Le klasi yezifo zabantu, njenge-autoimmune, inxulumene nemisebenzi ye-immune yokukhubazeka kunye nokuveliswa kwamathambo omzimba osebenza ngokumelene nezicubu zomzimba eziphilileyo kwaye zikhokelela ekutshintsheni kwabo okanye ekutshatyalaliswa kwabo. Ezi ntsholongwane zinokuchaphazela izitho ezahlukeneyo kunye neenkqubo, kubandakanywa nesibindi. Ngaloo ndlela, kwabasetyhini, ngakumbi kwiminyaka engama-40 ukuya kuma-50, i-cirrhosis yokuqala yebhiliyari iyakhula, kwaye kwiimeko ezininzi iintsapho zeso sifo ziphawulwe (phakathi koodade, oomama kunye neentombi, njl.).
Izizathu kunye nezigaba ze-cirrhosis eziphambili ze-biliary
Okwangoku, awaziwa yintoni na indlela yokuqala yokuphuhlisa i-cirrhosis ye-biliary eyimpumelelo, kule ngxelo yeengxoxo kunye neengxoxo ziyaqhubeka. Phakathi kweengcinga malunga nezizathu zokukhubazeka zilandelayo:
- Ukusuleleka kwintsholongwane kunye neentsholongwane (iintsholongwane zandul 'uqobo malunga nesifo esithintekayo sisifo).
- izifo zehomoni;
- imfuza;
- ifuthe kumzimba weekhemikhali;
- ezinye izifo ezizimele (i-rheumatoid arthritis, isifo sikaRaynaud, i-Sjogren's syndrome, i-thyroiditis autoimmune, i-scleroderma, i-tubular acal acidosis, njl.).
Kukho izigaba ezine ekuphuhlisweni kwesi sifo:
- Kwinqanaba lokuqala, ngenxa yeempendulo zokuzimela, ukungavumi ukuvuvukala okuvuthayo kwe-intrahepatic bin duc kwenzeka, i-stagnation ye-bile iyabonwa.
- Emva koko kukho ukwehla kwenani le-bile ducts, ukukhusela i-excretion ye-bile kunye nokungena kwayo egazini.
- Amaphetshana okungena kwesibindi athatyathwa ngamathambo enqabileyo, izibonakaliso zokuvuvukala okuchukumisayo kunye neziganeko zesifo se-necrotic kwi-parenchyma ziyabonwa.
- Isigaba se-cirrhosis encinci kunye ne-nodrous-nodular-nodular kunye nemiqondiso ye-peripheral ne-central cholestasis.
Iimpawu ze-cirrhosis eziphambili ze-biliary
Ubonakaliso bokuqala bokugula, apho izigulane zihlala zikhalaza, zi:
- Ubuthakathaka obunzima, ukukhathala okukhawuleza, ukulala, ukukhawuleza umsebenzi kunye nokuphazamiseka kwamandla okusebenza;
- ukukhwa kwesikhumba (kwiimeko ezininzi zivakaliswa, zibi kakhulu ebusuku, kwaye emva kokuhlamba, zichaphazela iimveliso zeeyile);
- ukuqina kwesikhumba, ukuqinisa umzekelo wesikhumba;
- i-icterus yesikhumba, iimbumba ezinamaqabunga, i-sclera;
- amehlo omeleyo ;
- ukungathandeki, ukunyameka kwi-hypochondrium.
Kwakhona, izigulane zivame ukuphazamiseka ngokunyuka kancinci kwimeko yokushisa komzimba, intloko, ukungabikho kokutya, ukulahleka kwesisindo, imeko yokudandatheka. Kwezinye izigulane, i-cirrhosis ephambili ye-biliary kwisigaba sokuqala sembuyekezo iyanqabile.
Emva koko iimpawu ezilandelayo zongezwa kwiimpawu ezibonisiweyo:
- Izityalo ze-Vascular esikhumbeni;
- ubomvu bobuso, iinyawo kunye neentende;
- ukulungiswa kwezikhonkwane ("ubukele ingilazi"), ukubonakala kwamabhanki amhlophe aguqukayo;
- ukuqiniswa kweepiyile phalanges.
Ngenxa yokuphazamiseka kokufunyanwa kwamavithamini kunye nezinye izondlo, i-osteoporosis, i-steatorrhea, i-hypothyroidism, i-varicose veins ye-hemorrhoid ne-esophageal veins, i-ascites, ukuphuma kwamanzi kunye nezinye iingxaki nazo zinokuyilwa.
Ukuxilongwa kwe-britary cirrhosis
Ukunikezelwa kwezi zifo zixhomekeke kwiimvavanyo zelabhoratri:
- vavanyo lwegazi jikelele;
- vavanyo lwegazi ;
- coagulogram;
- iilingo eziphambili;
- lipidogram;
- Uhlalutyo jikelele lomchamo.
Qinisekisa ukuba ukuxilongwa kwenzeka nge-biopsy yesibindi, eyenziwa phantsi kolawulo lwe-ultrasound.
Unyango lwe-cirrhosis yebhiliyali ephambili
Unyango oluthile lwesifo alukho, kuphela iindlela ezinciphisa ubunzima beempawu zeklinikhi, ayeke ukunyuka kwe-cirrhosis, ukuthintela ukuphuhliswa kweengxaki ezinzima. Ngokukodwa, ezi ziimpawu zonyango ngokutyunjwa kwezidakamizwa ze-immunosuppressive, i-glucocorticosteroids, i-cholagogues, i-hepatoprotectors, i-antihistamines, njl. Nezindlela ze-physicotherapeutic zisetyenzisiwe, ukutya okukhethekileyo kunqunywe. Kwiimeko ezinzima, ukungenelela okupakanyiswayo kuqhutyelwa ngqo kwi-propelled plantation.