Umoya ojikelezayo ungena kumaphaphu ngokusebenzisa inkqubo eyinkqubo yokuphefumula. Kwi-pulmonology, zibizwa ngokuba ngumthi onqabileyo kwaye ziqukethe i-bronchi kunye ne-bronchioles. Ukuvuvukala kweembrane ezinamaqabunga kule mizila kaninzi kubangele iingxaki ezinzima kwaye ezingenakuguquka, ngoko ukukhubazeka kubalulekile ngexesha lokuxilonga nokunyanga.
I-bronchitis eyiyo-ibangela
Ukuchazwa kwesifo kuvela kwimvelaphi ye-bacterial, fungal kunye nentsholongwane (ikakhulu) izifo ngenxa yokuqhubeka kwazo kunye nokunciphisa umsebenzi wokuzikhusela. Kukho izinto ezenza ukuba i-bronchitis iqhube okanye ingabikho ngokucacileyo-izizathu zokungonakali kokumelana nomzimba:
- ukutshaya;
- i-supercooling ;
- ukusetyenziswa kakubi kweziphuzo ezinxilisayo;
- kugxininisa izilonda ze-nasopharynx;
- ukuvuthwa rhoqo kweemveliso zamachiza ezinobuthi;
- ukungahambi;
- eyomile kakhulu, eshushu okanye emoyeni;
- Ukungaphumeleli kwentliziyo ngokudibanisa kwimiphunga;
- ukuphazamiseka kokuphefumla komzimba kunye nabanye.
I-bronchitis evimbelayo
Ngamanye amaxesha uchazwa ngesifo kwaye ikhokelela ekukhutshweni okupheleleyo okanye okuncinci kwendlela yokuhamba. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, i-bronchitis ephazamisayo iyafunyanwa-izizathu zokuphuhliswa kwezi zifo zifana nezo zidweliswe ngasentla. Ngokuqhelekileyo ubuchule bendlela yokuphefumula buphazamiseka ngumzimba wesifo somfuzo, ohambelana nokusilela kwe-ɑ1-antitrypsin.
I-bronchitis elula
Inkqubo yokuvuvukala ngaphandle kweengxaki kunye nokuphazamiseka kubangelwa imvelaphi yezifo eziphefumulayo kunye nezifo zentsholongwane. I-bronchitis elula yiphumo eliqhelekileyo le- influenza , ngakumbi xa isistim somzimba siphelele. Ukuba unyango lwenziwa ngexesha elifanelekileyo, ukukhubazeka akuyi kuqhubeka. Ngaphandle koko, i-bronchitis eqaqambileyo iya kukhawuleza ibe yifomu engapheliyo. Ingqungquthela imiphumo eyingozi kakhulu, ibuye ibuye ibuye iphinde iqhube isifo se-asthma.
I-bronchitis ebonakalayo - iimpawu
Esi sifo sikhokelela ekusithekeni ngokugqithiseleyo kwe-sputum kwiphepha lokuphefumula. Ngenxa yenani elikhulu le-mucus, ukuhamba kwe-bronchial villi kulahlekile, apho kwimeko eqhelekileyo kuhlambulula umoya ozayo. Ngokuchasene nale miqathango, yonke into eyenziwa yi-pathogenic ingena emzimbeni, ichukumisa ukucaphukisa okongezelelweyo kunye nezibonakaliso ezibonakalayo ze-bronchitis - i-hyperthermia kunye nokukhwehlela. Ukongezelela, kukho ezinye iimpawu:
- buthathaka;
- ukunyameka kwimizi yesifo;
- ukuphazamiseka kokulala;
- kulala;
- intloko;
- ukungabi nesidlo;
- unxaniwe;
- ukuphefumula okufutshane (ngamanye amaxesha);
- ukuqhuma okanye ukukhwela xa uphefumula.
Ukushisa kwe-bronchitis enamandla
Esi sifo sihamba kunye neenkqubo ezinzulu zokuvuvukala, ngoko ihlala ihlanganiswe nomkhuhlane okanye i-subfebrile hyperthermia. Ukushisa kwe-bronchitis kunokunyuka kuma-39 degrees phakathi kweentsuku zokuqala ezingu-3-5. Kancinci kuya kuncipha kwaye ekugqibeleni kweveki kuya kufakelwa okanye kusekwe kwinqanaba 37-37.3. Ukuba i-bronchitis enzima ayiphathwe, ubushushu buya kuhlala bude. Inkqubela ephambili yeentlupheko idibene ne-fever severe, ingakumbi ukuba ibangelwa yi-HIV.
Isikhumba nge-bronchitis enzima
Okokuqala, uphawu oluchazwe sisi sifo lunomthi omile okanye wezandla, ngezinye izihlandlo "ophazamisayo". Emva kweentsuku ezimbalwa, ukukhwehlela kuya kufutshane kwaye kuyancipha. I-sputum echanekileyo kwi-bronchitis enamandla ingaba yintsholongwane kwaye idlulile, okanye imhlophe nephuzi i-inculus inclusions. Ukubambisana kwalo mfihlelo kunye nombala wayo kuxhomekeke kwinqanaba lokuqhubela phambili kwesifo, ubukhulu beenkqubo zokuvuvukala.
I-bronchitis ecacileyo - ukuxilongwa
Ukuqinisekiswa kokuphuhliswa kwezifo ezinikezelweyo kuqhutyelwa ekwamukelweni kwe-pulmonologist okanye umphathiswa. Ukuxilongwa "kwe-bronchitis ephawulekayo" kusekwe emva kokuqokelela i-anamnesis, ukuvavanya kunye nokuva ngokucokisekileyo kwe-stethoscope yesifuba. Ukuhlukanisa le ntsholongwane kwezinye izifo ezifanayo, ezinye izifundo zenziwa ngamanye amaxesha. Ukufumanisa i-bronchitis enamandla:
- iimvavanyo zegazi kunye negazi.
- Uvavanyo lwe-X-ray lwesifuba;
- i-spirometry;
- bronchoscopy ;
- umquba
- Uhlalutyo jikelele lomchamo;
- inkcubeko ye-bacteriological of sputum.
Indlela yokunyanga i-bronchitis embi?
Indlela yokwelapha yenziwa ngugqirha kuxhomekeka kwisimo sengqondo somguli, ubunzima beempawu kunye nezizathu zokugula. Ukuba imeko yesigulane sinzima yaye kukho ukuxiliswa komzimba, ukulaliswa esibhedlele kuboniswa. Kwamanye amaxesha, i-bronchitis enamandla iphathwa kwiphondo:
- Ukuthotyelwa kokuphumla kombhede. Okubaluleke kakhulu ukuphumla kwindawo ephezulu yokushisa komzimba.
- Ukulungiswa kwamandla. Ukutya kufuneka kuzaliswe izitya kunye neevithamini ezilula.
- Iziphuzo ezifudumeleyo. Ukusetyenziswa kwee-herbal teas, ukuncelisa kunye namanzi amaminerali (i-alkaline) kunceda ukunciphisa imfihlelo kwaye ukukhawulezisa ukuhlolwa kwayo.
- Ukukhanyela kwimikhwa emibi. Ngokukhawuleza ngexesha lokonyango, akuvumelekanga ukuba umsi kwaye uphuze utshwala.
- Ukufudumala. Ukusebenzisa i-mustard plasters kwiindawo zesifuba iyanciphisa ukuvakalelwa. Inkqubo ivumelekile kuphela kwiqondo lokushisa eliqhelekileyo.
Amachiza e-bronchitis
Ulwaphulo lonyango lujoliswe ekupheliseni iimpawu zesifo eso. I-bronchitis echaphazelekayo iphathwa ngamacandelo alandelayo eziyobisi:
- ochasayo;
- mucolytics;
- umxhasi ;
- ezichasayo;
- antipyretic;
- iipilisi;
- antiallergic;
- i-bronchodilators (ngokuphazamiseka);
- corticosteroids.
Ukuba i-agent engumnxeba yenkqubo ye-pathological isifo sokusuleleka kwintsholongwane, imishanguzo efanelekile yongezwa. I-antibiotics ye-bronchitis enamandla ifakwe kwiskimu yonyango kuphela ekubonakalisweni kwe-purcus kwi-mucus yokukhwehlela kunye nokufumanisa i-bacteria flora kwi-sputum. Izidakamizwa ezichasayo zikhethiweyo ngokusekelwe kwimfihlo yecandelo lobubele kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zamachiza.
Ngokufanayo, i-physiotherapeutic manipulations yenziwa:
- ukuxilisa;
- diathermy;
- i-ultraviolet irradiation;
- gymnastics ekhethekileyo;
- unyango lwe-ultrahigh-frequency;
- inductothermy nabanye.
Inhalation ne-bronchitis
Indlela ejongene nayo ibhekisela kwimisebenzi encedisayo kwindlela yokwenza unyango olubanzi. Inhalation ngumqhubi okanye ukusebenzisa i-nebulizer (ukuphathwa kwe-aerosol) inikezela:
- ukuxutywa kweembrane ze-mucous;
- u kukhutshwa komkhuhlane;
- ukukhululeka kokuchithwa kwe-mucus, ukukhutshwa kwayo;
- ukuphucula ukuphefumula;
- ukuphelisa ukucaphuka komqala.
Le nkqubo inconywa ukuba i-bronchitis evimbelayo ingavunyelwa-unyango nge-inhalants lunceda ukukhusela ukukhutshwa kwe-airways nokubuyiselwa kobuchule babo. Kubalulekile ukusebenzisa izixazululo zonyango ezibekwe yi-pulmonologist. Ukukhethwa ngokuzimeleyo kweziyobisi ezingafanelekanga kunokukhokelela kwiingxaki.
I-bronchitis echanekileyo - unyango kunye nezilwanyana zamalungu
Isiphumo esiphuthumayo esiphuthumayo siphumela i-juice yomsila omnyama. Kukho iindlela ezininzi zokuphilisa i-bronchitis ephezulu kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezinto ezibonakalayo zendalo, kodwa indlela efanelekileyo kakhulu ithathwa njengolusebenzayo. Kubalulekile ukunqumla ingundoqo kwingcambu, uthele inyosi encinci kwisibonda uze ushiye ubushushu bobusuku. Ngentsasa kwipilisi iya kuba isiraphu yokuphulukisa nesinambitha, esimele sinxile 15 ml ukuya kumaxesha amane ngosuku. Indlela ephakanyisiweyo inganciphisa ngisho ne-bronchitis ephazamisayo.
Iresiphi yonyango lokukhwehlela
Izithako:
- ubisi - 180-210 ml;
- amakhiwane amasha okanye omisiwe - ii-2-6 ezicande (kuxhomekeke kubukhulu).
Ukulungiselela nokwamkela:
- Hlanganisa iziqhamo uze uwathulule ubisi.
- Pheka amakhiwane uze ufumane isisombululo sombala obomvu emlilweni othulileyo.
- Kukho umkhiwane olungiselelwe, uhlanjwe ngobisi, kwixesha eliphakathi kokutya.
- Ukunyangwa kweentsuku ezili-10-14.
Iingxaki ze-bronchitis
Iziphumo eziqhelekileyo zezichazi:
- i-bronchitis ye-asthmatic;
- i-bronchiolitis obliterans;
- ukuhluleka kwentliziyo;
- bronchopneumonia;
- ukungasebenzi;
- thintelo.
Ukuba unyango lwe-bronchitis eqaqambileyo aluzange luqhutywe ngokuchanekileyo okanye ukukhubazeka kwakudla ngokuphindaphindiweyo ngenxa yesistim somzimba esibuthathaka, isifo sifumana inkathalo engapheliyo ngokuphindaphinda kwakhona. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, iingxaki zinzima kakhulu:
- i-asthma ye-bronchial;
- endocarditis;
- emphysema yemiphunga;
- pericarditis;
- isifo esingapheliyo;
- myocarditis.
Ukuthintela i-bronchitis
Ukuthintela ukuphuhliswa kweenkqubo ezivuthayo kwiimbrane ezinamaqabunga kunceda amanyathelo asemgangathweni ukuze axhasane nesistim somzimba - ukwenqaba ukutshaya nokukhupha izinto ezinobungozi, uhambelane nokutya okunempilo kunye nomsebenzi oqhelekileyo. Uthintelo olongezelelweyo lwe-bronchitis lucebisa:
- ukukhawulelana noqhagamshelwano nabantu abagulayo ngexesha lobulwelwe ngumkhuhlane;
- unyango olufanelekileyo olufanelekileyo ngexesha elifanelekileyo kwaye lisebenza kakuhle;
- Ukusetyenziswa kwemaski ekhethekileyo xa usebenza emagumbini anothuli okanye angcolileyo;
- ukulawula i-asthma ye-bronchial kunye nokuxhatshazwa kweentlungu;
- ukugcinwa kobushushu obuqhelekileyo kunye nobushushu bomoya ngaphakathi kwindlu;
- lukhuni rhoqo.