Umbono ongathandekiyo ngumbethe woluntu wanamhlanje, ngoko-ophthalmologist - ngubani, umntu wonke kufuneka azi. Ulwazi lwabantu abaninzi malunga neengcali ze-oculist lugqithiswe kuphela kukuba le ngqirha ihlola umboniso wakhe. Enyanisweni, i-ophthalmologist ngugqirha ophethe iingxaki ezahlukeneyo zezixhobo ezibonakalayo. Ngokukhawuleza okanye kamva wonke umntu uyayidinga.
Ophthalmologist - ngubani lo?
Ngaphambili, kwiinkampani ezininzi zonyango kwakunokwenzeka ukudibana neengcali ezazibandakanya ukuxilongwa kunye nokunyangwa kwamathambo kwizinto ezibonakalayo. Kwakuyi-oculist. Namhlanje, le mi sebenzi iyenziwa ngu-ophthalmologist. Ngenxa yeso sizathu, umbuzo uvela ngokwemvelo: ngaba zizinto ezimbini ezihlukeneyo okanye ezifanayo? Ukuqonda oku kuya kunceda intsingiselo yamagama asetyenziswayo. IsiLatini i-oculus ngokuguquguqukileyo iguqulela "iso". Eli gama, eliguqulelwe ukusuka kwisiGrike ukuya kwisiRashiya igama elithi "ophthalmology", lithetha "imfundiso yeso".
Ngomlinganiselo wanamhlanje, ezi zimbini zizodwa zifana. Ngamanye amazwi, i-ophthalmologist yi-oculist. Nangona abanye bakholelwa ukuba kukho ukungafani. Ngokombono wabo, i-ophthalmologist yinkwenkwezi enekhono lokufumana uphando kunye nokunyanga izifo ezibonakalayo, kodwa kwakhona, ukuba kuyimfuneko, ukwenza imisebenzi yokuhlinzwa. Unengxelo ebanzi ngaphezu kwe-ophthalmologist.
Ophthalmologist-orthoptist - ngubani lo?
Le ngcali esebenza kwintsimi yonyango. I-Orthoptist - yiloo nto ugqirha lwamehlo. Uxhomekeke kwipilisi yolu hlobo lokukhubazeka okubonakalayo:
- i-strabismus;
- amblyopia;
- ukuphulwa komthetho kunye nokuhlala.
Ziziphi uhlobo lwezifo ophilisa ngayo i-ophthalmologist?
Uluhlu lwezilwanyana ezinokulwa nalo mbutho. Ngaphambi kokuya kumgqirha onjalo, isigulane kubalulekile ukuqonda, i-ophthalmologist - ngubani na kunye nokuphilisa. Oku kuya kumvumela ukuba alungiselele kwangaphambili ukutyelelwa okunjalo. Nazi izifo ezithatha i-oculist:
- I-Myopia yi-anomaly ebangelwa ukukhubazeka okubonakalayo. Isigulane esinesi sifo sibonakala ngokucacileyo ngomfanekiso osondeleyo kuye, kwaye yintoni esilandelayo. Oku kubangelwa ukuba umfanekiso kweso lichaphazelekayo awunjalo kwi-retina, kodwa phambi kwayo.
- I-Astigmatism kukuphula umthetho ocacileyo, obangelwa ukuguqulwa kwe-lens okanye i-cornea.
- I-hyperopia yintlupheko ekujoliswe kuyo kwizinto ezikude zivela emva kwe-retina.
- I-Cataract - i-clouding ye-lens, ekhangela ukulahlekelwa ngumbono okanye okupheleleyo.
- I-Glaucoma iyinkimbinkimbi yokuphazamiseka apho kuqhutywe khona ukuqhuma kwegazi. Bangela ukukhubazeka okubonakalayo.
Imisebenzi ye-ophthalmologist
Umsebenzi oyintloko ojongene naloo ngcali uqhuba ukunyangwa kwamathambo xa kwenzeka izifo ezahlukahlukeneyo zemiba yombono. Imisebenzi yodokotela we-ophthalmologist kwi-polyclinic yile ndlela:
- lawula ulawulo lwamaziko ombono;
- ukuthintela ukuphuhliswa kweephologi okanye izifo ezithintekayo, ezibangelwa yimpembelelo enxulumene neminyaka;
- ukulungiswa kwesiphene sokubonakala;
- ukucebisa izigulane malunga nokukhethwa kweziglasi kunye neelensi;
- unyango lwe-allergies elibangela ukweba okukhulu;
- unyango lwebhali okanye esinye isifo esibangeleyo kwiinkophezelo;
- unyango lwezilwanyana zamehlo njalo njalo.
Ndifanele ndihambe nini kwi-oculist?
Ngexesha eli xesha, le ngcali ifuna ukutyelela abantu abadala kunye nabantwana. Kukho, nangona kunjalo, iimeko ezininzi xa umntu akakwazi ukulibazisa ukutyelela ugqirha. Ezi ziquka ezi zilandelayo:
- kwiliso lelanga kukho umzimba oqhelekileyo;
- ijwabu leso livuvuka;
- ukoma owomileyo okanye ukungahambi kakubi emehlweni;
- ukulahleka okukhulu kombono;
- intlungu rhoqo emehlweni ;
- iinyembezi ezinamandla;
- ukukhutshwa kwamanzi okuphuma kwamehlo.
Yiyo yonke into eyenziwa yi-ophthalmologist. Awukwazi ukuzama ukusombulula loo ngxaki, kuba oku akuyi kunika iziphumo ezifunwayo. Ukongezelela, imeko iyakwandisa, kuba ixesha alimkeleli isigulane. Kwakhona, ugqirha wezilwanyana i-ophthalmologist phakathi kweluhlu lwabagqirha abamele bahanjelwe ngabasetyhini abakhulelweyo nabasetyhini abasanda kuzalwa. Le ngcali kufuneka ihlolwe rhoqo ngeengcali:
- izigulane eziphezulu;
- ukuxhatshazwa kwesifo sikashukela;
- sebenza rhoqo kwikhompyutha;
- abo banesabelo esiza kuba nezifo zezixhobo ezibonakalayo.
Njani ukuqeshwa kunye ne-oculist?
Ngaphambi kokuya kulo gqirha, isigulane sifuna ukufumana okungakumbi: i-ophthalmologist - ngubani na kwaye kuya kwenziwa ntoni. Oku akuyona into enomdla, kodwa ukuphendula ngokuqhelekileyo komntu: unelungelo lokukwazi konke oku. Ugqirha uqala ophthalmologist ngokuphulaphula izikhalazo zesigulane. Emva kokuba ugqirha eqala ukuphonononga, omelelwa ngolo hlobo:
- hlola i-acuity check ;
- uviwo lwe-fundus;
- ukujonga ikhono le-lens kunye ne-cornea ukujolisa umfanekiso kwi-retina;
- umlinganiselo wokunyanzeliswa kwe- intraocular ;
- ukuqinisekiswa, okuvumela ukucacisa ikhono lomntu ukuhlukanisa imibala.
Izifo zesiso - ukuxilongwa
Ngaphambi kokuba ucebise inkambo yokonyango, ugqirha kufuneka anikeze ukuhlolwa. Ukongeza kwi-examination standard, ingcali ingancoma le nkqubo ilandelayo:
- ukuhambisa iimvavanyo zegazi jikelele kunye negazi.
- ukwenza i-immunogram;
- udlulise uvavanyo olubonakalayo lwezinto ezincinci ukufumanisa iintsholongwane ezibangela isilonda esisifo esithintekayo.
Ukongezelela, ugqirha lwamehlo linokucebisa iingcebiso zale ngcali:
- otolaryngologist;
- I-Allergist;
- oncologist;
- i-cardiologist;
- neurologist;
- endocrinologist.
Iingcebiso ze-Ophthalmologist
Naluphi na ukugula kulula ukukhusela kunokusiphatha kamva. Kuyafana nokukhubazeka kwezixhobo ezibonakalayo. Ukwazi, i-ophthalmologist okanye i-oculist - ngubani na, kwaye yintoni umsebenzi waloo ngcali onokuquka, kunokwenzeka ukulungisa ngexesha okanye kuye ukufumana uncedo olufanelekileyo ngexesha. Oku kuya kukhawuleza kwaye kuququzelele inkqubo yonyango.
Gcina amehlo akho enempilo, kunye nombono - iingcebiso ezilandelayo ze-oculist ziya kunceda:
- Ukunciphisa ukukhathala kwamehlo emva kokusebenza kwikhompyutheni, unokwenza i-lotions. I-compress eyenziwe ngobusi bendalo (1 ithisipuni), ihlanjululwe ngamanzi abilisayo abilisiwe (50 ml), yabonakala iphumelele kakhulu.
- Umgangatho wombono uphelelwe ngamandla ekudleni kokutya. Kuyinto enqwenelekayo ukucebisa ukutya ngokutya okunothile kwiivithamini A no-E.
- Iingcali zicebisa ukuba zixakeke rhoqo. Amaqatha ahlanjululwa ngexesha lokuhamba kweentloko zeentloko, kwaye ukunyuka kwabo kuyancipha.
- Awunakukufunda kwindawo evulekileyo kunye nezothutho.
- Ukuba ilanga likhanya, udinga ukugqoka izibane zokukhanya eziphezulu.
- Xa usebenza kwikhomputha, umgama phakathi kweso siso kunye ne-eyes kufanele ibe ngu-60 cm. Ukongeza, nganye iyure, kufuneka wenze umzuzu o-5.