Ukucinga kuyindlela ebalulekileyo yokuqonda ngomntu, apho athola ulwazi olutsha, ukhula kwaye abe ngcono. Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokucinga ezingasetyenziswa nanini na kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo.
Yintoni ehluthwayo?
Indlela yokucinga, apho izigqibo ezicetywayo zithathwa malunga nesifundo esithile okanye imeko ngokwemigaqo yolwazi jikelele, kuthiwa iyancitshiswa. NgesiLatini, eli gama lithetha "ukuvelisa okanye ukulandelelana kwengqiqo". Umntu usebenzisa ulwazi oluchanekileyo kunye neenkcukacha ezithile, uhlalutya, udibanisa iinkcukacha kwinqanawa ethile, kwaye uphetha kwisiphetho. Indlela yokwehliswa yaziwa ngeencwadi kunye neefilimu malunga nomcebisi uSherlock Holmes.
Ukutshitshiswa kwi-Philosophy
Ukusebenzisa ingcamango yokunciphisa ukwakha ulwazi lwezesayensi lwaqala kumaxesha amandulo. Abafilosofi abaziwayo, umzekelo, uPlato, uAristotle no-Euclid, basebenzise ukwenza inkcazo ngokusekelwe kwingcaciso ekhoyo. Ukuchithwa kwifilosofi yimbono yokuba iingqondo ezahlukeneyo zichazwe kwaye ziqondwe ngendlela yazo. Izicatshulwa zithathwa njengolu hlobo lokucinga lufana ne-intuition, apho umntu angakwazi ukufumana ulwazi ngokucinga. Uvo lwakhe ngoluphi ukuxothwa, uLebibniz kunye noWolf babecinga ukuba isiseko sokufumana ulwazi lokwenyaniso.
Ukukhutshwa kweengqondo
Ukucinga kusetyenziswa kwindlela eyahlukileyo, kodwa kukho iinjongo ezijoliswe ekufundeni ukutsalwa. Injongo ephambili yengqondo yenzelwa ukufundisisa ukuphuhliswa nokuphulwa kweengcinga ezidityanisiweyo kubantu. Oku kubangelwa kukuba ekubeni olu hlobo lokucinga lubonisa ukunyakaza ukusuka kolwazi olubanzi kuhlalutyo oluthile, ke zonke iinkqubo zengqondo zibandakanyeka. Iingcamango zokuncitshiswa zifundwa kwinkqubo yokwakhiwa kweengcamango nezisombululo zeengxaki ezahlukeneyo.
Ukukhutshwa - iingeniso kunye nokungalunganga
Ukuze kuqondwe kangcono amathuba okunciphisa indlela yokucinga, kufuneka umntu aqonde iingenelo kunye nokungahambi kakuhle.
- Kunceda ukugcina ixesha kunye nokunciphisa umthamo wezinto eziphathiswayo.
- Ungayisebenzisa nangona kungekho nolwazi olungaphambili kwintsimi ethile.
- Ukuqiqa ngokucokisekileyo kukunceda ekuphuhliseni ukucinga okubalulekileyo, ubungqina obusekelwe kwisiseko.
- Unika ulwazi jikelele, iingcamango nezakhono.
- Unceda ukuvavanya iingcamango zophando njengengcaciso ecacileyo.
- Uphucula ukucinga kweengcali.
Umgcini:
- Umntu kwiimeko ezininzi ufumana ulwazi kwifomu egqityiweyo, oko kukuthi, akafundanga ulwazi.
- Kwezinye iimeko kunzima ukudweba ityala elithile phantsi komgaqo jikelele.
- Ayinakusetyenziswa ukufumana iziganeko ezintsha, imithetho kunye neengcamango.
Ukutshitshiswa kunye nokuKhutshwa
Ukuba intsingiselo yekota yokuqala sele iqondwe, ngoko ke, ngokubhekiselele ekufakeni inqununu, kuyindlela yokwakha i-derived generation esekelwe kwindawo yangasese. Akayisebenzisi imithetho enengqiqo, kodwa uthembela kwingcaciso ethile yengqondo kunye neyiyo echanekileyo. Ukukhutshwa kunye nokuqulunqwa yimigaqo emibini ebalulekileyo encedisana. Ukuqonda okungcono, kuyafaneleka ukuqwalasela umzekelo:
- Ukutshitshiswa ngokuqhelekileyo ukuya kutsho kuchaza ukufumanisa kolunye ulwazi oluchanileyo ngolunye, kwaye luya kwenzeka. Ngokomzekelo, zonke iibongozi ngabalobi, isiphelo: I-Pushkin ngumlobi kunye nomlobi.
- Ukuchithwa kuyinto echazwayo ngokuvela kwezinye izinto kunye nokukhokelela ekuveleni, ngoko bathetha ukuba kukho utshintsho oluvela kwiinkcukacha ezithembekileyo ezinokwenzeka. Ngokomzekelo, iPushkin ngumlobi, njengoBlok noMeakoakovsky, oko kuthetha ukuba bonke abantu bangabondlo.
Indlela yokuphuhlisa ukuchithwa?
Umntu ngamnye unethuba lokuhlakulela ekucingeni kwakhe okucuthayo, oku luncedo kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo zobomi.
- Imidlalo . Ukuphuhlisa imemori ungasebenzisa imidlalo ehlukeneyo: i-chess, i-puzzles, i-Sudoku kunye nokuzonwabisa kwekhadi kwenza abadlali bacinge ngokuhamba kwabo baze bazikhumbuze amakhadi.
- Ukulungisa iingxaki . Yilapho inkqubo yesikolo kwi-physics, i-mathematics kunye nezinye i-sayensi ifumaneka ngokufanelekileyo. Ngethuba lesisombululo seengxaki, uqeqesho olucothayo luya kwenzeka. Musa ukuhlala kwinguqulo enye yesisombululo kwaye kuyacetyiswa ukuba ubujonge ingxaki ukusuka kwindawo eyahlukileyo, ukubonelela enye.
- Ukwandiswa kolwazi . Ukuphuhliswa kohluthiso kuthetha ukuba umntu kufuneka asebenze rhoqo ukuze akhulise i-horizons yakhe, "athathaka" ulwazi oluninzi kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo. Oku kuya kunceda kwixesha elizayo ukwakha izigqibo zabo, ngokusekelwe kolwazi oluthile kunye namava.
- Qaphela . Ukutshatyalaliswa kwenzalo akunakwenzeka ukuba umntu akakwazi ukujonga iinkcukacha ezibalulekileyo. Ngexesha lokunxibelelana nabantu, kunconywa ukuba ubeke ingqalelo kwimpawu, ubuso, ubuso begama kunye neminye imiba eyokunceda ukuqonda iinjongo zomnxibelelwano, ukubala ukuthembeka kwakhe njalo njalo. Ukuba sithuthi seburhulumenteni, jonga abantu kwaye wenze izicamango ezahlukeneyo, umzekelo, apho umntu ehamba khona, oko akwenzayo nangaphezulu.
Ukukhutshwa - Ukuzivocavoca
Ukuphuhlisa ukucinga okucuthayo, kucetyiswa ukuqeqesha ingqalelo, ukucinga okungabonakaliyo kunye nememori yokusebenza. Kukho umsebenzi olula, indlela yokufunda ukuxothwa, enokuthi kwenziwe ngabantu abadala kunye nabantwana:
- Sebenzisa nayiphi na imifanekiso kwaye kungcono ukuba baninzi iinkcukacha ezincinci. Khangela umfanekiso ngomzuzu, uzama ukukhumbula ngeyona nkcukacha ngokubanzi, uze ubhale yonke into egcinwe kwimemori kwaye ukhangele. Nciphisa ngokukhawuleza ixesha lokubukela.
- Sebenzisa amagama afanayo kwaye uzama ukufumana inani eliphezulu lokungafani kuzo. Umzekelo: i-oki / ipineyini, indawo yelizwe / iifotra, inkondlo / ibhaliweyo kunye nokunye. Iingcali zincoma ukuba ufunde ukufunda amagama ngokuchaseneyo.
- Bhala phantsi amagama abantu kunye nemihla yesiganeko esithile ebomini babo. Unako izikhundla ezine. Bafunde kathathu, kwaye ke, bhala yonke into ekhunjulwayo.
Indlela ephucukileyo yokucinga - iincwadi
Enye yeendlela ezibalulekileyo zokuphuhlisa ukucinga okucuthayo kukufunda iincwadi. Abantu abaninzi abanakuze bakrokrele ukuba lukhulu kangakanani le nzuzo: kukho ukuqeqeshwa kweememori, ukwanda kweehorizons kunye nokukhula komntu . Ukusebenzisa indlela yokwehlisa, akudingeki ukuba ufunde iincwadi kuphela, kodwa ukuhlalutya imeko echazwe, khumbula, uqhathanise kwaye uqhube ezinye iindlela.
- Kwabo abanomdla kwizinto ezithathayo, kuya kuba mnandi ukufunda umlobi wale ndlela yokucinga -Rene Descartes "Ingxoxo malunga nendlela yokukhokela ingqondo yakho kwaye uyifumane inyaniso kwinzululwazi."
- Kwiincwadi ezicetyiswayo ngabacuphi abahlukeneyo, umzekelo, i-classic - AK Doyle "Iintengo zeSherlock Holmes" kunye nabaninzi abanobhala: A. Christie, D. Dontsova, S. Shepard nabanye. Ukufunda uncwadi olunjalo kuyimfuneko ukuyisebenzisa indlela yokunciphisa yokucinga ukuze uqikelele ukuba ubani onokuthi ulwaphulo-mthetho.