Yiyiphi into eyenza i-gastroenterologist kunye neziphi izifo ezinceda ukulahla? Lo mbuzo unomdla kubantu abakuqala ukuza kubona lo ugqirha. I-Gastroenterology, njengesahlulo seyeza, inamacandelwana amaninzi. Zonke zazo, enye indlela okanye enye, zihambelana nesakhiwo kunye nokusebenza kwephepha lomntu wesisu. Zonke izitho zokugaya zingaphantsi kweengcali kule ndawo.
Yintoni i-gastroenterology?
Abanye oogqirha baphatha izitho zokugaya kwixesha elidlulileyo, kodwa i-gastroenterology njengoluhlu oluthile lwezokwelapha lwakhiwa nje nje, ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-19. Igama lomxholo liqulethwe ngamagama amathathu aseGrike anesiGrike: "isisu", "i-guts" kunye "nokufundisa." I-Gastroenterology yohlu lulwazi lwezonyango olwenza uphando lwezondlo kunye neenkqubo zentsholongwane ezivela kuyo. Ngokuxhomekeke kwiibhunga ezichaphazelekayo, kukho iingcali ezithile ezicebisa ngemicimbi ethile:
- I-hepatologist - inye-gastroenterologist efanayo, ekhethekileyo kwizifo zesibindi, i-biliary tract.
- I-proctologist ifunda i-anus ne-rectum.
- Zonke izigaba zekholoni zingaphantsi kwe- coloproctology . Ngokuqhelekileyo ezi zimbini zizodwa ziyahlanganiswa zibe nye.
- Umdla wesisu (ngamanye amaxesha unqamlezwe njengegastroenterologist) ujongene neengxaki zesisu.
I-Gastroenterologist - ngubani na oku kunye nokuphilisa?
Ingcali (udokotela wezilwanyana), ugqirha wezifo zentsholongwane okanye isondlo sezondlo singathunyelwa kugqirha wale ngcali ukuze baxoxe ngombandela abangenako. Kodwa izigulane zisenemibuzo evulekile: ngubani na isifo se-gastroenterologist kwaye uyayiphatha ntoni? Namhlanje lo msebenzi uphantsi kwemfuno. Ngokwezibalo, ukusabalalisa kwezifo zokugaya kukunyuka, ukuya kuma-95% abantu abemi behlabathi bafuna ukubona ugqirha, bafumana bobabini abantwana kunye nabantu abadala ukususela kumncinci ukuya kumdala. Yintoni i-gastroenterologist yokhathaza ugqirha? Ezi zezifo ezichaphazelekayo:
- isisu ( iipolisi , i- gastritis , isilonda se-peptic, njl njl);
- i-gall bladder, kuquka ne- cholecystitis ;
- i-pleen (izilawu kunye ne-cysts);
- Amathumbu (i-dysbacteriosis, i- colitis , ukuhlasela, njl);
- i-pancreas ( pancreatitis ).
Xa udibana ne-gastroenterologist?
Uninzi lweengxaki zokugaya zifunyaniswa kwi-klinikhi yokufumana iiklinikhi. Kodwa ukuba uyazi ukuba uphathwa ngu-gastroenterologist, ugqirha jikelele ungathumela isigulane kuye okhalaza ukuphulwa komgudu wokutya. Ubunzima besikhathi eside, ubunzima, intlungu enxulumene neenkqubo zokugaya ukutya - imeko xa ufuna ukuqhagamshelana ne-gastroenterologist. Iimpawu zokuxhalabisa ziquka:
- intlungu esiswini nasemathumbu;
- ukuphazamiseka kwesifo;
- ukuhlanza;
- isicefe
- isikhumba;
- ukupheka kwentliziyo rhoqo, njl
Ukufumana kwi-gastroenterologist
Izifo zesondlo sesisu ziqhelekileyo phakathi kwabantu bonke ubudala, ngoko-gastroenterologist ingaba ngumntu omdala (jikelele) kunye nomntwana-unceda ukujamelana ne-dysbacteriosis kunye ne-spasms kwiintsana, izifo zokugaya ukutya kwabantwana abadala. Ekuqaleni akudingeki ukuba unikezele nayiphi na uhlalutyo, konke okuyimfuneko, ingcali iya kuyifumana kwaye iya kunika isikhokelo ekuqhubeni ukuhlolwa okufunekayo. Isigulane ngasinye ugqirha uya kumntu ngamnye. Indlela efanelekileyo yokugaya i-gastroenterology iqukethe:
- Ukubuza ngomlomo ngesigulane (anamnesis);
- kuhlolwa;
- ukuxilongwa.
Ukufumana kwi-gastroenterologist - ukulungiselela
Njengomthetho, akudingeki ukuba uzilungiselele isifo se-gastroenterologist. Kodwa ezinye iikliniki zifuna ukuba ulandele iziphakamiso ezithile: ukuba kunokwenzeka, ungayi kudla ukutya kunye namanzi, ungagqithisi isambatho esimhlophe, kuba singathathwa ngugqirha ukuze uhlalutye. Ukuba uceba ukuqhuba isifundo ngesisu, ezinobunzima okanye izilonda zamadoda, oogqirha ngabanye kwaye kusengaphambili baya kukuxelela indlela yokulungiselela uviwo: nokuba uhlala kwisidlo sangaphambili, uthathe i-laxative okanye wenze i-enema. Kwelinye icala ugqirha-gastroenterologist uyamkela abathengi ngemithetho jikelele.
Uviwo kunye ne-gastroenterologist njani?
Kwintlanganiso yokuqala, ugqirha uphulaphula izikhalazo eziphambili, ufumanisa izizathu zokugula kwaye uzama ukufumanisa abaqhubi beli ganeko. Ukufumanisa i-pathologies, iindlela zokuhlola ezibonakalayo zisetyenzisiweyo, enye eyona nto i-palpation, i-palpation yesisu esiswini ukuze ufumane umthombo weentlungu. Xa kutholakala indawo, ugqirha unokumisela isethi yezifundo ezongezelelweyo eziqinisekisa okanye ziphikise ukuxilongwa. Ezinye iindlela zibandakanya ukuhlolwa kwe-gastroenterologist: i-percussion (ingqungquthela) kunye ne-auscultation (usebenzisa i-stethoscope).
Ziziphi izihlalutyo eziqeshwe okanye ezityunjwe yi-gastroenterologist ekuhloliseni?
Izifo ezixilonga nokuphatha igastroenterologist zingadinga uphando olongezelelweyo. Ukuchonga izifo ezahlukeneyo ezisetyenzisiweyo
- ultrasound;
- rectomanoscopy;
- colonoscopy ;
- Fibrogastroduodenoscopy.
Ziziphi izihlalutyo ezimiselweyo okanye ezikhethwe yi-gastroenterologist ngaphandle kwayo okanye oku? Eyona ndlela iqhelekileyo, imiselwe abantu abadala kunye nabantwana: ukuhlalutya umchamo kunye nemfesi, igazi kunye negazi legazi. Ukongeza, i-enzyme immunoassay ingafuneka (ukuchonga i-Helicobacter pylori).
Ukubonisana kwe-gastroenterologist
I-gastroenterologist ingcali engumsebenzi wesondlo sesisu, kodwa ingxoxo yakhe ingadingeka nokuba umntu ophilileyo usemngciphekweni wesifo esithile. Iingxaki zokugonya zixhatshazwa yi-ecological poor, ukusetyenziswa kakubi kokutya okukhawulezileyo, ukusebenzisa ixesha elide lamachiza, ukuhamba kwezifundo ze-radiotherapy kunye ne-chemotherapy. Njengomlinganiselo wokukhusela, kucetyiswa ukuba u tyelele lo gqirha ngamnye iminyaka engama-2-3.
Amabhunga e-gastroenterologist
I-gastroenterologist iyayiqonda indlela iindlela zokuxiliswa kwezinto ezinokuthi zenzeke emzimbeni, ukuba ziphi izigqeba zomsebenzi wokugaya inyama kwaye zeziphi izenzo ezenza izifo. Ukuba izifo ezinjalo zikhoyo kwisigulane, ukuphepha ukukhushulwa kuya kunceda ukuthotyelwa kwemithetho ethile. Ngokumalunga nokutya okunempilo kunye nokupheliswa kwezifo eziqhelekileyo kuya kuxela iingcebiso ze-gastroenterologist. Ziyakuphulaphulwa ngabantu ababeka esweni impilo yabo kunye nalabo bazama ukuphepha ukugqithisa imeko yabo ngenxa yeengxaki ze-GI.
IBhunga le-gastroenterologist kwisondlo
Iingcebiso eziphambili zogqirha kule ndawo zizodwa malunga nokutya okunempilo.
Ukuze kugcinwe impilo kwaye ingabhubhisi i-pathology, iziphakamiso ezilandelayo kufuneka zilandelwe:
- Ungasebenzisi kakubi utywala. Ikhuthaza 80% yezifo zesibindi.
- Khetha iimveliso ezintsha. Ukutya kufuneka kufane kunye nemifuno, iziqhamo, inyama, intlanzi, njl.
- Ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamanqatha, ukutya okumnandi. Amabhunga e-gastroenterologist yabantwana anganqanda nokukhupha i-citrus, amanzi a-carbonate, ithokoleta.
- Nenyamekela ngezongezelelo zokutya kunye neyeza lasekhaya.
- Naluphi na ukutya kufuneka kuvunyelwane nogqirha. Ezinye iintlobo zokuzila ukutya zingabangela amatye eentso.
- Kucetyiswa ukuba uhambelane nesondlo esincinci, kuncinci, kodwa kaninzi (amaxesha ama-4 amahlanu ngosuku).
Iingcebiso zegastroenterologist kwi-gastritis
Ukujamelana ne-gastritis, isifo esifanayo sabantu abaselula nabasebenzayo, siya kunceda i-gastroenterologist. Indlela yokuphila engafanelekanga (ukuphazamiseka kwengxolo, ukutya andiyikugijima) kunye nokutya okungafanelekanga kukubangela ukuba i-gastritis iqhube. Ugqirha ucebisa ngokugqibeleleyo imikhwa emibi: ukutya ngokutya, utshwala, ukutyelela rhoqo kwiindawo zokutya okukhawulezayo. Ukuba uphatha unyango lwegastritis kwaye uqhubeka uziphatha ngokungalunganga, ingxaki ayiyi kuxazululwa.
Kuyafaneleka ukuphulaphulwa kwezi ngcebiso ezilandelayo:
- Shintsha imodi yamandla. Yidla kancane, amaxesha 3-4 ngosuku.
- Ukutya kufuneka kube kwiimveliso ezilula ezithintekayo. Kubalulekile ukudibanisa ngokuchanekileyo (inyama enomdla kunye nemifuno).
- Kucetyiswa ukufudumala ukutya phambi kokumkela. Kumele kubefudumele kwaye kuthobe, kuvunyelwe ukugalela izitya kwi-blender.
- Ungabandakanyi ukutya okonkxiweyo, ukutya okuthosiweyo, i-chewing gum, izitya ezicocekileyo.
- Ukubeka ilinganiselo lwamanzi (1-2 ilitha ngosuku).
- Musa ukulibala malunga namavithamini.
Amabhunga e-gastroenterologist kunye nokuqhaqha
Ingxaki kunye nosihlalo ukuphazamisa abantu babo bonke ubudala. Ngamanye amaxesha kwizonyango nezinye iingxaki zikhona izibongozo. Ezi ziquka ukuhlukunyezwa okungaqhelekanga, okuncinci, ukukhutshwa kwamathumbu. Ukulungisa imeko yokutya emathunjini ukugula kuya kunceda, amabhunga e-gastroenterologist akhulelwe.
Iingcebiso zegqirha zilandelayo:
- Ukwandisa ukutya okuphezulu kwi-fiber.
- Phuza ngamanzi amaninzi (amanzi alula, isobho, izandi).
- Ukudla rhoqo.
- Ukuhlaziya ngokutya.
- Gwema uxinzelelo kunye nokunyamezela.
Abantu abaninzi banomdla kulo mbuzo: yintoni unyango lwe-gastroenterologist? Le ngcali incedo xa kwenzeka ezininzi iingxaki zesigxininiso sesisu, akayazi nje indlela yokuzixilonga, kodwa ukunyanga ngokukhawuleza. Iingcebiso eziwusizo i-gastroenterologist inikeza malunga nokuthintela izifo, eziqhelekileyo zazo zokuqhaqhaqhaqha kunye ne-gastritis. Ngaloo ngxaki, abantu beeminyaka bonke bayakudlulisa ugqirha, kwaye bonke ootitshala bazama ukunceda emva kokuvavanywa kunye neemvavanyo.