Ngaba uyazi ukuba uluhlobo luni lwemidlalo lubonwa njengendlovukazi yezemidlalo kwaye kutheni? Ukuze uphendule lo mbuzo, umntu kufuneka aphendule kwimbali yezemidlalo - ubuncinane, leyo ibhalwe phantsi. Emva koko, kukho neentlobo zemisebenzi yezemidlalo engazange ilahlekelwe yimpumelelo kwiminyaka engaphezu kwe-2000.
U-Queen of Sports - i-athletics
Kwakumdlalo wezemidlalo owawunikwa isimo esinjalo sokuthoba. Kuyaziwa ukuba nakumaxesha amandulo amaxesha athile asebenzisa ukuphucula uqeqesho lwamajoni. Ngokuqinisekileyo uya kumangaliswa ukuba kutheni i-athletics yindlovukazi yezemidlalo, ukuba uyazi ukuba inxalenye yenkqubo yeMidlalo yeOlimpiki yokuqala eyayibanjwe kwiGrisi yamandulo ngo-776 BC. Le yona yemvelo yendalo, imidlalo yemvelo eyenzelwe nje ukuqiniswa komzimba.
I-Athletics njengemidlalo: imbali yanamhlanje
Kule nkqubela, i-athletics nayo ingabonakaliyo "inxaxheba" kuzo zonke iintlobo zokhuphiswano. Kwimihla ye-18-19, iirekodi ezibalulekileyo zabhalwa kwiindidi ezahlukahlukeneyo kule midlalo. Kukholelwa ngokusemthethweni ukuba ukuqala kweemidlalo zamanqanaba emqhudweni wenziwa ngo-1837 kwizikolo ezahlukeneyo eNgilani. Kamva baxhaswa ngokuqhuba imida emifutshane, bephonsa i-nucleus, bagxuma ubude, bahamba nemingcipheko, behamba kunye nokunye.
Ngowe-1865 kwinqununu yaseNgilani yaseLondon Athletic Club yasungulwa, ngenxa yokuba iimbambano zaza zaziwa kakhulu kwaye zithandwa. Esi siphumo sagxininiswa yimbonakalo ye-Amateur Athletic Association, ebumbene yonke imibutho encinane yeli lizwe.
Ukuqhubela phambili kwezemidlalo, ukumkanikazi wezemidlalo, uye waya eUnited States. IQela leMidlalo lahlelwa ngo-1868 eNew York. Emva koko, "imfashini" yezemidlalo yafika kwamanye amazwe amaninzi, apho imibutho eyahlukeneyo kunye neeklabhu zaqala ukwenza. Ukususela ngowe-1896, xa iMidlalo yeOlimpiki yavuselelwa, i-track-and-field athletics yaxhaphaka-emva koko, ekukhunjuleni i-Olympiads yokuqala, abaququzeleli babekhokela kwintshintsho entsha.
E-Russia ukulandelelana kwezemidlalo kunye neentsimi zaqala ukusabalalisa ukususela ngo-1888, xa iqela lokuqala lezemidlalo ekuhambeni libonakala kwiindawo zasePetersburg. Ukususela ngoko umkhondo wezemidlalo kunye nenkundla yezemidlalo ayizange ikhohliwe kwaye isoloko kuludwe lweengxoxo zezemidlalo ezidumile.
UMphathiswa weMidlalo namhlanje
Ngokwesiko, iimbaleko ziquka ukuhamba, ukuhamba, ukuxumla nokuphonsa, ezidibeneyo kwezi zilandelayo:
- zi sebenza;
- ukuhamba kwezemidlalo;
- iintlobo zobuchwepheshe (ukuxuma nokuphonsa);
- kuzo zonke;
- ugijima (usebenza emgwaqweni omkhulu);
- ilizwe eliphambeneyo.
Njengomphumo wokhuphiswano, umqoqo ukhethwa, onokuba ngumdlali okanye iqela elibonisa umphumo ogqwesileyo
Ngendlela, abagijimi kunye nabagijimi baqala ukuvuthwa kwezemidlalo ukususela kwiminyaka engama-5-6. Ngaphambili umntwana waqala ukubandakanya kulo mdlalo, mhlawumbi uya kuphumelela kuyo.
Oku mhlawumbi imidlalo ethandwa kakhulu - namhlanje iimidlalo zithandwa phakathi kwamantombazana naphakathi kwamadoda. I-International Association of Athletics Federations, esebenza ukususela ngo-1912, idibanisa imibutho engaphezulu kwama-200.