Uhlobo lwe-2 lwesifo sikashukela sisifo esoloko sichaphazela abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka emashumi mane ubudala. Ngaloo ntsholongwane, uvelwano lwezicubu ukuya kwisenzo se-insulin lukhula, olukhokelela ekunyuseni kwinqanaba le-glucose egazini, kwaye zonke iinkqubo zesisombululo emzimbeni ziyahluleka.
Eyaziwa ngokuphuhliswa ngokuthe ngcembe kunye nezibonakaliso ezingabonakaliyo kwisigaba sokuqala, esi sifo sivame ukufunyaniswa kwisigaba seengxaki ezinokukhula ngokukhawuleza ngokungabikho kwonyango. Isiseko sonyango lwe-2 lwesifo sikashukela esidala kwiimeko ezininzi kukho amayeza, apho kusetyenziswa khona izidakamizwa zamaqela amaninzi. Makhe sicinge, kunokuba yamukelwe ukunyanga isifo sikashukela sezinto ezi-2, kuthiwa ngamalungiselelo asebenzayo.
Iziyobisi ukwenzela unyango lwe-type 2 yeswekile
Ngelishwa, ukuphilisa isifo sikashukela namhlanje akunakwenzeka, kodwa eso sifo sinokulawulwa ngokuphila ubomi obupheleleyo. Ukuba iswekile yegazi kunye nobuthakathaka be-tissu kwi-insulin ayikwazi ukujongwa kuphela nge-low-carbohydrates yokutya kunye nokusebenza ngokomzimba, iziyobisi azikwazi ukuhanjiswa nazo. Iinjongo eziphambili zonyango lweziyobisi zi:
- ukufezekiswa kwexesha elide lokulawula umbane;
- ukuthintelwa kweengxaki.
Iqela eliphambili lezonyango kwi-type 2 yeswekile yilezi zonyango ezinciphisa ushukela kwifom etafilweyo, eyahlula zibe ziintlobo ezine:
1. Imithi ekhuthaza ukuveliswa kwe-insulin ngamaseli e-pancreatic. Ezi ziquka i-sulfonylureas, efana nesakhiwo seekhemikhali, kwaye ichazwe ngesizukulwana:
- izidakamizwa zokuqala (i-tolbutamide, i-carbutamide, i-tolazamide, i-chlorpropamide) - ngenxa yemiphumo emininzi engasetyenziswa;
- izidakamizwa zesibini-generation (glibenclamide, glipizide, gliclazide, glycidone);
- Isizukulwana sesithathu sesigqirha (glimepiride) yonyango elitsha lohlobo lwe-2 lweswekile, oluneenzuzo ezininzi kwinani langaphambili.
Kwakhona, ukukhuthaza ukuhlanganiswa kwe-insulin, i-Novonorm (repaglinide) kunye ne-Starlix (nateglinide) izidakamizwa zavela kungekudala.
2. I-Biguanides - iziyobisi ezandisa ukwanda kweentluli kwi-insulin. Namhlanje, isilwanyana esisodwa sisetyenziswe kulolu hlobo lweyeza: metformin (i-Siofor, i-Glucophage, njl.). Inkqubo yesenzo se-biguanides ayisacacile, kodwa kuyaziwa ukuba izidakamizwa ze-metformin zenza ukuba kulahlekelwe isisindo, ngoko kuboniswa ukunyanya.
3. Ama-inhibitors we-alpha-glucosidase - indlela yokunciphisa ukutyunjwa kwe-glucose kwi-intestine egazini. Oku kufezekiswa ngokuthintela isenzo se-enzyme, ephula iishukela ezintle, ukuze bangangeni egazini. Okwangoku, i-Glucobay (i-acarbose) isetyenziswa ngokuthe tye.
4. Abaxhobisiyo (abakhombisayo) izidakamizwa ezikhuphisayo ukuphendula kwezicubu kwi-insulin. Isiphumo siphumelelwe
Izigulane ezinexesha elide lesi sifo zingadinga ukuba kuqeshwe i-insulin ye-injection-injection - okwethutyana okanye yobomi.
Izidakamizwa ze-hypotensive zolu hlobo lwesifo sikashukela sesifo sikashukela
Ezi zi yobisi, ezimiselwe ukuphuhliswa kweengxaki ze-vascular, kufuneka zibekwe kwiqela elithile. Esi sifo, ukulawulwa kwexinzelelo lwegazi, amayeza alawulwa ukuba achukumise kakuhle izintso. Njengomthetho, i-thiazide diuretics kunye ne- calcium channel blockers zichazwe.