I-Erythrocytes inoxanduva lomgangatho we-oksijini egazini kunye nenani le-hemoglobin. Xa izinga le-erythrocyte lihla kakhulu, i-reticulocytes ikhutshwe ngokugqithiseleyo emnzini wethambo. Ezi iiseli kwiintsuku ezimbalwa zijika zibe ngamaseli obomvu apheleleyo kwaye ziyakwazi ukuhlawula ngokupheleleyo ilahleko eziye zavela. Yintoni eqhelekileyo ye-reticulocytes, kwaye yintoni intsingiselo yobungakanani bayo inokuthi, siza kuxubusha namhlanje.
Yintoni eqhelekileyo ye-reticulocyte egazini?
Umxholo we-reticulocytes egazini unokuhluka ngenxa yezizathu ezininzi. Ngokuqhelekileyo, zibandakanya iinkqubo zeengxaki ezinxulumene nokulahlekelwa igazi kunye nokucinezelwa kweentso kunye nomnatha wethambo. Inyaniso kukuba ukuguqulwa kwe-reticulocytes kwi-erythrocytes kwenzeka phantsi kwefuthe le-erythropoietin, i-hormone eveliswa yi-adrenals kunye neentso. Isiqhelo se-reticulocytes sinqunywe nge-ppm ngokumalunga nenani elipheleleyo legazi kunye nezinye izinto zingabonisa ukusilela kwe-hormone. Ukwanda kwe-erythropoietin kubonisa i-oksijini yendlala, izizathu zolu hlobo zihlukile:
- ukutshatyalaliswa ngokukhawuleza kwe-erythrocytes ngenxa yokuhlaselwa kwamachiza evela ngaphandle;
- ukutshabalalisa i-erythrocyte ngenxa yemisebenzi yeekhemikhali yendalo;
- ukulahlekelwa kwegazi elikhulu;
- uxinzelelo lokuphefumula;
- ukuqhuma, okanye ukuvalwa kwemibhobho emikhulu.
Isiqhelo se-reticulocytes kubasetyhini kunye namadoda siyahluka kakhulu. Ngaphambi kwexesha lokufikisa, abafana kunye namantombazana banokulingana, kodwa kwinkqubo yokuzala, abesifazana baphulukana negazi elininzi, kunye nendawo kunye neeseli ezibomvu zegazi, ngoko i-reticulocyte ibalwa ngokunyuka kakhulu. Ngoko, oku kusemgangathweni ye-reticulocytes kwipesenti kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo zezigulane:
- iintsana ezisandula kuzalwa - 0.15-1.5%;
- 2-6 iveki yobomi - 0.45-2.1;
- 8-12 iveki yobomi - 0,25-0,9%;
- Iinyanga ezili-6 - iminyaka eyi-1.5 - i-0.2-1%;
- I-1,5 -2 iminyaka-0,2-0,7%;
- ukususela kwiminyaka emi-2 ukuya kweyesi-6 - i-0.2-0.8%;
- ukususela kwiminyaka emi-6 kuya kwe-13-0.2-1.3%;
- amantombazana angaphezu kweminyaka eyi-13 kunye nabantu abadala - 0.12-2.05%;
- Amakhwenkwe angaphezu kweminyaka eyi-13 kunye namadoda - u-0,24-1,7%.
Ukuba inani le-reuculocytes liqhelekile, oku akusiqinisekiso sokuba umzimba uphilile, kuphela ukuhlolwa kwegazi okuphindaphindiweyo kunokuqinisekisa ukungabikho kwamathambo. Qinisekisa izinga le-reticulocytes ngegazi elibanjwe kwisisu. Abantwana abancinane kakhulu bangasebenzisa igazi le-capillary kule njongo.
Yintoni enokuba yinto yokuphambuka kwama-reticulocytes ukusuka kwinto evamile ekuhlalutheni kwegazi?
Ukuba ukuhlolwa kwegazi ngokupheleleyo kubonisa ukuba i-reticulocytes ingaphantsi kwesiqhelo, oku kunokubonisa ukuba utshintsho olunjalo kumsebenzi womzimba:
- zonke iintlobo zesifo sesifo;
- umonakalo kumnatha wethambo;
- ukuchithwa kwamalungu ngenxa ye-erythropoiesis esisigxina (ukutshabalalisa i-erythrocytes kunye nemfuno yokuveliswa kwazo);
- i-aplastic anemia ;
- i-hypemlastic anemia;
- ukungahambi kakuhle kwemvelo;
- igazi kunye nezifo ze-hemopoietic;
- izifo ze-oncological nge metastasis kwizakhiwo zethambo;
- utywala obunaphakade.
Inqanaba eliphakamileyo le-reticulocytes licebisa ukuba kukho ukwehla okukhulu kwenani lamaseli obomvu kunye nomzimba wasabela kuwo ngokwaneleyo - ngokunyuka
- ukuphumelela kwe-anti-anemia therapy;
- ukuphuma kwegazi esandula;
- ukutshatyalaliswa okukhulu kwe-erythrocyte;
- malariya ;
- I-Thalassemia kunye nezinye izifo ezithintekayo ezichaphazela i-hemoglobin kunye ne-erythrocyte;
- izifo ze-oncological kunye nomonakalo womnyo wethambo.
Isizathu esicacileyo sokuguquka kwinqanaba le-reticulocytes lingasungulwa ngokufunda ngokucophelela yonke imbali.