I-gloomy yigama elingenakuqondakala kubantu abaninzi, eliguqulelwe ngesiNgesi igama elithi "obscurantism" kwaye liguqulelwe ukusuka kwisiLatini ngokuthi "ukufihla". Inokusetyenziswa kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zokuphila, ukuqala ngonqulo nokuphelisa urhulumente.
Yiyintoni le ngqungquthela?
Isimo sengqondo, esekelwe kwisimo sengqumbo senzululwazi, inkcubeko kunye nenkululeko yomuntu, kuthiwa yi-obscurantism. Njengokuhamba ngokuhlelekile, kubonakala ngexesha lokuqala kwezesayensi kunye nenkqubela yezobugcisa. Abantu abaninzi, bachaza ukuba le nto i-obscurantism, thetha ngokunqula iidemon. Le yangoku kusekelwe kwiingcamango ezininzi:
- ukulimala kokufundisa inani elikhulu labantu;
- impembelelo ebhubhisayo yenguqu yesayensi kunye nezobuchwepheshe;
- ukuchasana naluphi na utshintsho olwenzelwe ukwandisa inkululeko yomuntu ngamnye.
Isidima kunye nokungazi
Nangona kunjalo lusizi lungazwakala, kodwa ukungazi kakuhle nokungazi ziyinxalenye yoluntu wanamhlanje, eqinisweni, iimeko eziphosakeleyo. Ukuba sithelekisa iinjongo zabantu banamhlanje kunye nalabo bahlala kwiminyaka yama-60 neye-70, umahluko uhlukile. I-obscurantism yakhokelela ekubeni abantu bayeka ukuzama ukufumana imfundo (ngokomzimba, imbali, imathematika), bakholelwa ukuba oku kuchitha ixesha kwaye unokufumana imali ngaphandle kwayo. Ukudibana nomntu onenkqubela phambili o) akulula. Yintoni eya kuhokela kulo mkhonto ayicacanga, kodwa ngamathuba, ngethuba, lusizi.
Inzululwazi kunye ne-obscurantism
Kungekudala, iziganeko ezahlukeneyo zeenkwenkwezi, ubuchule bokusebenza ngamandla, i-telekinesis kunye nezinye iindlela zithandwa kakhulu, ezingenayo inyanzeliso yesayensi, nangona kukho ukungaphumeleli kubo. Yonke le yintsimi yesayensi, eyona mzekelo wezinto ezingekho zonqulo. Oku kuchazwa yinto yokuba inzululwazi ibonisa ukugcinwa kwe-conservatism ngokugqithiseleyo ngokumalunga neendlela ezintsha zokungena kunye neengxabano ezinjalo zibonisa inceba yokungafihli.
IOrthodox i-obscurantism
Ukusebenzisana kwenkolo kunye ne-obscurantism kubonakala kwasekuqaleni kokuphuhliswa kwengcamango yabantu. Ukufumanisa okokuthi i-obscurantism ithetha ntoni kwiinkqubo zonqulo, kulufanelekile ukuphawula i-conservatism yangaphakathi, kuba umsebenzi wabo kukugcina ukuziphatha komphakathi. I-obscurantism yezenkolo ibonakaliswa kwisimo sengqondo esifanelekileyo malunga naluphina izinto ezintsha. Ababingeleli bathi abantu kufuneka bawubambe yonke imithetho yecawa, baye ecaweni rhoqo, bahambelane nokuvinjelwa njalo njalo.
Ngamanye amaxesha inkolo inika ukhululo kwaye njengomzekelo ungayifaka i-intanethi, okwangoku nje icawa ibonisa ukubonakaliswa komoya, kodwa emva kwexeshana le ngcamango yahlaziywa kwaye yahluke kwiziko le-dioceses ezisemthethweni, iiparishithi njalo njalo kubonakala kwinethiwekhi. Kweminye imiba engekho i-obscurantism isagcinwa. Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba ayibonakali kuphela kwi-Orthodoxy, kodwa nakwezinye izikhokelo zonqulo.
Ulawulo lwentlanga
Kubuhlungu ukuthetha into, kodwa abantu abahlala kwizikhundla zikaRhulumente benza konke okusemandleni abo ukukhusela abantu ekuphuhliseni nasekudaleni iingxaki. Ulawulo olungabonakaliyo lukarhulumente lubonakalisa ukususwa kwiingxaki ezikhoyo kwisayensi, kwinkcubeko, kwimfundo, njalo njalo. Kukho uluhlu lweendlela ezisetyenzisiweyo:
- ukuxelisa imisebenzi yesayensi;
- ukudala amaxwebhu aqingqiweyo;
- ukungaqhathaniswa koluntu;
- ukusetyenziswa kweendlela ezahlukeneyo;
- ukusekwa kwemimandla yoluntu;
- ukutshatyalaliswa kwabantu abanetalente nabalumkileyo;
- ukuxothwa kwabachasayo.
Indlela yokujongana ne-obscurantism?
Ngenxa yokusasazeka kwe-obscurantism kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zobomi, akuyi kuba lula ukuyichitha. Ukuphikisana nokugqithisileyo kubandakanya izenzo ezininzi, kodwa kufuneka zikhunjulwe ukuba azinjalo.
- Uluntu olubandakanya kwingxoxo evulekileyo yeengxaki ezikhoyo.
- Ukumisela ukuvinjelwa kokwenza izigqibo ezibalulekileyo kwimodi yokuzimela.
- Ukusabalalisa ngokuchanekileyo ulwazi kunye nokubonisa ukungabikho kwemfundo kunye nokuzincama kwabantu abenza inkqubela phambili.
- Ukunqoba i-obscurantism yanamhlanje kunokwenzeka ukuba ukusasaza inzululwazi ngendlela efanelekileyo, eya kukunceda ukukhupha ukungazi.
- Ukuchaswa ukungabikho kwenkcubeko kunye ne-totalistarianism, eyona isiseko sokuphuhlisa i-obscurantism.
- Ukunceda nokukhuthaza inkululeko yokudala, kubandakanywa nenzululwazi.