Imifuno kulula ukuba ikhule. Ukuba ulandela iziphakamiso malunga nokukhula kweembotyi, unokufumana ngokukhawuleza isityalo senkcubeko, esetyenziswa ngokubanzi ekhishini. Ingagcinwa, i-salads, isobho, i-stews zilungiselelwe. Ukongezelela, izityalo zixhamle kwiibhaktheriya zokulungisa i-nitrojeni, kwaye ziphucula ukondla komhlaba.
Indlela yokutshala iimbotyi kwindawo evulekile?
Into yokuqala yokucinga ngayo yindawo efanelekileyo yokutyala. Izidingo zommandla apho iimbotyi zikhulile khona:
- Iimbotyi zidinga i-platform yolanga;
- indawo kufuneka ikhutshwe kwiindawo ezingenamoya ezikufutshane nezicwangciso ezifanelekileyo, ngakumbi ukunyuka kweentlobo;
- iibhontshisi zentaba zitsalwa ngokufanelekileyo phakathi kweetabhidi zeklabishi kunye namazambane;
- umhlaba ungathathi hlangothi okanye unobungozi obuthakathaka;
- Kungcono ukuthabatha indawo engasayi kutshalwa kwaye ubeke ubhontshisi apho, iya kugcwalisa umhlaba nge nitrogen;
- Ukutyala kuqhutyelwa xa amaqabunga asalindelekanga, ekupheleni kukaMeyi okanye ekuqaleni kukaJuni.
Indlela yokukhulisa ubhontshisi endle?
Isigaba sesibini kukulungiswa kwezinto zokutyala. Indlela yokukhulisa ubhontshisi ukusuka kwimbewu:
- zihlelwe ngaphambili, zilahlwe;
- Kunqweneleka ukucwina iimbotyi (gxiba i-gauze iintsuku ezingama-2-3 kunye nokunyusa);
- Kucetyiswa ukuba ubeke imizuzu emihlanu kwisisombululo esixilisayo se-boric acid ukwenzela ukukhusela amahlumela ezinambuzane;
- umyezo ubisiwe, iimbotyi zinamathele kumqolo ukuya kwi-5 cm ephakamileyo, ixesha eliphakathi kwezityalo li-15 cm;
- ukuba iinqununu eziliqela zicwangcisiwe, umgama phakathi kwabo kufuneka ube ubuncinane obungama-40 cm;
- Iimbotyi ezinamanzi zihlwayelwa izidleki-5-7 iziqendu nganye;
- iibhedi kunye nembewu enisela;
- ukuba akukho ncediso olukufuphi, ke iifologi ziqhutyelwa emhlabathini.
Unokunyamekela njani iimbotyi?
Xa ujongene nokufika, kufuneka ucinge ngendlela yokukhupha iimbotyi kwaye unikezele ngononophelo olufanelekileyo. Iimbotyi azibonakalisi iimfuno eziyinkimbinkimbi, kodwa kukho ukungafani. Ubhontshisi - ukukhula okufanelekileyo kunye nokunakekelwa:
- Ukukhulula umhlaba. Umhlaba kufuneka uphephelwe ekuqaleni kokuhluma, ngakumbi emva kokunkcenkceshela okanye imvula. Le nkqubo ayivumeli umhlaba ukuba umile kwaye ungadluli kakuhle. Oku kwenziwa ngokucophelela, ukuze kungonakali inkqubo yeengcambu. Ukukhululeka kunokudibaniswa nokutyhala.
- Ulawulo lwezilwanyana. Ngokuqhelekileyo, iimbotyi zibetha i- slugs . Ukukhusela ubunzima, kufuneka siphule ukhula ngexesha elifanelekileyo kwaye sijonge ukunyamezela komhlaba. Xa iintlekele zibonakala, zifake ngesandla. Ukuchasene nezifo zentlaka zisebenzisa izilwanyana zobhedu.
- Ukuqhawula. Emva kokuba izityalo zifikelele ubude beemitha ezimbini, kufuneka zifinyezwe ukusuka phezulu, ukwenzela ukukhuthaza ukuyila kwee-ovari.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu kweembotyi
Njengomthetho, ukukhula kweembotyi kubungakanani bezityalo ezinkulu kunceda umquba. Ngethuba lokuqala, inkosi yebhontshisi inondliwa ngexesha leenyanga. Ukwenza oku, sebenzisa isichumisi esisisigxina se-mineral (40 amagremu nganye ngomitha we square). Inkqubo yenziwa kunye nokukhululeka, ukuxuba ukubunjwa nomhlaba. Ukukhulisa iimbotyi kwintsimi, kuyimfuneko ukuzalisa ukungabikho kwe-nitrogen, evela kwimimandla eyingozi. Ngenxa yoko, umhlaba uzaliswe ngeentlobo zeentaka ezidibeneyo.
Isihlandlo sesibini sesichumiso senziwa emva kweentsuku ezingama-20. Ngeli xesha bafunwa kwi-ovary yeziqhamo ezinkulu ezidinga i-magnesium, i-phosphorus kunye ne-potassium. Le setethi yezinto ezincinci zikhoyo kwi-ash ash. Yongezwa ngqo kumhlaba okanye ilungiswe ngokunyuswa. Iipunipodi ezimbini zomxube nganye kwithayitha yamanzi zixhomekeke iintsuku ezimbalwa, zanisela isityalo
Ukunkcenkceshwa kweembotyi
Iibhontshisi ziyakuthanda amanzi, ingakumbi ngexesha lokubunjwa kwamahlamvu kunye neepods. Kubalulekile ukwazi indlela yokukhulisa kakuhle ubhontshisi kwaye ungagqithisi. Ekuqaleni, inkcubeko ityathwa kanye ngeveki, isebenzisa malunga neelitha ezi-5-6 zamanzi kwi-square meter. Emva kokuba isityalo sibe namaqabunga angama-4-5, ukunqunyulwa kwamanzi kunganqanyulwa - oku kubangelwa ukuba ukunyusa okungaphezulu kunomthelela ekukhuleni kwamagqabi, kwaye ukuveliswa kwemiphunga kuyonakalisa.
Ukuxiliswa kwamanzi kuqhubeka emva kokuqala kwemifuno kunye nefods ifomu. Isilinganiso sakhe siphume - i-15-20 ilitha nganye ngomitha wesikwere. Kungcono ukusebenzisa amanzi emvula phakathi kwemigca. Kucebisekile ukuba ugweme ukufumana amaconsi emaqabini, ukuze ungabhubhisi izifo zenyama. Ukunisela kuyenziwe kusasa, ukuze umhlaba ungasomisa ebusuku.
Ziziphi iibhontshisi zilungele ukukhula?
Le nkcubeko yentsapho yemifuno ineziqhamo ngendlela yeempondo kunye neziqhamo. Ukuze ukwazi indlela yokukhulisa ibhontshisi yomtya, kubalulekile ukucacisa iindidi zezityalo. Zonke iintlobo zaso zihlulwe zibe zimbini iintlobo ngokuhambelana nokukhula kwazo: i-curly and bushy. Iintlobo ziyahluka ngobukhulu nangomthunzi - zibomvu , ezimhlophe , ziluphuzi, zibomvu, zi-monochrome okanye zibonakala. Ukongezelela, bahlukeneyo ngamaxesha okukhula. Ukuze ube nexesha lovuna lonke, unokudibanisa iintlobo. Iibhontshisi zentaba, umzekelo, ithatha indawo eninzi, kodwa ingekafiki. Ukuvuthwa kukuvumela ukuba uvuno olukhulu kwiqhosha elincinci.
Iibhontshisi ze-asparagus - ezikhulayo
Le nkcubeko ifana kakhulu ne-asparagus. Ukwahluke kwaso kwiimbotyi eziqhelekileyo kukuba ii-podsinayo i-parchment layers, zidliwa ngotshani. Indlela yokukhulisa ubhontshisi be-asparagus:
- Inkcubeko ihlwayelwa ngoMeyi kwindawo ekhanyayo;
- I-Potassium kunye ne-ash ash zifakwa emhlabathini;
- icebo lokulima: umgama phakathi kwezityalo ngu-10-15 cm, imiqolo ihlelwe ngo-40 cm;
- isiqithi sebhontshisi ye-asparagus ifinyelela kubude be-50 cm, i-winding-2 m, kubo kuyinqweneleka ukufaka inkxaso;
- Ukunisela kuqhutyelwa phantsi kweengcambu, ukuba umhlaba umile;
- emva kokumisa imibhede kufuneka ukhulule;
- emva kokuba amahlumela afinyelele ku-2.5m ukuphakama, baquba;
- ukutshala ngexesha lokucwilisa ngokucoca ngamaminerali;
- iintlobo zokuvuthwa kwasekuqaleni ziveliswa kwiintsuku ezingama-50, emva kwexesha-emva kweentsuku eziyi-100-130;
- iziqhamo zihlanjululwe kwiimeko zobisi ezivuthayo.
Indlela yokukhulisa ubhontshisi obomvu?
Iindidi zobhontshisi obomvu zihluke: I-Colorado, i-Skorospelka, iTashkent, i-Tomato kunye neentlobo zokuhlobisa - I-Winner eneentyantyambo ezibomvu okanye i-Raspberry ring nge pinki. Iimbotyi ezibomvu zikhangela isivuno esikhulu kunye nobutyebi bamavithamini. Ikhula kuyo nayiphi na umhlaba, ngaphandle kobumba. Indlela yokukhulisa ibhontshisi yentambo yokuhlobisa :
- Imbewu ingahlwayelwa kakade ekupheleni kuka-Epreli kwixesha eliphakathi kwe-20 cm ukusuka kwelinye nelinye ukuya kwi-5 cm ye-2-3 cm ngokufanelekileyo;
- emgodini unako ukudibanisa umlotha kunye ne-1 tsp. chumisi;
- kuba kuyimfuneko ukuseka ngexesha elixhasayo-i-mesh-netting, iiplanga okanye izityambo zensimbi kunye neentambo ezolulelwe phakathi kwazo. Iibhontshisi zihlwayelwe ngapha kwecingo okanye ezindongeni zendlu, apho zikhangelelwa ngabantu bonke ngemibala eqaqambileyo kwaye zihlobisa isayithi;
- ukwenzela ukuba isityalo sikhulise ubunzima obunzima obunzima, umhlaba ufefa nge-humus 5 mm.
- Ngexesha lehlotyana uninzi oluchumayo ngamachumisi omgquba olwenziwe ngamaminerali lwenziwa;
- Ubhontshisi obomvu zidinga ukuthambisa okuninzi;
- Ngo-Agasti zikhona iziqhamo-iindidi ezinomdla eziqhelekileyo ezineziqhamo ezinemibala.
Ubhontshisi abamnyama - njani ukukhula?
Iimbotyi ezinjalo zifumaneka kwi-maroon njengoluhlobo lwe-Kindi okanye malunga nomnyama-Preto. Ezi mbotyi zihluke kwabanye kubumnandi obuphezulu, isakhiwo esomeleleyo kunye nokutya kwenyama. Izifundo zokubunjwa kwamabhontshisi amnyama zibonakalise ukuba lo ngumthombo ocebileyo kunye nomncedi wemvelaphi yezityalo. Iqukethe inani elikhulu leprotheni, kufuphi nesilwanyana.
I-Agrotechnics yokulima ubhontshisi abamnyama , ukulima kunye nokunyamekelwa kwayo akufani kwezinye iintlobo zeembotyi eziqhelekileyo. Ikhula kakuhle emhlabathini owumileyo, ngaphambi kokutyala imbewu ifakwe emanzini atshisayo (i-degrees ezingama-70) kunye nokongezwa kwe-permanganate ye-potassium. Ukunyamekela oku ngakumbi kubandakanya ukukhulula, ukukhula, ukutyisa, ukuthambisa, ikakhulukazi ngexesha leentyantyambo. Kuyathakazelisa ukuba izithelo ezimnyama kuphela azichaphazeleka yintlanzi kunye nenqolowa. Emva kokujongana nombuzo wendlela yokukhulisa iimbotyi, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lweembotyi. Ukwenza oku, bomekile kwaye bagcinwe kwiingxowa zesikhumba.
Indlela yokukhupha iimbotyi ezimhlophe?
Isityalo esineziqhamo ezimhlophe sithetha ukuvuthwa nokuphakama okukhulu. Iindidi zifuna ukuzihlukanisa ngexesha lokutshala, esinye isihlathi sabiwe umgama malunga nesiqingatha semitha. Iimbotyi ezikhulayo, ezinye iingcebiso:
- Iimbotyi ezimhlophe zihamba nge-thermophilic, ngokubhekiselele kwiqondo lokushisa-likhula kwinkqubela phambili ngo-18-25 ° C. Emva kokuhlwayela, loo ndawo ingabonwa ngefilimu ye-polyethylene - ngoko iya kufudumala ngokukhawuleza;
- ukukhula kwamabhontshi amhlophe, ukunyuka kwamanzi kuyadingeka - kunye nokungabi naso, iintyatyambo ziza kuwela. Kodwa i-waterlogging nayo inobungozi - iziqwenga ziya kukhula, kodwa akukho siqhamo;
- isityalo sifuna ukukhanya okukhulu - ngakumbi ezinye iintlobo zikhula, ezantsi ziya kuba;
- Xa useneminyaka emininzi ubudala, kufuneka uququze amahlathi kunye ne-superphosphate.