I-Glaucoma isifo sehlo, apho ukunyanzeliswa kwe-intraocular kwanda, okukhokelela ekunqothulweni kweentsimbi ze-optic. Ngenxa yoko, umboniso wehla kwaye i-atrophy epheleleyo ye-nertic optic ingenzeka. Esi sifo esichukumisayo senzeke ngokuphindaphindiweyo kubantu abadala kuneminyaka engama-40, kodwa ingabonwa nakubantwana.
Iifom kunye neempawu ze-glaucoma
Isibakala sesi sifo sisigxina okanye sisanda rhoqo kwixinzelelo lwe-intraocular, ehambelana nokuphulwa kokuphuma kwe-intraocular fluid. Kukho iindlela ezimbini eziphambili ze-glaucoma:
- i-angle-angle;
- i-angle angle.
Kwakhona, i-glaucoma inokuzalwa, intsha (intsha), isibini (ngenxa yezinye izifo zamehlo okanye izimo eziphosakeleyo). I-angle ye-angle glaucoma ixhaphake kakhulu, kwaye ingozi yayo ikhona kwinto yokuba akukho zibonakaliso ezicacileyo zesifo, ingaqhubeka ixesha elide lingenakuqonda kwaye lingenabuhlungu, libhubhise i-nertic optic. Kuphela unyango olusifikile ngexesha le-glaucoma evulekileyo lungafaka umphumo. Ngale fom, i-angle ye-iris-corneal ihlala ivulekile, umswakama uqokelela ngenxa yokuphazamiseka kwenkqubo yokucoca kweso, okubangela ukwanda kwexinzelelo lwe-intraocular.
Imiqondiso emininzi engabonisa ukwanda kwenycinezelo ye-intraocular:
- ukubonakala kwe "bhoko" kunye "neempukane" phambi kwamehlo;
- "Imijikelezo yebhola" xa ukhangela umthombo wokukhanya;
- imifanekiso esweni;
- ukunyanzelisa ngokweqile kweso;
- umbono ophazamisekileyo ngentsasa.
I-glaucoma yokuvala i-angle ivela xa inxalenye yecandelo le-iris ivala i-angle yekamelo elingaphandle kweso, okwenza kube nzima ukufikelela kumanzi kwiinkqubo zokuhambisa amanzi. Le fom ihlala ivela ngendlela yokuhlaselwa ngokukhawuleza kwenyuka kakhulu kwixinzelelo lwe-intraocular ngeempawu:
- intlungu ebuhlungu emehlweni;
- ukuphambuka kombono;
- intloko ehlinzeka itempile;
- ubuthathaka jikelele, isicupunu.
Kwimeko yokuhlaselwa ngokukhawuleza kwe-glaucoma, uncedo olukhawuleza kunye nonyango luyadingeka, ngaphandle koko oku kungakhokelela kwimiphumo emibi. Kubalulekile ukungadibanisi ukuhlaselwa kwe-glaucoma nge-migraine, ukutyhefu okanye ezinye iimeko.
I-Glaucoma iyakwenzeka kwakhona ngaphandle kwemvelaphi yoxinzelelo lwangaphakathi lwe-intraocular ngenxa yokuphuma kwegazi kwi-iso.
Indlela yokuphatha i-glaucoma?
Ukuphelisa ngokupheleleyo le sifo akunakwenzeka, kodwa kukho iindlela ezinceda ukuyeka nokugcina umbono oqhelekileyo.
- Ukulungiselela unyango lwe-glaucoma. Njengomthetho, i-glaucoma imiselwe amaconsi kunye neepilisi ezivumela ukunciphisa uxinzelelo lwe-intraocular, kunye nokuphucula igazi kwijiso, ukulungelelanisa iinkqubo ze-metabolic. Xa i-glaucoma iluncedo, iivithamini zamehlo, ezithintela ukuqhubeka kwayo: A, E, C no B.
- Unyango lwe-glaucoma yi-laser. Izindlela zokwenza unyango lwe-laser zijolise ekuphuculeni ukuphuma kwe-intraocular fluid ngokubhengeza indawo yokucima amanzi kwiso. Le nkqubo yinkqubo engeyona ingxaki, ephumelela kakhulu kuphela kwizigaba zokuqala zesifo.
- Uphuhliso lomsebenzi we-glaucoma. Izindlela zokuphanda zisetyenziselwa xa ezinye iindlela zingenzi umphumo. Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zokusebenza apho iindlela ezintsha zokuphuma kwe-fluid ziyadalwa okanye ezikhoyo ziyakhuthazwa.
Ukubaluleka okukhulu kwonyango oluphumelelayo lwe-glaucoma yindlela efanelekileyo yobomi kunye nolawulo lwemihla, ukutya okunomsoco. Kubalulekile ukukhusela iimeko ezibangele ukukhukhula kwegazi entloko: umsebenzi wezandla, ohamba kunye ne-torso kunye nentloko, ukuphakanyiswa kwesisindo, kunye nokugqithisa ukukhathazeka. Izigulane ezine-glaucoma zifuna ukunciphisa ukungena kwamanzi kwiziglasi ezili-6 ngosuku.
Ukuthintela i-glaucoma
Ngelishwa, akukho zindlela ezinokuthintela ukuqala kwesi sifo. Kodwa kufanelekile ukukhumbula ukuba iimviwo eziqhelekileyo kwigqirha ziya kunceda ukufumanisa i-glaucoma kwisigaba sokuqala, esiza kubakhokela kakhulu unyango. Kwaye, ngokuqinisekileyo, indlela yokuphila enempilo, ukwenqaba ukutshaya, ukunyanga ngokunyameko kwamehlo akho kuya kunciphisa kakhulu umngcipheko wokuba kwenzeka.