza okuzenzekelayo. Iiyure zokuqala emva kokuhlinzwa isigulane sinokuphefumla ngoncedo lweso sixhobo, esitshintshiwe ekupheleni kosuku lokuqala.

Esibhedlele, amanxeba aqhutyelwa nsuku zonke kwaye imeko yabo ihlolwa. Intlungu encinane, ubomvu kunye nomvakalelo wesikhumba esikhungweni sesiseko ziqhelekileyo ngeli xesha. Ukuba utyando lwe-coronary overpass opervision lwaluphumelele, ngoko ngomhla we-7-8 isigulane sisuswa kwi-sutures. Kuphela emva kwesi sigulane singavunyelwa ukuba sisitye. Ukuququzelela ukuphiliswa kwamathambo e-sternum, isigulane sinconywa ukuba sigqoke i-corset ezintandathu kwiinyanga, ukulala ngeli xesha kunokwenzeka kuphela emva.

Ubomi emva kokuhlinzwa ngonyango

I-coronary artery bypass grafting ithathwa ngempumelelo xa isigulane sibuyela kwindlela eqhelekileyo yobomi emva kweenyanga ezimbini.

Isikhathi kunye nomgangatho wobomi kuya kuxhomekeka ekuthotyelweni komyalelo ogqirha:

1. Thatha amachiza anqunywe ngugqirha kwaye ungenzi unyango.
2. Musa ukutshaya.
3. Hlanganisa nokutya okucetywayo.
4. Emva kokusebenza kokutshintshwa, kwaye emva koko kunyaka kunyaka unyango kwi-sanatorium.
5. Yenza umsebenzi oyenzayo, ugweme ukukhululeka.

Ukutya emva kokuhlinzwa komzimba

Kwixesha elilandelelweyo, izigulane ezithatha i-coronary artery bypass grafting kufuneka zijonge ngokunyameko ukutya kwazo. Kule nkalo, kuxhomekeke kwiminyaka emininzi yobomi abahlala nayo. Ukutya kufuneka kuklanywe ngendlela enjengokuthintela ukubonakala kobunzima obuninzi kunye nentlawulo ye-cholesterol eyingozi kwiindonga zeempahla.

Emva kokuhlinzwa, izigulane zicetyiswa ukuba zilandele le ngcebiso:

1. Ukunciphisa inani leswekile, ukulifaka nge-stevia.
2. Iimveliso zobisi kufuneka zibe yi-fat fat.
3. Ukususela kwiitshizi kubalulekile ukukhetha ukhetho lweeshizi kunye ne-tofu.
4. Ukusuka kwenyama, inyama ye-soy, inkukhu emhlophe, i-turkey kunye ne-fatal fatal veal avunyelwe.
5. Iingqolowa zinokuba yiyiphi i-manga kunye nelayisi.
6. Ukongeza, sebenzisa ioli yeentlanzi.
7. Ukususela kwiintlanzi, ungadla iintlanzi eziphantsi kwamatye aphantsi kunye namaxesha athile.
8. Kwamafutha, kuyinqweneleka ukunikela yonke into kodwa ivenkile yeoli yeminquma yeoli yomnqweno.
9. Kucetyiswa ukunciphisa inani lesetyu.
10. Ku luncedo ukutya imifuno nezithelo.

Imenyu nganye yemihla ngemihla

1. Isidlo sakusasa - i-omelet yeqanda eyenziwa ngabamhlophe, isaladi yeziqhamo kunye ne-yogurt engenamafutha.
2. Isidlo sasekuseni sesibini asinamafutha e-cottage cheese.
3. Ixesha lesidlo sesinkwa semifuno esinesonka esimnyama esimnyama, isityalo semifuno.
4. Iipulole eziphekiweyo.
5. Isidlo - i-pancakes ezivela kwimifuno, intlanzi ehlanjisiweyo yeentlobo eziphantsi kweoli okanye inyama yenkukhu emhlophe.